10.

70
H0: μ1=μ2
H1: μ1≠μ2
𝛂 = 0.1
df= 5+5-2= 8
Critical Values: t = ± 1.86 (1)
2 2
(5−1)𝑥68.75 +(5−1)𝑥102.77
S= (5−1)(5−1)
=7644.2
(596.2−529.8)−0
Test statistic tstat= 1 1
=1.2(2)
7644.2𝑥( 5 + 5 )

(1)(2) => fail to reject Ho

10.76
H0: 𝜇𝜇𝜇µ𝐷= 0
H1:𝜇𝜇𝜇µ𝐷 ≠0

Critical value for df=11, 𝛼=10%, 2-tailed test: t = ± 1.796(1)

Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
A 24 24 52 30 40 30 18 30 18 40 24 12
B 24 20 52 36 36 36 24 36 16 52 24 16
D 0 4 0 -6 4 -6 -6 -6 2 -12 0 -4

𝐷= ∑D/12=-30/12=-2.5

12
∑ (𝐷𝑖+2.5)
S= 𝑖=1
12−1
=4.908
−2.5−0
Test statistic 𝑡𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡= 4.908 = -1.76(2) =>The p-value is 0.106(3)
12

(1)(2)=> Fail to reject the Ho

(3)=> Fail to reject the Ho
We don't have sufficient evidence to conclude that the evaluator teams are not consistent in
their estimates.

10.82
(a)
𝑛1 = 𝑛2 = 15
𝑋1 = 146 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝑋2 = 127 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝑠1 = 14 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝑠2 = 12 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠
The pooled estimate is:
2 2
(15−1)14 +(15−1)12
𝑆= 15+15+2
= 13. 04
The 95% confidence interval for the difference in mean TV watching is:
1 1
(𝑋1 − 𝑋2) ± 𝑡𝑛 +𝑛 −2,α/2𝑆 𝑛1
+ 𝑛2
1 2

1 1
= (146 − 127) ± 𝑡15+15−2,0.05/2 * 13. 04 * 15
+ 15
= 19 ± 2. 0484 × 4. 7615 = 19 ± 9. 7535
=> 9. 25 < µ < 28. 75

Yes, because zero is outside the CI, DVR users have a much greater mean screen time,
supporting the TV company's claim that DVR users watch more TV.

b) The variances are equal.

10.86
a) The hypotheses are
𝐻𝑜: µ1 − µ2≤0

𝐻1: µ1 − µ2≥0

b) Assuming equal population variances in this case, we first calculate the pooled variance
2 2
2 (11−1)(2.69) +(16−1)(2.66)
𝑆 𝑝
= 11+16−2
= 7. 1398

14.51−11.88
𝑡𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐 = 7.1398 7.1398
= 2. 513
11
+ 16

c) d.f. = 𝑛1 + 𝑛2 − 2 = 11 + 16 − 2 = 25

For the pooled-variance t test with α = 0. 01 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑. 𝑓. = 25, the right-tail critical value
𝑡0.01 = 2. 485

The decision rule is to reject 𝐻𝑜 if 𝑡𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐 > 2. 485

d) At the 1% level of significance, we reject Ho in favor of H1 because the test statistic falls
in the right-tail rejection region.
e) It might be reasonable to assume equal population variances since the sample standard
deviation 𝑠1 = 2. 69 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠2 = 2. 66. The hypotheses to test for equality of variances are
 2 2
𝐻𝑜: σ1 = σ2

2 2
𝐻1: σ1 ≠ σ2

Degree of freedom: numerator 𝑑𝑓1 = 11 − 1 = 10

Denominator 𝑑𝑓2 = 16 − 1 = 15
2
(2.69)
test statistic 𝐹𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐 = 2 = 1. 0227
(2.66)

=>p-value = 0.9386.=> Fail to reject Ho.

We may assume equal population variances in this situation since the ratio of two sample
variances is not significantly different from 1.

10.90

a)

H0: σ21 = σ22

H1: σ21 ≠ σ22

n1=8, , s12= 12674183.93, n2=8 and s22=65741314.29.

Test statistic :F=0.19(1)
The significance level is α = 0.05. The degrees of freedom should be:

df1=8-1=7 d𝑓2=8-1=7

From the F table at df1=7 , df2=7 and α = 0.05 for two-tailed test,
=> Critical values : Fcrit= 0.2002(2) and Fcrit= 4.995.

(1)(2)=> Reject Ho.

We therefore conclude that at α=0.05, there is insufficient evidence to support the claim that
the population variances are equal.

b) Two samples are compared in a variety of situations. We are sometimes just concerned
with whether the parameter is the same in 2 populations, rather than the actual value. That's
why two example tests are included as a point of comparison.