MATHEMATICS

Geometry

Circle and its

Parts
A circle
Many musical instruments have a circular surface.
For example:

Bingo Drum Tabla

Snare Drum Bass Drum

A circle

Five rings in the logo of Olympic games

 A circle is a closed curve in a plane.

A circle can be drawn with the help of a circular object.

For example: A circle drawn with the help of a coin.
 A circle is a closed curve
consisting of all points
A circle
in a plane which are at the
same distance (equidistant)
from a fixed point inside it.
Centre O

This fixed point (equidistant)

inside a circle is called
centre.

A circle has one and only

one centre.
 O Centre
u s
d i
Ra

M
A point on the circle

A line segment that joins any point on the circle to its centre
is called a radius.
(Contd…)
(Contd…)

N
Centre O

us
di M
a
R
K
L
 Radii ( plural of radius) of a circle are equal in length.

 Infinite number of radius can be drawn in a circle.

 A

O Centre
A circle
Diameter AB

B
A line segment that joins any two points on the circle and
passes through its centre is called a diameter.
(Contd…)
(Contd…)
M
A

A circle
P

O
Centre
Q

N
 Infinite number of diameters can be drawn in a circle.

 As the radii of a circle are equal in length, its diameters too

(Contd…)

Diameter MN
M N
Radius OM O Radius ON
Centre

Radius OM = Radius ON
Diameter MN = Radius OM + Radius ON
The length of the diameter of a circle is twice the length of its
radius.
A is a point on the B is another point
circle on the circle
A
A line seC
gm
hoerndt that joins B
point A and B

A line segment that joins any two points on the circle is

called a chord.
 M
Cho
rd MN N
O
C D
Chord CD
Diameter CD

or d KL
L Ch

Diameter is also a chord of the circle.

(Contd…)
 M N
Chord MN

O
C D
Diameter CD

K L
Chord KL

C D
M N

The diameter is the longest chord.

(Contd…)
 M N
Chord MN
G
Ch O Centre
or
d
GH
K
L
Chord KL
H

Infinite number of chords can be drawn in a circle.

 KC C
K
Secant KC line that contains a chord

O
Centre

It is a line that intersects the circle at any two point

on the circle
 KC C
K
Secant KC
A
O
Centre
X

D
Infinite number of secants can be drawn in a circle.
 C
K

O
Point of
Tangency Centre
C

It is a line that intersects the circle at exactly one

point on the circle. This point is called Point of
Tangency.
 K L

O
Centre

An arc is the distance between any two points on the

circumference of a circle.
(Contd…)
 Naming an arc
X
Arc KXL
K L

O
Centre

An arc is named by three points, of which two are the end

points of the arc and the third one lies in between them.
(Contd…)
 X
Minor Arc KXL
K L

O
Centre

Major Arc KYL

Y
An arc divides the circle into two parts: the smaller arc is
called the minor arc, the larger one is called the major arc.
(Contd…)
 An arc

An arc
 S Semicircle
Arc DSE DSE

Diameter
D E
O
Centre

R Semicircle
Arc DRE DRE

 Half of a circle is called a semicircle.

 A semicircle is also an arc of the circle.

(Contd…)
 O
Centre

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc Circle
 O Centre
M
s O
i u
a d
R

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc Circle
 Diameter DE
D E
O
Centre

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc Circle
 Q
d PQ
Ch o r
P

O
Centre

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc Circle
 E
O
Centre R
P Q
rc F
A

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc Circle
 S
Semicircle DSE

Semicircle
Diameter
D E
O
Centre
Semicircle

Semi
Radius Diameter Chord Arc circle
 X

X
nt M
O Centre
a
Sec

Secant Tangent
Point of Tangency

Diameter DE
D E
Tangent DT

O
Centre

Secant Tangent
 4
5
Direction: Fill in the box
the answers of its
6
3
corresponding statements
shown on the right.
Hint: The last letter of the
answer will be the first
2
letter of next answer.
1
1. the distance between any
two points on the
circumference of a circle.
2. A line segment that joins
any two points on a circle.
3..The line segment that joins
any two points on the
circle and passes through
its center.
4. Line segment that joins any
point on the circle to its
centre .
5. Line that intersects the
circle at any two point on
the circle.
6. line that intersects the circle
at exactly one point on the
circle
 R A DI U
E S Across:
T E 1. the distance between any
E
M
two points on the

C
Direction: Fill in the box
A

circumference of a circle.

AN
2. A line segment that joins
OR D I

the answers of its

any two points on a circle.

T A NG
corresponding statements
shown on the right.
Hint: The last letter of the
H
3..The line segment that joins
any two points on the
circle and passes through

its center.
answer will be the first
C

E
4. Line segment that joins any

N
R

letter of next answer. point on the circle to its

T
A
centre .
5. Line that intersects the
circle at any two point on
the circle.
6. line that intersects the circle
at exactly one point on the
circle