Sentences with one clause

Day 1
1. Kalimat harus memiliki 1 subject dan 1 verb
2. Tidak boleh double subject and verb
Subject
1. Noun : book, car, merry, people, bayu, putri
2. Pronoun : they, we , i, you, he , she, it, someone, nothing
3. Noun phrase (adjective+noun): the beautiful girl, an expensive car
4. Noun clause : - skiippp duluuu~
5. Gerund (Ving) : i like singing, singing is my hobby
Watering flower is my daily routine

Verb
1. Ordinary (kata kerja asli) : sleep, Work, run, etc
(V1, V2, V3, Ving, Vs/es)
2. Auxiliary (kata kerja bantu)
a. Primary : do, does, did, have, has, had
b. To be : is , am, are, was, were, been, be, being
c. Modal : must, can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might,
ought to, had better

Have, Has, had

1. Mempunyai- (noun)
Eg: i have a car, she has a flower
2. Sudah- (v3)
Eg: they have eaten
3. Harus- (to + V1)
Eg: i have to go, he has to leave

John ate a pizza last night

They go to school everyday
Clausa
1. Independent (induk kalimat) yaitu kalimat yang bisa berdiri sendiri [Main
Clause]
2. Dependent ( anak kalimat) yaitu kalimat yang tidak bisa berdiri sendiri
[sub clause]
I cook rice (s v)
But you sleep (conj. S v)
I cook rice, but you sleep

Was : i, she, he, it, benda tunggal

Were : you, they, we, benda jamak

To + verb1 (as noun)

S+V
She, he, it, benda tunggal + V1s/es
She speaks english
They, we, i, you, benda jamak + V1

Modal + V1 (aktif) :
She can speak english ( benar)
She can speaks english (salah)
Modal + be + V3 (pasif)
I can eat rice (aktif)
Rice can be eaten by me (pasif)

Day 2

Preposition : kata depan

Contohnya : in, at, of, on, .............
About: tentang
From : dari
Between : antara
After : setelah
Before : sebelum
Until : sampai
Object of preposition adalah object yang mengikuti kata depan.
At home (object of preposition)
On Friday (object of preposition)
Objectnya bisa berupa noun, pronoun, gerund
With my girlfriend
Kenapa disuruh suruh hati-hati
1. Karena object of preposition tidak bisa menjadi subject
2. Object of preposition hanya berfungsi sebagai keterangan saja
3. Tidak boleh ada verb setelah object of preposition. (kecuali jika
sudah ada subectnya)

After his exams tom will take a trip.

In my opinion we should buy her a new jacket.
In the summer the trip to  the mountains is our favorite trip

A, an, dan the (article) : membatasi benda.

At this school (object preposition)

In the past a career in politics

At the building site the carpenters with the most....
Appositive
1. Appositive berfungsi menjelaskan subject
2. Karena menjelaskan subject, maka appositive tidak bisa
menjadi subject.
3. Ciri cirinya selalu diapit koma
4. Appositive berbentuk noun, noun phrase,
5. Appositive tidak boleh berbentuk kalimat. (S + V)

Sally, the best student in the class, got an A on the exam.

S, Appositive, V ( pola appositive 1)
Mother’s Day, December 22, is celebrated by every woman all of
the world.
December 22, Mother’s day is celebrated by every woman all of the
world.

Appositive, S V (pola appositive 2)

....... , sarah rarely misses her basketball shots
Day 3 Present Participles (V+ing)
Participles

Past Participles (V3)

Participles (istilah lain dari Ving dan V3)

Kenapa disuruh hati-hati
1. Karena Ving dapat berfungsi sebagai kata kerja (Verb) dan kata
sifat(Adjective)
- Ving yang kata kerja, pasti diawali to be (is, am are, was, were, be, been)
- Kalau tidak ada to be, berarti bukan kata kerja.

The man is talking to his friend.

The man talking to his friend has a beard.

1. The girl is sleeping in my room.

2. The girl sleeping in my room is my friend.
3. The girl reading a book in the corner is my sister.

The teacher will be teaching at my class. (verb)

The teacher teaching at my class is very smart. (adjective)
Teaching is her job. (gerund as subject)
Her job is teaching at my school
Kenapa disuruh hati hati dengan past participles
1. Past participles (V3) dapat berfungsi sebagai kata kerja (Verb) dan kata
sifat (Adjective)
V3 bisa jadi kata kerja bila diawali (have, has, had, is, am, are, was, were, be,
being)
Ketika tidak diawali to be aux, maka bukan kata kerja tetapi kata sifat.

1. The family has purchased a television.

2. The television purchased yesterday was expensive.

Regular (ed) Purchase – purchased – purchased

Paint -painted - painted
Irregular Buy bought bought
Pay paid paid
Teach taught taught
Build built built

She painted this picture yesterday

My mom purchased tv last month
The souvenir purchased yesterday was unique
The book paid by my dad was expensive
The teacher taught many lessons at class
The teacher has taught many lessons to us
The building built yesterday was luxury