2000

19 - GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR STEEL

STRUCTURES WORKS AND
TAKE-OFF PROCEDURES

The Inter-Ministerial Committee for the Standardization of the Construction

Contract Documents and their Computerization, with the participation of the

Defense Ministry, the Building and Housing Ministry and the

Transport Ministry / Public Works Department

a
© All rights reserved to the Ministry of Defense / Publications

b
 19 - GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR STEEL STRUCTURES
WORKS AND TAKE-OFF PROCEDURES
(This page is not part of the Contract)

1. The General Specification for Steel Structures Works represents Chapter 19 of the General
Specification for Building Works.

2. The Take-off Procedures for the Steel Structures Works are indicated as No. 1900.00 and
they are gathered at the end of the Specification. The Bill of Quantities for a given work
shall be prepared on the basis of these Take-off Procedures.

3. The General Specification forms an inseparable part of the Contract Documents between
the Ministry and the Contractor. Should the need for it arise, the Designer shall prepare a
Special Specification for a given work and indicate that all the requirements of the Special
Specification supersede in all cases, those of the General Specification.

The present Specification is so based so as to form one of the Contract Documents, the
stipulations of which are the Contract with the State of Israel for the execution of a
structure by a Contractor (shelf 3210).

4. In the Special Specification or the Bill of Quantities, or the Drawings, the Designer shall
indicate his requirements with respect to what is said in those Specification Paragraphs in
which there are more than one alternative. The Designer shall also check the List of
Standards in the head of the Chapter to ensure that it is complete and updated.

5. In the following paragraphs (6-24), the Paragraphs, which the Designer must address in
writing and specifically his requirements, are listed.

6. Chapter 19 Version – The Designer shall indicate in the Special Specification that he is
basing himself on Chapter 19, Fourth Version (2000).

7. Workshop Drawings and Erection Drawings –The Designer shall indicate any special
requirements with regards to the detailing of the workshop drawings and the erection
drawings besides what is stated in paragraph 19003. The Designer shall determine in the
Special Specification the length of time that shall be required for inspecting and approving
the drawings.

8. Special Materials – Should the Designer wish to use types of steel or any other materials,
which do not meet the Standards listed in the present Specification, he shall have to
precisely indicate the required properties, the Standard (with indication of the paragraph in
the Standard) suiting his requirements concerning the material. Sheet metal for complex
ceilings shall be detailed in the Special Specification.

9. Lengthening of Structural Components – Requirements for lengthening structural

components having a designed length not enabling their production with raw materials
with standard lengths available on the market, shall be detailed in the Drawings and in the
Specification.

10. Tolerances – Tolerances different from those appearing in the present Specification, shall
be defined by the Designer in the Special Specification.

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11. Bolts – The Designer shall indicate the type of bolts, the strength grades, the method for
securing the bolts as well as the method for providing corrosion resistance of the bolts that
shall be used in the building.

12. Grounding – The grounding shall be specified in one of the Contract Documents.

13. Welding – The Designer shall detail the following subjects in the Special Specification:

a) The thickness and length of the welds;

b) For components over 20 mm thick, directives for heating the components prior to
their welding;

c) Detailed requirement for releasing stresses by thermal intervention, if needed;

d) Requirements for visual inspection of welds in buildings with dynamic loads;

e) The type of non-destructive tests, the size of the sample and acceptance/rejection
conditions.

14. Galvanization – The Designer shall indicate in the Special Specification the galvanization
requirements, as well as the following requirements:

a) The galvanization method (hot-dip zinc, zinc coating, zinc electrolytic coating, zinc
coating by the Schroeder method, zinc-rich paint application);

b) A request for cleaning by means of abrasive method, prior to galvanization;

c) Should the thickness of the required galvanization be above those defined in SI 918,
the Designer shall indicate the execution method;

d) The size of the sample for testing the quality of the coating, should it be different
from those indicated in ISO 1461;

e) Should there be a request for spray-zinc thicker than 100 micrometers, the Designer
shall indicate it in the Special Specification.

15. Painting the Structure – Should there be a request for painting different from the one
described in Chapter 11 – Painting Works, it shall be detailed in the Special Specification.
Requests for zinc-rich paint shall also be specified.

Painting over galvanized areas (a "duplex" system) shall have its requirements detailed in
the Special Specification.

16. Attachments to Concrete Parts – The Designer shall detail in the Special Specification
the type of filling material ("grout") required for base boards.

17. Fire Protection – Requirements for coating steel elements for fire-resistance and the
combination with corrosion for resistance means shall be detailed in the Special
Specification.

18. Non-Metal Covering Plates – Should non-metal plates be used for covering the roof and
the walls, the type of material required shall be indicated in the Special Specification,
including its properties and the details required for the installation of the cover.

19. Rainwater Pipes – They shall be detailed according to Chapter 7 – Sanitary Installations.

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20. Watertightness Testing – Requests for watertightness tests shall be indicated in the
Special Specification.

21. Cover – The Special Specification shall indicate the type of cover to be used for the roofs
and the walls, the bolts and the maximal distance between them as well as the required
waterproofing. For "sandwich" components, their thickness, type of core, corrosion
resistance level and waterproofing material used between the components, shall be
indicated.

22. Thermal or Acoustic Insulation – The requirements for the thermal and acoustic
insulation shall be coordinated in the Special Specification.

23. Alternatives to the Painting Take-Off – Two alternatives for measuring the painting of
the steel structure are described. The Designer shall write down in the Special
Specification whether he chose to separate the painting works from the structural steel
works.

24. Alternatives to the Galvanization Take-Off – Two alternatives for measuring the
galvanization of the steel structure are described. The Designer shall write down in the
Special Specification whether he chose to separate the galvanization works from the
structural steel works.

25. All the subjects detailed above (6 to 24) only represent a reminder to the Designer, which
does not release him from checking the compatibility of the General Specification
paragraphs to the designed work.

- 2000 -

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19 - GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR STEEL
STRUCTURES WORKS AND
TAKE-OFF PROCEDURES

The Inter-Ministerial Committee for the Standardization of the Construction

Contract Documents and their Computerization, with the participation of the

Defense Ministry, the Building and Housing Ministry and the

Transport Ministry / Public Works Department

Fourth Version (Revised)

© All rights reserved to the Ministry of Defense / Publications – 2000

The Inter-Ministerial Committee for the Standardization of the Construction Contract
Documents and their Computerization:

A. Haber Ministry of Defense – Chairman

L. Davidovitz - Ministry of Building and Housing – Member
Y. Frankel - Ministry of Defense – Member
A. Saguy - Ministry of Transport / Public Works Department – Member
Y. Sasson - Ministry of Building and Housing – Member
S. Fein - Ministry of Defense – Member of the Committee and Responsible Editor of
the Publications
Y. Lopovitz - Ministry of Defense – Member of the Committee and Sub-Committee
Coordinator

General Specification for the Steel Structures Works

Sub-Committee:
S. Fein - Ministry of Defense – Chairman
Y. Lopovitz Ministry of Defense – Member
J. Katzir Ministry of Defense – Member
K. Rainhorn IDF – Member
A. Rosenfeld - Ministry of Defense – Member
S. Rothstein Ministry of Building and Housing – Member
A. Saguy - Ministry of Transport / Public Works Department – Member

The Committee was assisted by Mr. A. Miller from Miller-Schnabel-Zahar and Associates

The Committee was also assisted with regards to galvanization, by Michal Behr and to welding by
Mr. Gaby Shoef.

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 19 - The Special Specification for Steel Structures Works

(and the Take-Off Procedures)

Table of Contents

Page

1900 General..............................................................................................................................3

1901 Materials for Steel Structures............................................................................................8

1902 The Fabrication of Steel Structures....................................................................................9

1903 Welding...........................................................................................................................12

1904 Zinc Coating of the Steel.................................................................................................18

1905 Painting...........................................................................................................................21

1906 Erection of the Structure..................................................................................................22

1907 Covering of Roofs and Walls...........................................................................................24

1900.00 – Take-Off Procedures for Steel Structures Works............................................................28

A "Blue Page" is attached to the Brochure – Directives to the Designer, which are not
part of the Contract.

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1900 General

1900 Scope of the Chapter

The present chapter deals with the manufacturing and erection of steel constructions for
buildings or building components. Bridges, crane-bridges, etc., are not included in the
present Chapter.

The chapter also includes the usual steel constructions covers: shaped, steel metal plates
and "sandwich" elements.

The roof draining through eaves and gutters shall be according to Chapter 07 – Sanitary
Installations, and the Special Specification.

1901 Standards

Listed below are the standards relevant to this chapter.

a. Israeli Standards

Standard No. Name of Standard

127, Part 1 Welders Licensing Tests
265 Electrolytic Coatings of Zinc on Ferrous Metals
266 Electrolytic Coatings of Cadmium on Ferrous Metals
313 Sheet Metal and Steel Strips Galvanized by the Melting Zinc Dipping
Continuous Method
414 Characteristic Loadings in Buildings: Wind Loads
567 Strengthened Polyester Boards
669 Extruded Waved Boards Made of Rigid PVC
691 Synthetic Base Paint, Chromatic Zinc, for General Use
918 Hot-Dip Zinc Coating on Steel and Cast Iron Products
1026, Part 5 Non-Destructive Testing: A Manual for Non-Destructive Testing of
Welds
1027 X-Rays Testing
1028 Ultrasound Testing of Welded Steel Connectors
1032 Approval of Welding Procedures: Pressure Reservoirs Welding, Fuel
Storage Reservoirs and Steel-Made Pressure Piping
1061 Technical Drawings: Description of Welding Joints Symbols
1062 Base Paint on the Basis of Epoxy Resin
1064 Upper Paint on the Basis of Epoxy Resin
1133 Welding: Definitions of Terms
1173 Lightning Arrester Systems for Buildings and Installations
1225 Steel Structures Codes
1338 Coated Electrodes Made of Low Content Alloy Steel for Arc-Welding
1339 Coated Electrodes Made of Stainless Steel for Arc-Welding of Protected
Metal
1340 Coated Electrodes for Arc-Welding of Carbon Steel
1341 Filling-in Metals for Carbon Steels by Gas-Shielded Arc-Welding
1380 Threaded Components: Electrolytic Coatings
1458 Steel Pipes for Buildings
1476 Watertightness Testing of Building Envelop from Water Penetration:

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Sloped Roofs
1508 Covering Steel Shaped Sheet Metal
1556 Covering of Light Roofs
1733 Cladding of Steel Elements in the Building, for Fire Protection
1751, Part 1 Procedure for the Welding of Metal Elements and their Acceptance:
General Directives for Welding by Melting
1751, Part 2 Procedure for the Welding of Metal Elements and their Acceptance:
Arc-Welding
1751, Part 3 Procedure for the Welding of Metal Elements and their Acceptance:
Inspection of Procedures for Steel Arc-Welding
4271 Zinc Coating by the Schroeder Method (thermo-diffusion)

b. Specifications of the Standards Institution of Israel

SII Specification 203, "Sandwich" Component for the Building: Components with Rigid
Part 1 Foamed Polyurethane Core
SII Specification 203, "Sandwich" Component for the Building: Components with Core
Part 2 Made of Rigid Foamed Polystyrene or Rock Wool or Both

c. Foreign Standards

ASTM E 165 Standard Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination

ASTM E 1417 Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination
ASTM E 1444 Standard practice for Magnetic Particle Examination
BSI ENV-1090-1 Execution of Steel Structures, Part 1
BS EN-22063 Metallic and Other Inorganic Coatings – Thermal Spraying - Zinc,
Aluminium and their Alloys
BS 5950 Structure Use of Steelwork in Building
ISO 1461 Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings on Fabricated Iron and Steel
Particles – Specifications and Test Methods
ISO 8501-1 Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and
Related Products – Visual Assessment of Surface Cleanliness
ANSI / AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code / Steel

1902 Other Chapters

All that is said in the Chapters indicated below applies also to the present Chapter and this
is defined in paragraph "Priorities Between the Chapters of the General Specification" in
Chapter 00 – Preliminaries:

Chapter 00 - Preliminaries
Chapter 07 - Sanitary Installations
Chapter 11 - Paint Works

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1903 Detailed Design

190030 General

The Contractor shall submit workshop drawings and erection drawings, according to the
general drawings attached to the Contract. The Drawings shall conform to the
requirements of the Standards listed in paragraph 19001 above. Matters not covered by
Israeli Standards shall conform to the requirements of Foreign Standards listed in
paragraph 19001 above.

For the approbation of Drawings, see paragraph 190033 below. The Contractor shall also
submit Welding Procedures (Welding Specification) according to SI 1032, Part 1 or to
AWS D1.1.

Should there be a divergence between the Specification and the General Drawings
submitted to the Contractor in the Contract Documents, or a discrepancy in the
dimensions in those drawings, or in any type of materials, the Contractor shall notify the
COR prior to the completion of the workshop and execution drawings.

190031 Workshop Drawings

The Workshop Drawings shall be prepared at a scale as needed for determining the
requirements for the manufacture of the structural components, including those of the
covering. The Drawings shall include projections, cross-sections as well as Materials and
Products Schedules as required in SI 1225, Part 1.

Among other things, the Drawings shall include the following details:

a) The shape of the component, including the type of material and the method for
fabricating it (hot- or cold-rolling), the size of the raw material;

b) The component's dimensions, its weight, its identification number, its location and
the order of its installation;

c) Preheating prior to the execution of the welds, in accordance with the thickness of
the components;

d) Bolts: types (stress bolts, shear bolts, prestressing bolts, anchoring bolts, etc.),
strength, essential dimensions, need for shear throat, instructions for closing stressed
bolts, different marking for bolts shop-applied and bolts field-applied, methods for
securing various bolts;

e) Tolerances in production;

f) For components meant to be hot-dip galvanized, consideration shall be given to the

following elements: steel composition, dimensions, shape, preparations required for
the galvanization process and requirements concerning the location and dimensions
of openings needed for the galvanization;

g) Welding: the welding method, the types of the welding joints, thickness, length and
order of performance of the joints. The types of electrodes shall be according to SI
1338, 1339 and 1340. The type of the electrode shall suit the type of steel and its
thickness, the type of electrical current and its strength, the location of the joints and
the posture of the welder performing the work;

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h) Template Drawings for ensuring exact location of the steel components installed in
the concrete at the time of its casting (see paragraph 19065 below);

i) Special detailing required at certain places in the structure, such as directly

compressed elements, as well as releasing methods following the welding operation;

j) All that may be needed for the manufacture and preparation of the components, in
accordance with the requirements of the Special Specification.

The start of the fabrication shall be subject to the written approval of the COR.

190032 Erection Drawings

The Contractor shall prepare erection drawings according to the requirements of SI 1225,
Part 1. The drawings shall include projections and cross-sections (at scales to enable easy
reading), as well as the detail of all that may be needed for the erection.

Among other things, the following details shall be indicated:

a) The numbering and schedule of the assemblies;

b) The order of installation of the assemblies, the supporting method during the
installation and the temporary attachments;

c) The details of the field attachments as well as instructions regarding the erection
process and the progress direction;

d) Directives for hoisting assemblies and supporting them with cranes or other means,
including temporary support and final attachments to the building;

e) Details for installing bolts into the concrete and of their attachment to the concrete;

f) Instructions for closing bolts, including stressed bolts;

g) Tolerances in the installation of assemblies and the whole building;

h) Roof and wall cover drawings, including the required preparations for openings,
details of attachments (including the distances between the bolts), details of closure
and waterproofing against rain and wind;

i) Details for the erection of installations designed to be set on the roof or to hang from
the roof or the ceiling, inside or outside the building.

190033 Approbation of the Fabrication and Erection Drawings

The Drawings shall be submitted for approval to the COR who shall approve them after
their amendment by the Contractor (should there be a need for such amendments) and this
at the dates determined in the Contract Documents. This approval when issued shall not
lessen in any way the full and sole responsibility of the Contractor. The Contractor shall
be responsible for the fabrication and erection drawings accuracy, on all their details.

1904 The Manufacturing Plant

The structure shall be fabricated in a plant equipped with all the machinery, tools and
equipment required for fabricating the structure according to the Contract Documents. The

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plant shall be subjected to the prior approbation of the COR. No fabrication work shall be
started prior to the issue of the COR's approval.

The COR shall be entitled to enter the shop at any time and inspect fabrication.

1905 Field-Fabrication of the Structure

Should the Contractor wish to fabricate the structure on Site, he shall have to prove that
the equipment and the working conditions shall allow proper execution of the structure, in
accordance with all the requirements. This shall be subject to prior written approbation by
the COR. The approval shall be subject to the condition that the Contractor shall execute
on the Site all the preparations and arrangements needed for ensuring fabrication
according to the Contract Documents.

1906 Quality Control

The Contractor shall have to report on the proceeding of work carried out at the shop
manufacturing the construction, and shall inform the COR at least three days in advance
both about the date on which each new execution stage starts and about the completion
dates of the various elements. No stages shall start prior to the commencement dates
specified in these notices.

The approval of the elements or any part of them shall not release the Contractor of his
sole and full responsibility for any error, mistake, flaw or defect that might be discovered
at a later stage. The Contractor shall also be responsible for the accurate dimensions
within the frame of tolerated deviations and for the quality of the work following erection.

All the assemblies, or part of them, disqualified by the COR, whether at the manufacturing
plant or at the structure's site, shall be repaired or replaced by the Contractor, according to
the COR instructions, without any contestation by the Contractor. Every laboratory test
shall be entered in the production ledgers and the COR shall be entitled to review the
documentation, whenever so requested by him.

For the Welding Quality Control, see paragraph 19035 below.

For the coating Quality Control, see paragraph 19049 below.

All the above quality control requirements shall be also applied to Field Fabrication.

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1901 Materials for Steel Structures

19010 General

All the structure's components shall be made of new steel, un-penetrated by rust. Only
surface rust shall be allowed provided it shall be under level "C," as defined in Standard
ISO 8501-1, in the "Rust Grades" paragraph.

The Contractor shall submit to the COR certificates related to each type of steel and its
source, as well as to the source of the other materials and products supplied by him. The
document shall certify that the steel stood up to the type and quality requirements defined
in the Contract Documents.

For materials for covering roofs and walls, see Sub-Chapter 1907 below.

19011 Welded Sections, Pipes and Sheet Metal

Sections and sheet metal shall stand up to the requirements of SI 1225 and be suited to
welding operations. Steel meant to be hot-zinc galvanized, shall suit in its chemical
composition, the galvanization process. A sample shall be supplied to the galvanization
shop, for ensuring the compatibility of the material to the galvanization process.

Thin-walled sections shall meet the requirements of BS 5950 and have a minimum
thickness of 2.5 mm.

Steel pipes shall meet the requirements of SI 1458.

Pipes with diameters up to 1.5" inclusive or square pipes with external dimensions of 50
mm inclusive, shall have a minimal thickness of 2 mm.

Pipes with diameter over 1.5" or of square cross-section with external dimensions above
50 mm shall have a minimum thickness of 2.9 mm.

Sheet metal for complex ceilings shall suit the requirements of the Special Specification.

Requirements for steel with special properties shall be as detailed in the Special
Specification.

Sheet metal for the covering of roofs and walls shall meet the requirements of SI 1508.

19012 "Sandwich" Components for the Construction

See detail in Sub-Chapter 1907 below.

19013 Bolts

Bolts for assembling structural components, their nuts and washers shall all conform to
the requirements of SI 1225, Part 1. The type of bolts and their protection for corrosion
shall be as stated in the Special Specification. Unless otherwise specified, the minimal
strength grade of the bolts shall be 5.6 and the coating of the bolts as detailed in paragraph
19047 below.

19014 Electrodes

See detail in paragraph 190031 above.

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1902 The Fabrication of Steel Structures

19020 General

The fabrication, assembling and erection shall be carried out in a professional, correct and
strict fashion, according to the Standards, the dimensions and the directives in the
Drawings that were approved by the COR. Prior to the start of the structure's fabrication,
the Contractor shall check all the dimensions in the Drawings, the type of materials, the
special conditions, the requirements in the Specification and the Drawings as well as the
restrictions prevailing in the Site.

19021 Templates

The templates needed for making the structure's components shall consist of steel, dry
wood, plywood or any other material approval by the COR. The templates shall be
manufactured by well-trained workers.

19022 Replacement of Sections

Should sections, pipes, etc., in the designed dimensions not be available, due to temporary
shortage or for any other reason, they may not be replaced by other elements unless
specific written authorization has been issued by the COR. The COR shall examine in
each case the data and the influence of the proposed replacement on the attachments and
on the stipulations of the Contract.

19023 The Fabrication of the Components

The fabrication shall be achieved with sections, entire pipes and sheet metal, of existing
standard dimensions.

Prior to the start of fabrication, the sections, pipes, sheet metal, etc. to be used for
assembling the components of the structure, shall be inspected and eventually
straightened, should it be necessary, by means of appropriate machines or tools. Should
the COR think that there is some bending in the sections, the pipes or the sheet metal, this
shall be a sufficient reason for rejecting them.

The fabrication tolerances shall be as indicated in the workshop drawings and the other
documents of the Contract. Unless otherwise specifically required in the Special
Specification or in the Drawings, the tolerances shall be as required in Standard BSI-
ENV-1090-1.

Should bending be required, it shall be achieved by means of an appropriate machine or

tools, as detailed in the Drawings.

The marking on the steel areas, shall be carried out with the help of templates that shall
ensure the required precision. Cutting shall be performed so as not to change the
properties of the materials.

Components up to 6 m shall consist of one single part.

Components longer than 6 m shall be executed according to details designed beforehand,

as shown in the Drawings and the Special Specification. In the lack of directives in the
Specification or the Drawings, the lengthening of pipes shall include an appropriate
inserted piece fitting the inner cross-section of the pipe. Such lengthening shall not be
executed without the written approbation of the COR.

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Welds shall be performed as described in Sub-Chapter 1903 below.

The testing of the welds shall be carried out in the shop, as described in paragraph 19035
below, prior to the transport of the components to the Site.

19024 Execution of Holes

It shall be allowed to punch holes for bolts with strength grade under 8.8, in components
having a thickness smaller than the size of the hole's diameter, provided that the punching
shall not distort the material. In all the other cases, the holes shall be drilled.

No holes shall be punched in splices.

It shall be forbidden to perform holes by means of an acetylene-oxygen burner, electrodes

nor plasma.

It shall be allowed to drill the holes or punch holes of diameters smaller than what shall be
needed and then to enlarge them by means of drills or reamers. It shall also be required to
drill or punch and then enlarge by drilling, holes for accurate bolts, if these bolts are
shown in the Drawings or are required for erection purposes. All the holes shall be
adjusted so as to allow easy passage of the bolts through them.

The diameter of enlarged holes or the size of lengthened holes shall meet the requirements
of SI 1225, Part 1.

In assemblies that shall be hot-dip zinc galvanized, consideration shall be given to the
thickness of the coating inside the bore.

Holes for bolts of all types shall have accurate shapes, be exactly perpendicular to the
contact surfaces of the connected parts, without cracks or other defects in their walls.
Burrs shall be removed and the walls of the bores shall be smooth and clean.

19025 The Mounting of Assemblies

Prior to starting mounting, the Contractor shall inspect all the parts. The mounting of
assemblies shall be executed on straight and clean assembling surfaces or tables, with the
use of fixed templates welded unto the tables. The mounting shall be executed so as to
ensure the conformity of the assemblies to the requirements of the design.

A mark shall be stamped on each assembly. Assemblies meant to be galvanized or painted

shall be equipped with a mark remaining visible after the completion of the process.

19026 Threaded Joints

The contact surfaces of parts joined together by means of bolts shall ensure full contact
between them and the holes in them shall be centered. No adjustment of holes using
punchers punched into them with the help of hammers or by other means such as a flame,
which could damage the walls of the holes or the steel in their vicinity.

The use of an appropriate reamer shall be allowed for adjusting holes, provided that the
diameters of the holes in the assembled piece shall be equal.

The length of the bolts shall be adjusted so that after the locking of the nut, the length of
the remaining part of the bolt beyond the nut shall be 2-3 threads. In the connection of
horizontal elements, the head of the bolt shall always be on top.

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Following the end of the assembling, all the bolts shall be strongly tightened, until the
contact between the surfaces connected as stated in the workshop and erection drawings is
obtained.

The tightening of high-resistance bolts shall be performed as required in the Special

Specification and in conformity with the requirements of SI 1225.

19027 Transport

The transport of the components to the Site shall start only following the issue of the
COR's approval. The ready components shall be loaded and arranged on the transport
equipment, so that their shape, their integrity and that of the coating layers are insured.
They shall be bound together, using supports, belts and wooden spacers, so as to prevent
their bending, twisting or any other hits or damage that may occur during the transport.

These rules apply also to unloading, haulage and storing on the Site.

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1903 Welding

19030 General

The welds shall be executed according to the Drawings and the Welding Procedures as
required in paragraph 19003 above.

19031 Welding Equipment

The welding equipment shall be for electrical arc-welding, suited to the types of
electrodes, include precise control instrumentation for checking the current (for the
electrodes quality, see paragraph 190031 above) and tools for cleaning and for removing
rejected joints, safety equipment, etc. The equipment shall be kept in good shape and
ready for use, to the satisfaction of the COR.

The electrodes shall be stored, in their original packing, in a dry place protected from
climatic influences. Should the packing be open for over four hours, the electrodes shall
be dried in an oven. Electrodes that came into contact with humidity or were damaged in
any way may not be used.

Should a continuous wire be used for the welding, appropriate equipment shall be used.

19032 Licensed Welders

Only experienced welders shall be employed; they shall have successfully passed the test
as per SI 127 and be equipped with valid certificates, defining the types of welds they are
qualified to perform. The employment of a welder shall be restricted to the types of welds
indicated in his Certificate.

According to SI 127, Part 1:

"An authorized Body: An approved laboratory or an authorized laboratory, in which

welders are granted licenses."

"The validity of the license: The validity of a welder's license starts from the date on
which all the required tests are successfully accomplished. This date may be different
from that of the day on which the Certificate was issued. The licensing of a welder shall
remain valid for a period of two years, provided that a relevant certificate shall be re-
signed every six months by the employer or his empowered representative and provided
that all the following conditions shall be fulfilled:

a) The welder shall be continuously engaged in welding works within the range in
which he got his license, as indicated there. An interruption of less than six months
shall be acceptable;

b) The welder's work shall generally suit the Technical Conditions into which the
licensing testing was carried out;

c) There shall be no particular reason for doubting the skill and knowledge-ability of
the welder.

Should one of the above conditions not be met, the licensing shall be cancelled."

"Prolongation: It shall be possible to extend the validity of the licensing in the Certificate
for an additional period of two years, within the original range of the licensing, provided

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that all the following conditions are met (in accordance to what is stated above on the
subject of the validity of licensing):

a) The production welds of the welder meet the required quality;

b) The Testing Reports, such as of X-ray or Ultrasound Tests or Fracture Testing

Reports, of remarks from the authorized representative of the employer, shall be kept
in a file, together with the Welder's Licensing Certificate.

The authorizing Body shall check conformance to the conditions detailed above and sign
the prolongation of the welder's license."

19033 The Preparation of Surfaces Before the Welding

The edges of the components that are to be welded shall be smooth, uniform, without
tears, cracks and other lacks of conformity. The area to be welded and its vicinity (at least
50 mm from the joint's side) shall be cleaned from oxides, slag, paint, rust, humidity, all
types of greases, concrete remains, or any other foreign material that may hinder the
welding.

The contact lines between the components to be welded shall fit one another, while
adequate means are used for maintaining the gap between them during the welding
operation, as indicated in the Drawings. The minimal gap shall be 1 mm but not more than
3 mm.

19034 Performance of the Welding

190340 General

The welding shall be executed as detailed above and under a current strength within the
range recommended by the electrodes Manufacturer, according to the type of electrode,
the welding posture and the thickness of the welded material. All this shall be in
accordance with the Welding Procedures, as required in paragraph 19030 above.

The welding of components 20 mm thick and above requires pre-heating of the steel.

The length of active welds or of the section of a weld shall be at least 50 mm. In order to
make it easier to ensure a uniform thickness of the joint, the execution shall be in a
horizontal posture, as far as possible, with the electrode being above the joint and welds
above head shall be avoided. Weld spatter shall also be avoided on surfaces not meant to
be welded. The electrodes and the parts meant to be welded must be totally dry. The
heating of electrodes for drying shall be carried out according to the instructions of the
electrode's Manufacturer. The electrodes shall be heated prior to the start of the welding
operation.

Whenever the temperature of the environment or of the steel shall be under 5ºC, it shall be
allowed to perform welding only following a special approbation by the COR and the pre-
heating of the steel.

Should a stress-release by means of thermal treatment be required, the release shall be

carried out according to the requirements of the Special Specification. The final
mechanical treatment shall be done following the thermal treatment. Upon completion of
the welding, it shall be forbidden to hurry the cooling down of the welded components by
pouring water unto them.

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190341 Extension of sections, pipes and sheet metal

The extension of elements shall be carried out as described in paragraph 19023 above. The
welding shall be done at the shop only and this after that the COR shall be convinced that
all the means for ensuring full penetration have been used. Parts welded in the shop
without prior approbation of the COR shall be rejected.

190342 The order of the welding operations and the layers

Care shall be given to the right order of the operations and to the direction of the welding
progress, which shall be arranged so as to minimize deformations and stress, while
ensuring expansion freedom in the course of the welding operation up to the latest
possible moment, according to the COR approved Welding Procedures.

The joints shall be full and correct as far as their shape and the number of layers are
concerned, all this according to the workshop drawings and as required in Standard AWS-
D1.1.

190343 The welding works

There must be a good adjustment between surfaces meant to be welded and this
particularly along spatial curves and in contact places of the structure's components. The
maximal gap between the edges of elements to be welded shall not exceed 3 mm, except
for full penetration welding.

The lack of adjustment between the faces of components welded by contact welding shall
not exceed ten percent of the thinnest element not 3 mm. Should the lack of adjustment be
higher than the above rate, the protruding material shall be ground at a slope of 1:24, with
the prior consent of the COR.

In contact joints, the gap between the edges of the components during the performance of
the weld shall be kept between 1 to 3 mm.

Components welded by full penetration weld shall be brought into close contact, the gap
being under 5 mm. Electrode cores or constructive steel shall not be used for filling in
grooves. Should a groove too wide be created, it shall be widened to a dimension that shall
enable the proper welding of a piece of steel having the same properties as those of the
welded component.

The gap between surfaces to be welded on top of a supporting strip shall be from 6 to 10
mm.

Prior to the welding, all the picks created for the erection shall be ground. The welding
material shall fit the whole volume of the groove or the bevel up to up to the surface of the
welded element, with no dimples or pores. In order to ensure full thickness of the joint all
along its length, it shall be extended beyond the welded component on top of temporary
extension plate having a length equal to at least three times the thickness of the joint.

Interrupted joints shall be allowed in full penetration welds and in contact joints only in
those places indicated in the Drawings. In corrosive areas, interruptions in contact welds
shall not be allowed.

No contact welds shall be executed that require full penetration, in gas welding.

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Upon completion of the welding works, the splashes and slag remains shall be thoroughly
removed.

19035 Welding Quality Control

190350 General

Upon completion of the welding operations each weld shall be visually tested (VT).

Non-destructive tests shall be performed if requested in the Special Specification.

Non-destructive tests shall be as detailed hereinafter:

a) Radiographic Testing (RT) to be performed according to Standard AWS-D1.1.

b) Magnetic Particles Testing (MT) to be performed according to Standard ASTM-E-

1444.

c) Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT) to be performed according to Standard ASTM-E-1417.

d) Ultrasonic Testing (UT) to be performed according to Standard AWS-D1.1.

190351 Visual Testing

The visual testing (VT) shall start upon the completion of the weld and following its
cooling down to the temperature of the environment. The testing shall be carried as
required in Standard ANSI/AWS-D1.1. In the Standard there is distinction between
dynamic and static loading. The main requirements in the above Standard concerning
static loads are as follows:

a) There shall be no cracks;

b) Good fusion between the welding layers and the weld metal and the basic metal;

c) All the depressions shall be full up to the level of the full welded section, except for
the edges of the full penetration weld beyond their active length;

d) Splitting

1. In metal up to 25 mm thick – the splits shall not exceed 1 mm;

2. Splits 1.6 mm deep shall be allowed when their total length in a 300 mm long
strip shall not exceed 50 mm;

3. In metal over 25 mm thick – the depth of the split shall not exceed 1.6 mm.

e) Pores in full penetration welds and in contact welds:

1. In a 250 mm long weld, the total of the pores voids diameters shall not exceed 10
mm (pore with 1 mm diameter and over);

2. In a 30 mm weld, the total of the pores voids diameters shall not exceed 19 mm
(pore with 1 mm diameter and over);

3. In contact welds perpendicular to the tension force, pores shall not be allowed;

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f) At the ends of assembled beams made of sheet metal, the reduction of the welding
cross-section thickness shall not be allowed at any end, to a length exceeding twice
the width of the branch;

g) Shortage of weld thickness – In a continuous full penetration weld, the shortage of

weld thickness of the weld shall not exceed 1.6 mm, provided that the length of the
section in which there is a shortage of thickness shall not exceed ten percent of the
weld's length.

The requirements concerning dynamic loads shall be as detailed in the Special

Specification. Unless otherwise specified, the requirements shall be as detailed in
Standard ANSI/AWS-D1.1.

The results of the visual test shall be entered into the Daily Report. The Contractor shall
not be allowed to carry on with works such as painting, galvanizing or galvanization
repair and erection, if the visual inspection and the required corrections resulting form it
have not been executed.

190352 Non-destructive tests

Non-destructive tests required in the Special Specification shall be carried out after the
successful passing of the visual tests, as per paragraph 190351 above.

The type of test, the sample for the test and the acceptance/rejection conditions shall be as
indicated in the Special Specification and according to the Standards mentioned above.
The tests shall be carried out by an approved laboratory.

The Contractor shall grant to the testers the full help and services needed for the
performance of the tests, such as ladders, working surfaces, etc.

The COR shall be entitled to require additional non-destructive tests, that shall be carried
out according to the requirements of the Standards in paragraph 190350 above.

19036 Treatment of Defective Welds

The treatment of defective welds shall be as follows:

a) Should defects be uncovered as the result of testing, the COR shall be entitled to
increase the number of samples to the best of his judgment, but to not less than what
is required in Standard AWS-D1.1, so as to ensure the uncovering of all the defective
welds or to check that the said defect does not appear in similar components and
similar conditions.

b) Should defects be uncovered in visual tests or non-destructive tests, the welds shall
be corrected. The Contractor shall submit procedures for correcting welds to the
COR, for approval. The defective spot shall be ground down to the uncovering of
undamaged white metal and then the welding shall be executed again.

The corrected welds shall be tested by a method similar to that of the first testing, on
a number of samples as defined in the Standard. Whenever a random test fails, two
additional tests on locations in the same weld as far away as possible from the first
one, shall be performed. Should the results be defective, again, a 100% radiography
shall be carried out. Should the renewed weld not stand up to the tests, the COR shall
be entitled to reject the components and require their replacement.

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c) In any case in which there is some doubt as for the quality of the welds, work shall
be interrupted in that same section or component until the completion of all the tests
and the execution of the corrections, as required.

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1904 Zinc Coating of the Steel

19040 General

The present sub-chapter describes the zinc-coating of components in steel structures by

the following methods:

a) Hot-dip galvanization, as per SI 918;

b) Coating by zinc-spraying;

c) Electrolytic (allowed for small items only);

d) Coating by the Schroeder method (thermo-diffusion process), according to SI 4271;

e) Painting with zinc-rich paint according to details in the Special Specification.

In each one of the methods, prior consideration shall be given to the geometrical shape of
the item, so that there shall be no focuses for the formation of corrosion and that uniform
coating shall be obtainable.

Should galvanization be required in the Special Specification, the galvanization shall be

executed by one of the above methods. Unless otherwise specified in one of the Contract
Documents, the coating method shall be by immersion into hot-zinc.

Prior to the start of the coating, the detailing of the item shall be completed and the surface
be prepared as described below with respect to each method.

For the coating of bolts, see paragraph 19047 below.

19041 Preparation of Components for their Galvanization

The Contractor shall make sure, prior to the galvanization, that the components can be
immersed in the bath. The galvanization of components that cannot be fully immersed,
due to their size, shall be carried out in two stages, but subject to prior written
authorization by the COR.

It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to perform holes for the release of gases and
zinc, in coordination with the galvanization shop and subject to the COR's approval.

The holes shall be performed by drilling only.

19042 Preparation of the Faces of the Components for their Galvanization

Prior to the preparation process the faces of the components shall be cleaned from
shavings, slag, welding and paint splashes (including marking paints).

Whenever the required coating is by immersion in hot zinc or electrolytic coating, the
cleaning shall be executed by means of abrasive material, if so required in the Special
Specification.

Should the required coating be by zinc spraying, the cleaning shall be performed by means
of abrasive material to level B.Sa.3 at least, according to Standard ISO 8501.1

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For zinc-rich paint coating according to paragraph 19044 below, the cleaning shall be
performed with abrasive material, to level B.Sa.2.5.

19043 Galvanization

The galvanization process shall be according to the requirements of SI 918.

The thickness of the coating by immersion into hot zinc shall be as defined in SI 918.

Should a galvanization with a thickness above the required in SI 918 be needed, the
galvanization shall be performed only according to the method and details indicated in the
Special Specification.

19044 Painting with Zinc-Rich Paint

Painting with zinc-rich paint shall be performed according to the requirements of the
Special Specification. The paint shall contain zinc at a rate of at least 65% the weight of
the solids, while the total weight of the solids shall be at least 78% of the paint's weight.

19045 Corrections of the Galvanization

If following the galvanization, changes must be made in the structure (cutting, boring,
welding), whether at the shop or on the Site, the galvanization shall need to be corrected.
The correction shall consist of steel brush cleaning for at least 5 cm beyond the zone of
the correction to be immediately followed by painting with zinc-rich paint, as defined in
paragraph 19044 above, up to a thickness exceeding by at least 30 micrometers the
existing thickness of the galvanization of the said component.

The correction of defects in the galvanization shall be allowed subject to the requirements
of Standard ISO 1461.

The correction of the galvanization following a welding, with aluminum paint shall not be
allowed.

19046 Coating by Zinc Spraying

The coating by zinc spraying shall be performed according to the requirements of

Standard BS EN-22063. If not otherwise required, the minimal thickness shall be 100
micrometers.

19047 Coating of Bolts and Washers

In the absence of another requirement in the Special Specification, all the bolts, nuts and
washers shall be industrially coated by the electrolytic method with zinc or cadmium,
provided that the coating shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of SI
1380.

19048 Zinc Coating by the Thermo-Diffusion Process

Should it be so required in the Special Specification, the zinc coating by thermo-diffusion

process (Schroeder Method) shall be performed according to the requirements of SI 4271
and as detailed in the Special Specification.

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 19 (2000)

19049 Quality Control of the Coating

The size of the sampling shall be as detailed in Standard ISO 1461, unless there is some
other requirement in the Special Specification.

The measuring of the coating layer, in each of the methods mentioned above, shall be
carried out in accordance to each method, as required in SI 265, SI 266, SI 918, SI 1380 or
Standard BS ENV-22063

The Contractor shall clean up galvanized surfaces from flux remains and dross. The
coating shall look smooth, of uniform color, without rugged areas nor sharp edge arises.

Should defects in the galvanization or the coating be revealed, such as thickness smaller
than the required one or dross layers, the components shall not be approved for erection.

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1905 Painting

19050 General

In the absence of another specific requirement in the Special Specification, the painting
works shall be executed as detailed in Chapter 11 – Paint Works.

The painting shall be executed in the shop, except for the upper finishing layer that shall
be executed on Site. The upper layer shall be painted following the execution of painting
corrections.

Should the Contractor wish to complete all the painting in the shop, he shall have to seek
prior written approbation of the COR. Even if the painting shall be fully completed in the
shop, all the corrections needed following transport and erections shall be executed with
paints and according to the painting method used for the original painting works.

Should the Contractor apply for permission to paint on Site and that suitable conditions
for painting are to be found on Site, he shall seek prior approval of the COR.

The painting of galvanized surfaces ("duplex" system) shall be executed according to the
requirements of the Special Specification.

Shaped sheet metal for roofing and covering shall be galvanized and painted as
requirements in paragraph 19071 below.

Should a fire-proof coating be required with the combination of a corrosion-proof

protection of the steel structure, it shall be executed as defined in the Special
Specification.

19051 Paint Correction

A thorough inspection shall be carried out, prior to the erection of the steel structure, of
the faces of the whole painted surface and of the corrections of places where the paint was
damaged. At the first stage, cleaning of the damaged area shall be achieved by means of
an electrical steel brush or by another approved mechanical tool, until the appearance of a
uniform and clean shining metallic surface and then to be followed by the painting
operation, in accordance with the paint layers required in the Special Specification. The
COR shall determine the spots requiring correction.

All the paint corrections shall be done on the ground, prior to the hoisting of the structure
to its place.

Following the erection, only defects created during the erection shall be corrected.

In all the places where a correction shall be needed, the paint layers shall extend by at
least 5 cm beyond the edge of the surface in which the correction shall be required.

For components oven-painted with powder paint, the corrections on site shall be
performed in the adequate colors.

19052 Painting with Zinc-Rich Paint

The painting shall be carried out as detailed in paragraph 19044 above.

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1906 Erection of the Structure

19061 Dispatch and Storage

As stated in paragraph 19027 above, the dispatch of the components from the shop shall
be subject to the COR's approval. The components shall be stored on Site, in an organized
and protected way.

19062 Control During Erection

Besides the control at the Manufacturer's shop, a repeated control of the components shall
be performed on Site. Components that shall not fit the Drawings or the situation
prevailing on site or that were damaged in the course of transportation, storage or erection
or in which defects unnoticed in the shop were revealed, shall be rejected for use and
returned to the shop for correction or replacement. The performance of corrections on site
shall not be permitted, except in unordinary cases which, to the mind of the COR, enable
it without impairing quality. The COR's view on this subject shall be final and binding.

19063 Erection

The erection shall be carried out according to the erection drawings. Any equipment used
for the erection shall be in good condition and fit for use. Effective means shall be
employed for protecting the contact locations of the components with the equipment so as
to prevent damage in those places. The stability of the components and the structure as
well as that of the hoisting equipment shall be ensured; all safety rules shall be followed.

At each stage of the erection, care shall be given to the support, the reinforcement and the
right temporary attachments. The final attachment of the components shall be carried out
only following the examination of accuracy in all the directions. The supports and
reinforcement shall not be removed prior to the execution of the final attachments
including the inspection of the securing of each bolt of the structure, all as required in the
erection drawings.

19064 Erection Tolerances

The erection tolerances shall be as indicated in the erection drawings and the other
Contract Documents. In the absence of a specific requirement in the Special Specification
or in the Drawings, the tolerances shall be as required in Standard BS ENV-1090-1.

19065 Attachments to Concrete Parts

The attachments to concrete parts shall be performed according to the erection drawings.
The accuracy in the location of the attachments shall be ensured by the use of templates
prepared beforehand. Unless otherwise specified, the base-plates shall be installed atop the
steel elements set into the concrete, according to the Drawings, during the casting
operations. There shall be holes in the base-plates for the release of air and the control of
the grout-raising, so as to make sure that the void under the base-plate shall be full of
grout. The wedges for the final leveling of the base-plate shall consist of steel only.

The filling of the void under the base-plate, following the completion of the erection and
leveling works of the structure shall consist of ready-made cement mortar, lean and
unshrinking (an industrialized product) or of polymeric material, as indicated in one of the
Contract Document.

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 19 (2000)

Anchors into existing concrete shall be executed as indicated in one of the Contract
Documents.

19066 Fire Protection

The protection from fire shall be executed as indicated in the Special Specification.

19067 Grounding

The grounding shall be executed as required in the Contract Documents and specified in
Sub-Chapter "Grounding and Other Protections" of Chapter 08 – Electrical Installations.

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 19 (2000)

1907 Covering of Roofs and Walls

19070 General

The present sub-chapter deals with the covering of buildings (roofs and walls) with steel
plates and transparent plates combined into the covering. Thermal and acoustic insulation
of the buildings is not included here, and it requires description in the Special
Specification. The use of other materials shall be carried out as required in the Special
Specification or one of the other Contract Documents.

The Contractor shall prepare workshop and erection drawings (see paragraph 19003
above), the design shall include the details of the sheet metal, the details of the covering of
the roofs and the walls, the repartition of the plates, the shape of the attachment of the
sheet metal, accessories, flashings, elastic sealers for closing the front of waving plates,
gutters, etc., as well as the methods for the installation.

All the plates shall be new, entire and uniform in their color. Defective or cracked plates
which, to the opinion of the COR, comprise defects which may impair the watertightness
or the appearance of the roof shall be removed from the Site by the Contractor and he
shall supply other plates, as required.

The installation of the covering plates shall ensure full tightness of the surfaces against the
penetration of water.

19071 Sheet Metal

190711 Shaped sheet metal

Shaped sheet metal shall meet the requirements of SI 1508, the plates being industrially
galvanized and painted.

The minimal thickness of the sheet metal shall be 0.75 mm for the roof and 0.55 mm for
the walls. The length of the plates shall be maximal so as to reduce the number of
overlaps. The minimal longitudinal overlap shall be 15 cm, while the transversal ones
shall be according to the instructions of the Manufacturer.

190712 Industrial accessories

All the required accessories, such as flashings, gutter spout closures, wall corners
closures, outlets from the roof for pipes or ventilation openings shall be industrialized
parts. Should industrialized products be missing, the Contractor shall be allowed to offer
other products, to the approval of the COR.

The various sealing accessories made of rubber or neoprene, or the various sealing
materials needed for the perfect sealing of the roof shall be as indicated in one of the
Contract Documents or according to the recommendations of the Manufacturer of the
covering plates, as shall be shown in the erection drawings.

The above sealing accessories shall be supplied together with the covering plates.

Bolts shall meet the requirements of SI 1508. The thickness of the metal for the above
accessories shall be 0.75 mm.

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 19 (2000)

190713 The cover of roofs and walls with shaped sheet metal

The installation of the plates shall be carried out according to the Contract Documents and
the instructions of the Manufacturer. In any case, the maximal distance between the plates
attachment to one another shall not exceed 500 mm. In areas of increased air suction, the
distance shall not exceed 250 mm.

The installation of the plate shall be done carefully by cautious means so as to prevent
damage to the plates, the paint and the galvanization.

Following the performance of a hole or a cut, the shavings shall be immediately removed
from the plates.

The walls corners shall be covered by corner-plates installed together with the walls plates
unto ears close to them.

190714 The sealing of a roof covered with plates

In the overlaps between the plates, in all the directions, rubber or neoprene sealants shall
be installed prior to the attachment of the plates to the roof's purlins or of the plates
between them. The areas on which the sealants shall be attached must be clean, dry,
without grease stains, the whole performance being as per the Manufacturer's instructions.

In places indicated on the erection drawings, rubber or neoprene strips with shapes and
dimensions similar to the plate's cross-section, shall be installed and this in order to ensure
full tightness between the contact surfaces.

Should there be installations expected to be erected on the roof (see paragraph 19074
below), the sealing detailing shall be executed according to the erection drawings.

19072 Shaped Non-Metal Plates

The cover of roofs and walls with shaped non-metal plates consisting of materials such as
chloric polyvinyl, polycarbonate or fiberglass shall be carried out according to the details
in the Drawings or in one of the Contract Documents.

19073 The Cover of Roofs and Walls with Clad Sheet Metal "Sandwich"
Components for the Building

"Sandwich" components for the cover of roofs and walls indicated above, are made up of
two external cladding sheet metal layers with a core between them. The components shall
meet the requirements of the following Israeli Standards Institution Specifications (the
thickness of the component and the type of core shall be as indicated in the Special
Specification):

a) SII Specification 203, Part 1 – "Sandwich" Component for the Building: Components
with Rigid Foamed Polyurethane Core

b) SII Specification 203, Part 2 – "Sandwich" Component for the Building: Components
with Core Made of Rigid Foamed Polystyrene or Rock Wool or Both

The sheet metal and the bolts (self-threaded bolts) shall meet the requirements of SI 1508.

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 19 (2000)

The sheet metal shall be industrially galvanized and painted. The galvanization of the
sheet metal and their painting shall be as required in SI 1508. The "2" corrosion resistance
level shall be performed if required in the Special Specification.

The normal thickness of the sheet metal shall be as follows:

In walls – for the external sheet metal 0.6 mm, for the internal one 0.5 mm.

In roofs – for the upper sheet metal 0.75 mm, for the lower one 0.5 mm.

The sealing material between the components shall be indicated in one of the Contract
Documents or according to the recommendations of the components Manufacturer as
indicated in the erection drawings and be supplied together with the covering materials.

The marking on the components and all the details in the Bill of Lading shall be as
indicated in SII 203. In any case, the marking shall be of the sheet metal thickness. On
each component, it shall be marked whether it is for use on the wall or on the roof and its
outer and inner side shall be indicated.

Should the need arise for cutting a component on Site, the edge of the cut shall be covered
by sheet metal identical to that of the component. The details of the closure shall be
according to the instructions of the Manufacturer. The cutting of the components, should it
be required, shall be done by means of a teeth-saw (and not by disk).

In the case of erection, attention shall be given so that the distance of the bolts from the
edge of the components and the distances between the bolts fit the Manufacturer's
directives.

Should it happen that a bore was drilled in a component at a place where there is no
purlin, its closure shall be with appropriate bolts with washers and neoprene sealers.

19074 Installations on Roofs

Installations on roofs such as antennas, sun-collectors, structures for air conditioning, etc.,
shall be combined with the roof according to the drawings and Special Specifications.
During erection, care shall be given to the integrity of the roofs cover and insulation.

19075 Chimneys and Aeration Vents

Chimneys and aeration vents shall be installed on roofs as required in the drawings.
Chimneys on roofs with sheet metal cover shall consist of sheet metal or plastic to be
supplied by the Manufacturer of the sheet metal plates and installed according to his
instructions.

19076 Valley Gutters

Open gutters shall be installed along the roof's valleys, with full cover of their edges and
supported along their whole length by galvanized steel devices fixed unto the roof
structure. The gutters shall be attached to the plates in such a way so as to prevent water
penetration at the joints.

19077 Gutters and Collectors

Rainwater gutters and collections shall be performed according to the requirements in the
Drawings and the Special Specification.

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19078 Rainwater Pipes

Rainwater pipes shall be executed according to the requirements of Chapter 07 – Sanitary

Installations.

19079 Watertightness Tests

Should a watertightness test be required in the Special Specification, it shall be performed

as required in SI 1476, Part 3.

In all cases of leaks, humidity stains and accompanying appearances of lack of

watertightness, whenever this is the result of defective execution of the work, the
Contractor shall be committed to correct the cover and he shall bear all the direct and
indirect damages caused to the building and its contents.

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1900.00 – Take-Off Procedures for Steel Structures Works

1900.1 General

Steel structures works shall be measured with differentiation between the steel structure
and the roof and walls cover.

Besides whatever is stated in the "Prices Contents" paragraph in Chapter 00 –

Preliminaries, the prices indicated in the Bill of Quantities shall be considered as
including all that is stated hereinafter, unless should it be specifically indicated otherwise
in one of the Contract Documents:

a) The steel structures works shall be taken off net, as they are complete and set at their
place in the building, according to their total theoretical weight, in tons. Purlins shall
be taken off separately. The weight shall be determined according to the Drawings.
No differences in weight, cutting losses, waste, weight of welds, paint and
galvanization, shall be taken into consideration. The weight of the steel shall be
calculated according to 7.85 ton per cu.m.;

b) Bolts shall be weighed in the structure's weight according to the above steel weight
(7.85 ton/cu.m.) and at the same unit price;

c) Unless otherwise specified, the steel structure and the various coverings unit prices
include their production detailed design as well as their erection and the completion
of the building on Site;

d) The price of the various structures also includes the cost of the preparations,
straightening, templates, marking, cutting, cleaning, welding (including the
preparation of Welding Procedures), punching or drilling of holes, detailing the faces
as required in the drawings, erection and various attachments except for the
anchoring, see paragraph 1900.08 below.

e) All the packing, transport, erection, supports, and temporary reinforcements and
attachments.

The prices also include the cost of repeated testing of rejected welds, corrections of welds,
galvanization and painting, replacement of rejected elements and components, assistance
to the testers and the laboratories.

Alternatives applying to the painting and galvanization are to be found in paragraphs

1900.02-1900.03.

The works in paragraph 1900.04-1900.12 shall be taken off separately or as supplements

to the paragraphs below.

1900.2 Painting

The painting of the steel structures, including painting over galvanization shall be
measured by one of the two following alternatives:

a) The painting shall be included in the price of the structure's weight;

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b) The painting shall be separated from the structure, according to the weight of the
steel to be painted.

Unless otherwise stated in the Special Specification, the painting shall be taken-off
according to alternative a) above.

The cleaning of the steel structure by any means whatsoever: brushes, abrasive material or
other materials, shall be included in the painting price, as detailed in Chapter 11 – Paint
Works.

1900.3 Galvanization

The galvanization of the steel structures shall be measured by one of the two following
alternatives:

a) The galvanization shall be included in the price of the structure's weight;

b) The galvanization shall be separated from the structure, according to the weight of
the steel to be painted.

Unless otherwise stated in the Special Specification, the galvanization shall be taken-off
according to alternative a) above.

The submittal of a sample of the material to the galvanization shop, for approval of
compatibility of the material to the galvanization process, shall be included in the price,
unless otherwise required in the Special Specification.

1900.4 Purlins

The purlins shall be taken off in tons, with indication of their cross-section. The price shall
include galvanized attachment sheet metal and attachment means, as detailed in the
Drawings.

1900.5 Covering of Roofs or Walls with Shaped or "Sandwich" plates

There shall be a differentiation made between the covering of the roofs and that of the
walls, but all the rules for measuring the covering and regarding the contents of the price
are the same in both cases.

Besides whatever is stated in paragraph 1900.01 above, the prices of the covering of the
roofs or walls include fixation, accessories such as bolts of various types, temporary
bridging plates, sealing means, etc.

The price of covering steel and sandwich plates includes both galvanization and painting.

The covering shall be measured net in sq.m. of covered area (sloping areas, as well).
Cutting losses, waste, overlaps or additions for waves lengths, chimney areas, ventilation
openings, etc., shall not be taken off and shall not be deducted from the overall area. The
price shall also include skew cutting of plates for any purpose whatsoever and in any
component of the cover, as well as the detailing required around openings.

The area of openings larger than 0.5 sq.m. shall be deducted from the overall surface.

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 19 (2000)

1900.6 Covering with Non-Metallic Plates

Covering with non-metallic plates shall be measured in sq.m. of the covered area
(including sloping areas), as supplement to the price of the appropriate covering, which
was taken off in the above paragraph. The price shall also include the required sealing
means and attachments, all according to the instructions of the Special Specification.

1900.7 Base Boards

Base boards shall be taken off as units, as detailed in paragraph 1900.01 above. The prices
of the bases shall include the steel required for leveling and the filling under the base
boards, as detailed in the Contract Documents.

1900.8 Foundation Bolts or Anchors

Foundation bolts, including the nuts and their locking, that attach the structure to the
concrete or other building material of the foundations (except steel) or anchors for
attaching the structure to walls, beams or columns made of concrete or other building
materials (except steel), shall be taken off separately as units. The price also includes the
cost of filling depressions, holes and sleeves of the anchors or underneath appropriate
bases with material, as required in the Contract Documents.

1900.9 Ridges

Ridges, both on top or in shoulders, shall be taken off in meters. The price shall also
include the sealers and the fixation and attachment means required.

1900.10 Gutters of all Kinds

Gutters of all kinds (valley or other) shall be taken off in meters, with indication of the
sheet metal width and thickness. The price shall also include the cost of fixing the gutters
as well as the sealing and attachment means required and the painting. All this, according
to the instructions of the Special Specification.

Collectors shall be taken off as units.

1900.11 Industrialized Parts

Industrialized parts of all kinds shall be taken off as units or in meters, according to the
type, with the indication of the wall's thickness.

a) Chimneys, ventilation openings, etc., shall be taken off as units;

b) Closures ("flashings") of all types, shall be taken off in meters with indication of the
developed width.

1900.12 Rainwater Pipes

Rainwater pipes shall be taken off as detailed in Chapter 07 – Sanitary Installations.

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