2021 J1 H2 CHEMISTRY (9729)

CHEM COACHING
Worksheet 3 (Energetics 1 & 2)

1. When 1.00 g of phenylethene (Mr = 104) was burnt under a container of water, it was
found that 250 g of water was heated from 20 oC to 50 oC. Use the appropriate data from
the Data-Booklet to calculate the enthalpy change of combustion of phenylethene. [–3260]

thermometer

metal can containing

250 g of water

burner containing
phenylethene

2. In an experiment to measure the enthalpy change of neutralisation of hydrochloric acid,

20 cm3 of the solution containing 0.08 mol of HCl is placed in a plastic cup of negligible
heat capacity. A 20 cm3 sample of aqueous NaOH containing 0.04 mol of NaOH at the
same initial temperature, is added and the temperature rises by 15 K.
If the heat capacity per unit volume of the final solution is 4.2 J K1 cm3, what is the
enthalpy change of neutralisation of hydrochloric acid? [–63.0]

3. In an experiment, 3.00 g of zinc was added to 25.0 cm3 of 0.80 mol dm3 of copper sulfate,
CuSO4 solution. The maximum temperature rise was found to be 2.0 oC. Determine the
enthalpy change of the reaction. [–10.5]
Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq)  Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s)

4. Nitroglycerin, C3H5(NO3)3, is a flammable liquid commonly used to manufacture dynamite.

Upon ignition, nitroglycerin decomposes to produce nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide
and steam. The equation of decomposition of nitroglycerin is given below:

C3H5(NO3)3(l)  3CO2(g) + 5/2 H2O(g) + 3/2 N2(g) + ¼ O2(g) Hdecomposition

Given the following:
standard enthalpy change of formation of C3H5(NO3)3(l) = 364 kJ mol1
standard enthalpy change of formation of H2O(g) = 242 kJ mol1
standard enthalpy change of formation of CO2(g) = 394 kJ mol1

(a) With reference to above data, calculate the standard enthalpy change of
decomposition of nitroglycerin. [–1423]

(b) Calculate G at 25 oC for this decomposition given that S = +208 J K1 mol1.
Give your answer to 3 significance figures and hence predict the spontaneity of the
reaction at 25 oC. [–1480]
5. Methane, methanol and hydrogen have all been investigated as possible alternative fuels
for motor vehicles that currently use petrol. The table below compares the energy
released on combustion of these fuels.
energy per dm3
density at energy per
Hc at 25 oC and
fuel 25 oC and 101 kPa gram
(kJ mol1) 101 kPa
(g dm3) (kJ g1)
(MJ dm3)
petrol 710 – 770 – 47.3 33.6 – 36.4
methane 0.645 891 55.5 0.0358
methanol 792 726 22.7 18.0
hydrogen 0.0884 286 143 0.0126

(a) One alternative fuel technology involves the conversion of liquid methanol into
hydrogen gas, as shown by the equation below.
CH3OH(l)  2H2(g) + CO(g)

(i) Calculate the standard enthalpy change, H, for this reaction using
appropriate data from the table above.
You will also need to use the standard enthalpy change of combustion of
carbon monoxide, which is 283 kJ mol1. [+129]

(ii) If the standard entropy change, S, for this reaction is +332 J K1 mol1,
calculate the minimum temperature above which this reaction is spontaneous.
[389]

6. An industrial method for manufacturing ethanal involves passing ethanol vapour and air
over a heated copper catalyst.
Cu at 300 oC
CH3CH2OH + ½ O2 CH3CHO + H2O
Using bond energy data from the Data-Booklet calculate the enthalpy change for the
reaction. [Hint: Draw out all the bonds] [–182]

7. (a) Using the following information, and relevant data from the Data-Booklet, construct
an energy cycle to calculate the lattice energy of calcium fluoride, CaF2. [–2640]
Electron affinity of fluorine = 328 kJ mol1
Enthalpy change of atomisation of calcium = +178 kJ mol1
Enthalpy change of formation of CaF2 = 1220 kJ mol1

(b) Using the following data, together with your answer in (a), construct an energy cycle
to calculate a value for the enthalpy change of solution of calcium fluoride, CaF2.
[+12.0]

enthalpy change of hydration of Ca2+ –1620 kJ mol–1

enthalpy change of hydration of F – –504 kJ mol–1