Volume VII, Issue I, June 2017

‘Assessment of Knowledge and Practices regarding Dengue fever and its

Prevention.’

*Ms. KalyaniTakle,
**Mrs. Reshma Bodhak.
Department of Community Health Nursing
Sinhgad College of Nursing, Narhe, Pune – 41
salvereshma@gmail.com
INTRODUCTION country thus researcher felt that to
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne assess and educate the people about
disease caused by the dengue virus. practices and preventive method of
Symptoms typically start on 3 to 4 days dengue fever.
after infection. Symptoms of dengue PROBLEM STATEMENT
fever include a high fever, headache, Assessment of knowledge and practices
vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a regarding dengue fever and its
feature skin rash. Improvement prevention among people residing in
generally takes less than 2 to 7 days. In selected rural and urban areas in the
a small quantity of cases, the disease city
develops into the life-threatening OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
dengue hemorrhagic fever, resulting in 1. To assess the knowledge regarding
bleeding, decrease blood platelets count dengue fever and its prevention
and blood plasma outflow, or into among people residing at selected
dengue shock syndrome, where rural area
dangerously reduce blood pressure 2. To assess the knowledge regarding
occurs. Dengue is transmitted by several dengue fever and its prevention
type of mosquito of the Aedestype, among people residing at selected
mainly A. Aegypti. urban area
Prevention is by reducing mosquito 3. To assess the practices regarding
habitat and limiting exposure to bites. dengue fever and its prevention
This may be done by getting rid of or among people residing at selected
covering standing water and wearing rural area
clothing that covers much of the body. 4. To assess the practices regarding
Stay in air conditioned or well screen dengue fever and its prevention
housing, use mosquito repellent, be among people residing at selected
careful if one of our family members get urban area
the dengue fever, empty all other 5. To compare knowledge regarding
containers and turn them upside down, dengue fever among people residing
change water every two days, clean and in selected rural and urban areas in
scrub inner side of the vases. Dengue the city
has become a global problem since the 6. To compare practices regarding
Second World War and is common in dengue fever and its prevention
more than 110 countries. Every year 50 among people residing in
to 528 million people get infected and selected rural and
around 20,000 die due to Dengue. urban areas in the
NEED OF THE STUDY city.
Morbidity and mortality rate of dengue
is higher in all over India and other
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© 2017, Sinhgad College of Nursing, All rights reserved.
 Volume VII, Issue I, June 2017
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is the systematic
way of doing a research to solve a
problem.
Approach: Quantitative research
approach
Design: Non experimental comparative
descriptive research design
Setting of the study: Rural and urban
areas in selected city
Target Population:
People residing in selected Rural and
Urban areas all over Maharashtra
Accessible Population:
People residing in Rural and Urban
areas in selected city
Population:
A population is complete set of persons
or subjects those possess common
characteristics that are of interest to the
researcher.
For the present study, the population is
the adults above 18 years of age,
residing in the urban and rural areas.
The accessible population is the male
and female residing in selected urban
area and selected rural area.
Sampling technique: Probability Cluster
random sampling technique
Sample size: Total sample size 120
(Rural 60+Urban 60)
Inclusion criteria
1) Those adults who are willing to
participate in the study.
2) Those adults who are able to read
and write or understand English or
Marathi.
3) Those adults who are available
during data collection.
Exclusion criteria
1) Those who are below age group 17
years
2) Those who are above age group 60
years
Tool preparation
Through review of research & non
research literature was undertaken to
decide on the tools to be used for data
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© 2017, Sinhgad College of Nursing, All rights reserved.
collection based on the objectives of the
study. Based on guidelines of literature,
the investigator designed blue print of
the tool. The investigator had
constructed a semi structured
questionnaire to assess knowledge of
dengue fever and self-reported
questions for practices and observation
checklist for prevention of dengue fever.
Few statements were sequenced
logically; wording changed and non-
relevant items were deleted after
validation of tool.
The tool Consist of a semi structured
questionnaire, self-reported practices
and observation checklist was
developed by the investigator for
assessing the knowledge and practices
of dengue fever and its prevention
among people residing in rural and
urban area.
Description of the tool
Tool consists of four parts
Part-I: This section comprised of socio-
demographic variables like age, gender,
educational status, occupation.
Part-II: This section comprised, Semi
structured questionnaire was prepared
after an extensive search of literature
and non-research related to expected
knowledge regarding dengue fever
practices and its prevention.
Investigator had taken written test from
those are residing in rural and urban
areas of city. The questionnaire consists
of 20 items.
Questionnaire consisted of items with
four options each. Blue print of
Questionnaire was prepared based on
items representing component of
conceptual frame work of the study.
Knowledge score was graded in to four
equal quartiles as very good, good,
average and poor.
Part-III: This section comprised, self-
reported practices were prepared in Yes
or No form. In that the 15 practice items
and those practices regularly doing in
the home that only tick ‘Yes’ neither ‘No’
 Volume VII, Issue I, June 2017
Part-VI: This section comprised,
observational checklist containing tool
to assess the practices regarding
prevention of dengue fever. In that
researches observe 5 items.
MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
SECTION I: Frequency distribution and
percentage of selective demographic
characteristics of the people residing in
rural and urban area.
Age:
x The age distribution of people
residing in rural area, out of 60
sample 26(43%) of the sample are
18 – 28 years age group, 19(32%) of
the sample are 29 – 38 years age
group, another 8(13%) of the
sample are 39 – 48 years age group
and 7(12%) of the sample are 49 –
60 years age group
x The age distribution of people
residing in urban area, out of 60
sample 31(52%) of the sample are
18 – 28 years age group, 14(23%) of
the samples are 29 – 38 years age
group, another 8(13%) of the
sample are 39 – 48 years age group
and 7(12%) of the sample are 49 –
60 years age group
Gender:
x The distribution of gender of rural
people, Out of 60 samples 43 (72%)
of sample are males and 17(28%) of
females.
x The distribution of gender of urban
people. Out of 60 samples 43 (72%)
of sample are males and 17(28%) of
females.
Occupation:
x The distribution occupation of rural
people, Out of 60 samples 8(13.33%)
are unemployed, 25(42%) are
service, another 13(21.66%) are
business and 14(23.33%) are
student.
x The distribution occupation of urban
people. Out of 60 samples 11(18%)
are unemployed, 19(32%) are
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© 2017, Sinhgad College of Nursing, All rights reserved.
service, another 15(25%) are
business and 15(25%) are student.
Education:
x Distribution of education of rural
people. Out of 60 samples 1(2%) of
primary education completed,
9(15%) of secondary education
completed another 17(28%) of
higher secondary education
completed and 33(55%) of graduate
and above graduate completed
x The distribution of education of
urban people. Out of 60 samples
9(15%) of primary education
completed, 16(27%) of secondary
education completed another
13(21%) of higher secondary
education completed and 22(37%)
of graduate and above graduate
completed
SECTION II
SECTION II A: Analysis of data related to
knowledge of dengue fever among people
residing in rural area.
x Out of 60 samples 1(2%) of rural
people are poor knowledge, 5(8%)
of rural people are average
knowledge, 28(47%) of rural people
are good knowledge and 26(43%) of
rural people are very good
knowledge.
SECTION II B: Analysis of data related to
knowledge of dengue fever among people
residing in urban area.
x Out of 60 samples 0(0%) of urban
people are poor knowledge,
24(40%) of urban people are
average knowledge, 32(53%) of
urban people are good knowledge
and 4(7%) of urban people are very
good knowledge
SECTION III
SECTION III A: Analysis of data related to
practices of dengue fever and its
prevention among people residing in
rural area.
x Out of 60 samples 3(5%) of rural
people are poor practices of dengue
fever and its prevention, 8(13%) of
 Volume VII, Issue I, June 2017

rural people are average practices of

dengue fever and its prevention,
32(53%) of rural people are good
practices of dengue fever and its
prevention and 17(28%) of rural
people are very good practices of
dengue fever and its prevention
SECTION III B: Analysis of data related to
practices of dengue fever and its
prevention among people residing in
urban area.
x Out of 60 samples 3(5%) of urban
people are poor practices of dengue
fever and its prevention, 8(13%) of
urban people are average practices
of dengue fever and its prevention,
32(53%) of urban people are good In figure the bar graph shows on X – axis
practices of dengue fever and its the rural and urban area and Y – axis
prevention and 17(28%) of urban shows mean of knowledge score status.
people are very good practices of Out of 120 samples rural knowledge
dengue fever and its prevention mean score is 9.26 and urban
SECTION IV knowledge mean score is 11.4
SECTION IV A: analysis of data related to SECTION IV B: analysis of data related to
knowledge of dengue fever among people practices of dengue fever and its
residing in rural area and urban area. prevention among people residing in
rural area and urban area.
Grou Mea Z P– Grou Mea SD Z cal Z Df P -
SD Zcal Df
p n tab value p n tab value
3.00
Rural 9.26 Urba 14.6 3.90 0.073 1.9 11 0.941
8 4.11 1.9 11 0.000
n 1 6 25 8 8 7
Urba 2.66 3 8 8 1
11.4 Urba 14.6 3.56
n 3
n 6 4
Researcher applied paired two sample Researcher applied paired two sample
test to compare difference between test to compare difference between
average knowledge and practices average knowledge and practices
scoring of rural and urban people. Since scoring of rural and urban people. Since
P value is greater than 0.05 (P value P value is greater than 0.05 (P value
0.9417) difference in average scoring is 0.9417) difference in average scoring is
statistical not significant. Researcher statistical not significant. Researcher
concluded at 5% level of significance concluded at 5% level of significance
and 118 degree of freedom that the and 118 degree of freedom that the
above data gives sufficient evidence to above data gives sufficient evidence to
conclude that, there is a no significant conclude that, there is a no significant
difference in the practices of dengue difference in the practices of dengue
fever and its prevention among people fever and its prevention among people
residing in selected rural and urban residing in selected rural and urban
areas in the city. Hence we accept null areas in the city. Hence we accept null
hypothesis and reject research hypothesis and reject research
hypothesis. hypothesis.
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© 2017, Sinhgad College of Nursing, All rights reserved.
 Volume VII, Issue I, June 2017
In figure the bar graph shows on X – axis
the rural and urban area and Y – axis
shows mean of practices of dengue fever
and its prevention score status. Out of
120 samples rural practices of dengue
fever and its prevention mean score is
14.61 and urban practices of dengue
fever and its prevention mean score is
14.66.
CONCLUSION
The finding of the present study found
that, Rural people have average
knowledge of dengue fever and urban
people have good knowledge of dengue
fever. Urban people have more
knowledge as compare to rural and
practices and preventive method of
dengue fever followed by rural and
urban people are similar.
REFERENCES
1. Park K., textbook of preventive and
social medicine, nineteenth edition,
Jabalpur, M/s Banarsidas Bhanot
publication: 2002:12
2. History of dengue. Available from:
http://www.denguevirusnet.com/h
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3. WHO. Dengue Guidelines for
Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention
and Control. Geneva: World Health
Organization 2011 June 17
Available form:
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© 2017, Sinhgad College of Nursing, All rights reserved.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deng
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4. Astron C, Rocklov J, Hales S, Beguin
A, Louis V, Sauerborn R.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubm
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Municipal Corporation, that had the
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followed by the north and south
Shahdara zones in East Delhi
Municipal Corporation at 802 and
698, respectively.
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