all i] Adverb ¢ MARTENS AAAAMARVASAERD OMOMKE, MBL LS MAT SR RH EH BK KSAK BA MEME. PNR, RSME RLM ATT RCNA OMA LHS. The most important usage of adverbs is to serve as an adverbial modifier before verbs or adjective components. From semantic perspective, adverbs can indicate time, scope, degree, manner, tone, frequency and negation. Learners should pay special attention to the adverbs similar in meaning, and grasp their differences in meaning and usage. EFstb9 Examination Points 1. AR BOR I ARSE benlai RR yuanlai $i] Examples CARA. Ma | RAR. HOR | 1. RAST RARE RAB AMAR A id, ARE | AE EH ATM tte aA BRR | BOREL Ho“ F eH. AA iM RCH Fei. @T. Adjective, indicating something | Adjective, indicating something | 2. SREB ROR. original is changed. It's used to | original is not changed. It can be | 3. <4 / eR uA BEE. modify abstract nouns, and cannot | used to modify both abstract and | 4, JSGRALIEA ESBEREET. form the “de” pattern, feonerete nouns, and can form the | 5. AY E+RIEL AAS 2 AE RE “de” pattern. soit. lil eae FEAT EAT Ea) | LA Rea Fe ERT AIP) MIE, LATERM. | MARISTA TATE M. | | peer, Adverb, indicating originally, be- | Adverb, indicating originally, be- fore. I can be used before verbs, | fore. can be used before verbs, | 2 MAAR /MIERAERET. adjectives or the subjects aujctivesor the subjects. RAN. FECA E6 ‘It cannot be used in this way. | ORI RaRe ie hie. Indicating something should have been done. aeAdverb BARA ATL, a Aan, Indicating agreement, used before the subjects and followed by a pause FEE. | teannot be used in this way. A ABLE CAT! BASS, SKATE TESA HY 2 BA RAIL CANA Sa AOR Ve ANE, FT BH Indicating the discovery of some- thing in a sudden that is unknown before, used before or after the subjects FB ba BA meiyou 414) Examples jective will | moana: Seem. | 1. BEHUA WRARR, ( SESS, AEH UTERE, cating the negation of a sub- | Indicating the negation of an objective statement, 2, SERRSHRA, GM 36) “By modal verbs Rite, Sa mIRAS. When it is used before verbs, it negates the action itself. | Fdereariaat ate ‘When it is used bef 7 adjectives, gates the nature of the adjectives, negate a few modal verbs like |_*néng (gou)”, *ya0"," git’ Aceh Ra eB Rea tests aa. When it is used before verbs, it negates that n action or a state has happened. dit Aa ee eA Fite 5 When it is used before adjectives, it negates the change of the nature of the adjectives Ae: &, : : ee 1 eMETATE. OK) Indicating the negation ofthe past, | Only indicating the negation of he | | ss | 2. URRRZEE. Gite) present and fume ret | : BE He (HS) “MC Eb SEM AKA. REM, rs 7 san be used to negate all the “Méiytu” can only be used to 1, ARTA RFE 2, eH RE ATTA, Mesto ARE. (BEER) 2. HO PLE. rT”) BEB wt MAE, I negates regular and habitual actions, Rae, AIRHEAD fre It cannot negate regular and habit- eee8. ARs as fas FB babi FR weibi files heb iJ] Examples RRRHE A RH MAF | REE. ANE | RH i peeeNie Rone ST ie | AR, | HE sea, ie. Indicating “need | Indicating negation, | Indicating “need not”, not,nothave to", | similarto “bayfiing, | with the rhetorical similar to “ba | ajiande",butismore | tone, and stronger than &, &T. HARAX) AeA A. (BE Suit) ET LAE ATP fh BE? UBER A TEE) BARA), Adverb, meaning unavoidable, It indicates that something happens naturally (which is not necessarily bad thing). ATE OR Ae 7S A Ht OD a BD. Adjective, meaning hard to avoid (Usually it refers to bad things.) yong”, but is | indirect in meaning. | “babi” stronger in tone 4. AG HER AK bimitin 3% nénmidin $i) Examples Wi RRBAAT, LAE J SURLIRee: GCHMNE | Tear RETR e CAF 1s UH cH ME, ASAT AULER. 2, RASH SLIT ARE, WERT aE. WnTRaeEy. It cannot be followed by a nega- It can be followed by a negative PEAY ED AARI iornewee aes FUE iatoh, | TAME Heath it cannot be used in the patem | Itean be used inthe pattern “cn... | PARI EHR ahaa, “shi...de”. de”. aL TILER ree — SEAS A MCI, It cannot serve as the predicate, It can serve as the predicate. ATE IE It cannot serve as the attribute TEE. Itcan serve as the attribute, FRE ERR, A REC HE RAD a, 2 aeAdverb 5. HESS BU SEE AER bijing BUI daodt BR jinjing i] Examples Semen AOA SIAL Papin 'N EES NN eial—Z ia) "eh, It indicates the emphasis fon a certain reason, used before a verb or in the pattern “N bijing shi N (N stands for the same noun)” WSL ISIE”, It has the same n and usage with “L DRE RIE BPH HRA L oe, It indicates eventually, fi nally, often used in transi tional complex sentences. PerBid Sed RL AMBER AT” Sele . It indicates the result that finally comes out after some process, meaning “ In this case, there ar indi hing i finished. words like mmeimine | ing and usage with FEL ARETE", It has the OEE / BK REMIT shalt BEKO, ing 1. BRB ERE RG Fev orig (reesei 7. 2. Bit LR AS ATER aT Tt cannot be used in this way a Tt cannot be used in this FEPARI oh, SEARBH A ere When used in a question, it BX, WAS Je. | Ith the ame nea BLA? | peti / 95 em result of a matter. oe demands a definite answer. aie oe St “dood” | maEarmeT MANE) | ASL, ARR “BL FA. +. Re. | UW camot be wed in this | canbe wed ine nonin- | itesthesamemean- | MH RSERESH may terrmgative: venteaee cwith || fig!end asus we: | TO imerrogative words “dat” eae. fai RLM, | Jest, FM tt AN It cannot be used in this | When tisused asa phrase, | Tt cannot be used in| WR, SRIARRHENS | vay. itindicates il the end this way Bink, ia 2 RAM eit mt FIA. ses. SARA. | eset ccartane Usa be wd in| ert wed ins | TDA SO | ace h9t eek oe reason, course and seat6. F cai Rin G4] Examples a _ BR + BMRSER t+ PeaINT iad a) SAREE A tem FOR |e ara RR. “ARI BAT Ae Ta TaD RE ARK. “Numeral phrase + ea +.” indicates being late oF long in time, large number or old age ein ee" ew “Jin + numeral phrase +.” indicates being late oF fong in time, large number oF old age. In this case “jit” pronunciation, and adverbs like “guiing” or “jn” are often used before the noun, is unstressed in «eR BA LAME, (IE AV pb Loh 08 fa w) . ICRF MILA. CR AV AMET S) A + shill) + Sch i + coos PRAIA TAL AL BADE, SRD RAE. aL + B+ GA) (i ebay, FRO ELOY mie AN | AAT ILA. (HIE dicates the long period be- ‘oven two actions. period between two actions ne AHteIH BD) “Cai (+ veh) + mument | "Numeral phase io + very" indcnes beng | 2. SME BUR LAT. phrase + "indicates being | cary cr shor in ine, small number or young | RRA. Eh carly oF short in time, small | tee fm this case “ju is sessed in | rh) panes rman cad aries lens “yg es an Ss itis ofen sedintheexe | 2. {ERRRLOSBEBRHD A clamatory sentence poled aaa B+ RTT SE eee | ma LATER THA. J “Verb. + it + Verb,” indicates the shor | 2. (ET —U. RRR T. P/E) BF / ie Zutyou 1 hen) yids / puyalvtile.. ef FB tI BELA: Triydortiguilirn. ji - ER AER ES RRA SABA ERE, Re 8 HE 4 ok RRS Kite. It means something hoped for is about to come true but finally fils. In this case, it can only be used before the positive form of verbs, with a sense of pity. Be It has the same meaning and usage with “chadidine”, but often used in \written form. 7. RIL IE AJL chaditinr JUF jihi $i] Examples RRA ALMA R ERA AE TDL ANION. SUN |e ket aA IL" 2B apa ESCH ART Lath, BATHE JL JU Be EB T. @hEL) & garsAdver6 AREER MEA ETS, ABET ARIES SUN a AM, It means something hoped for may fail but finally come true. In this case, itcan only be used before the negative iL EP JL", SAF i m I has the same meaning and usa with “chaditine”, but often used in written form, 25 JPR GE, RUMAEAUL/ SME. (EL form of verbs, with a tone of feeling lucky. RAAB LRROT NATE IOE, BEAT. ASEM HIF Die, HeBAMAREAEL | LMA ome | Ai. ca sa It means something unwanted is | It has the sane mesning and usage | AA ‘come true but finally fails, In with “chididine”, but often used in qu this case, it can be used both before | written form. the negative or positive form of verbs, with a tone of feeling lucky, | | FRR Mick ee, ty A eee La #8 Mere Saeh a L, It indicates closeness to a number 1. LET Re 2. fee A LP, JAR I aA Fea: 1 cannot be used in this way range or degree. In this case, itis used | in sentences with words number or range, with a sense of 8. ae Ete 8A chaingchang Hable PMSA, serrteete. WL ES wae. It indicates the repetition of 4 wingwang GIF] Examples AER i a RRL Ge AOR. PATA Fe It indicates the summary of 1. Reva Aah sett Ware SE rent 2, ustally with certain rules It cannot indicate a subjective | intention situation oF past expe an action o a behavior, with or without rules. It can indicate a subjective intention SERA Tah tH ARTE ESO Sabre AOR, SME. RARER AMER, W's not necessary to point | It's usually necessary to point out the ‘out the situation, condition or L 2. sete ited, 3. Ftd situation, condition | | ult concerning the | | result conceming the action. | ction aeFRA. Ian be used to indicate the future, SDAP RRL Ircan only be used to indicate past. 1. Rea Re. 2. fb tte REE, BEAN AE. ALAR He LAE ‘The negative form is “ba | Usually it cannot be modified by a negative 1. RAT 2. RATER. ) It indicates that something is always like this from the past until now, emailing a sense of emphasis condition is always like this from the beginning to the end, without any change. hing” (not often. adverb. MR Hae MER conglai $62 shizhong $4] Examples RUULEHRE Amen | RPRHERRAIOTER arene, ‘Sei — Ae, A ETC, z Teindicates that some situation or | 1. (WSMIKTIBEL, hte bth ABLE. SRPRE oh, MR ME “iS CF) "et ae abn Fea aba ad" Rae taal FER aaa 1 is often used in negative sen- tences. When the negative adverb is “mei (ybu)", the monosyllabic verb or adjective is always followed by “gud”, which is not necessary for Aisyllabic verbs or adjectives. BAKE. It cannot be used in this way. + EMRE. its ARLE BAUR) HOMBRE. BLE FERRE EE DAB a 033) ORPRE Mh, Seis A TE RAI a lve, ATH Rt hia ia ae” “ARE LT It is seldomly used in positive sentences. It often modifies verbal phrases, adjective phrases or clauses instead ofa single verb or adjective. Itoften matches “jit” or “dau” to reinforce the tone. WADE. 1t cannot be used in this way, + AB ATT AEE HG A EHD DH. RAN St LE AVL TH, BROT BART 3 = oreAdver6 10. #8). Thi 4 dao Si ftin' er | 4) Examples | LATTER REE IE Tt | EAI SFRARME WEEE, BERR AL 15 — A Ht mi it | 7 aE | em fH Bh MEE ETN | peracetic ri something unexpected. mtary witha decper degree | 2° BURL Bit | Peereneney It is sometimes used in the pattern “bijin araAT. inéiybuijin bd ne ain | - | FUL AEE. cee It cannot be used in this way. TF! nthe rid + + ayia | RLEURAA | RAL AS ee HA 1, ARTA es — 7 ‘LWIA! o urge or question | tteannot be used inthis way with a sense of impatience. fees ast N.S ES Es Bs duokut : 5 ungkui BA Trample | FOR TRAE ATE a RST It indicates that due to some | It indicates that due to some | $3 TS Oe | favorable conditions or somebody's | favorable condit somebody's | BSB THEE help, certain bad result is avoided or | help, certain b. ided. In 00d happens. In this ease, | this case, it is often used before thy cofien used before the subjec subject f+ Hsia) / FR RT He: LST. BRP BIR ed in the pattem “duoku not be used in this way KET12. $88 AABR SPAR fenming BAA mingming G4] Examples PTA Ani, BANKAI, RINE Sea hee eee: irher, mintee. het mee Is offen used with a rhetorical question, indicating ee tis similar to “fenming” but | 7, WAH Za Bese something is te. In order to emphasize the | SSM a authenticity, itis usually used in the first clause of @ a : complex sentence, before or after the subject. WI PORTE. Fea KBE KARD Adjective, meaning clear. It cannot be used in this way. SAMBA. 13, ER ER EI EI ER ginjin HER qinkuai | RAE gtinmang | tt lignmang | fi] Examples PATEL, sine PRATER _ |. mT. TNR, air romans | RE TRMI | segyg | LAURIE a eR, sree, | HBR. Sh i 9 OR a re it is used in | itones wo seize | PTEORE* | ic ince some ae-| 8 TAM Wen #8 wed |e tues and seed | USMS © | conor tehvioe fo | ESR BEER / * | up, similar to “gan lows the former ation | tC 3803 it indicates the rapidi- do something jin", but it emphasizes closely; it emphasizes | ETH. ty of an action or a be- urgently. ae more on the high the continual relation speed and prompiness ship between the ac- of an action. oom Pi, a AEE Baka bs eee 76 A PE SAME. ARMA, en Fe When itis used inim- | WAMFEARAEAD | Og A, AERP ER perative sentences, it | U2. Tt cannot be | 2ZEMDtAR. BAT. ingicatestourg.order, | Iteanbeusedinim- | SO MS | i cannot be used in | WEE / KE Plead orhope.Itisused | perative sentences, | : e imperative sentences, | iEFE. to indicate actions not | indicating actions | “YS “°° | ang cannot indicate and cannot ine yet taken, containing | not yet taken. the meaning of “take tions not yet taken, dicate actions | *°N0S "1% the time” and “do a aon something 2s soon as possible”Adverb 14, Fal AU Pl fal gang FIRM ganggang Ala gangeai $i) Examples lial zeae te #7 oat RARARTRA. FE 65 Mh i Fh i id. Adverb, indicating some action or behavior just happened. It ean only modify verbs or verbal an te #2 BU WAAR AE (BEE SRS TAN RRAADER. PRE (iets inl arab ait SIA. Adverb, indicating some action or behavior just happened, but emphasizing the briefness in time, It ean Bil Aid, TAG wii, eT TRIE A noun indicating time. It can serve as aan attribute for nouns as well asa time ad- RAHA / Hale at — ia. RARER ate WAT AMAA ike just reaching a certain lev- al, similar to “zhi, e4" cating “zhenghiie.ganghito”, ; only modify verbs or verbal | verbia ae phrases. | 1. ad BAL WT DL AE oe We eee ee KR, VALMLEOR | age x 2. be BRA / i eee Same as “gt” ee eee ek ed ta ee ve ee lg tea present or pastime plating figes teres SE Patra 1 1 avi, (RAR LIA sani ia. iste FIA. tmue ‘The speaker subjectively a ee Tt cannot be used in f al Same a “ging 2. RAERIA ST thinks the refered action this way eee or thing was done a short aero time ago, but in fact it : may nat be short 1 se IRL BRKT, iamarareneia, laa. EA Joi Ireannot be followed by | Weanbe‘followedbya negs- | Weanbefollowedby | a". a negative word, tive word, a negative word 2. SwRI AIBA, («) aT RIN I FORRES NEC | sor pees. : DAR AE | ee ear 1 REA ieatihaetigase | ee ee eee 2. BRIAR. ttean be fllowed by a nu- | It cannot be used in meral phrase immediately, | om Oe aha 3. RAAT AY. indicating a small number betel i o (x)15. ROR BPR BPR FR quoran 56M jingran FRYA juran il] Examples SRUFER MEAL, SHER SERESIRGE He, | RPA | ac icates the fc is merpenea, | , MART. Indicates te fet is | eines the fais | ees | 2 ARE ty the same as said or | unexpected ide elipanteaantameas FTE BR ‘ sully refs tha somthing im | be possible has happened or something * difficult 0 do has been done. 16. SH ALF HHR haoxiang {13 shi GI] Examples PRUNE AE SP eA RAR. ANTE EE | ce sre 1 FRA ee It has the same usage with *hio | &-EAEA, a7 ee caramel xiang”, but is more often used in | 2. (RUREDLA IER / WLP contain a tone of negotiation or on nea ALERT. persuasion BFL Ai Oth ET OE, A S01), RR. ‘When itis used in a metaphor, ithas | Jes Hi, He the same meaning with “Ringfa, | Itcannot be used in this way. Mares e, hiiosi”, and often matches “shide, yiyaing”. 17. BR AR BERR taran 7Q8% horan fil] Examples TL, AOR AL aR ATOR. a fe Asn! Aver, indicating someting hap- | EPR eee pens suddenly and beyond expecta- - : tion, Tee MCE, REE ine ts. 1. RAR AKA T Adjstve tan seve as an at | HERB 2. TR RARE eT tribute, and can be modified by de- * HOH, ree adverts, eeAdverb 18... | =EIF qianwan FA wonwan F— wanyt Gi] Examples RROEK WE pL IE | th, Aa “TRAY eens MES | ssraenene (3 WmTAEM Lh, & Fi ERRS HE | cana oo FLig A a : : | tt is often used to BRK teat de tive entrees it ualy | tiesto i | aston a ee ee | eee ee a ge rchiniioa ta Fi SNOPE' | andthe speaker doesn’t fat eT Hs 1s reduplication form has @ | sense of emphasis | Wish ito happen, | a, stron te ei A+ WAT (T), AMT re | RPAH T 5 BOLE. oe ‘ting + ad- The pattern “zhén + ad- onan: | The pattern “tai + adjective Bere we pater en OC | 2. GA ACME A 4 jective + (de)" is often | jective is usually not : + (Jo)" has atone of exca i: lowed = fi. ae | wsed in spoken lan. | followed by nouns: i | 5 St sag wae, " guage, indicating @ indicates a high degree, iat high degree usualy in an emotional RAE AML FEE, See tabi a this. Fe ets | eee ining | Tecate wed wo em. | RATER Eset | Reena ace | wi of the objective situa tion, usually modifies | verbal components,20.455). EE 5 wie AH yougi $4) Examples JR AE ORE. | tRE eAL 1. SCRA It indicates a high degree, meaning Ie indizates a high degree, with 2. EME. (bt It indicates something is done for a certain purpose, meaning "tid". It cannot be used in this way. “feichiing”. sense of comparison. Sie HOB. ) BREE OMEN “THe EE. FAS HRRRET, 4 SA MT ee. SLE LA THAR HLL, RN A ie. It modifies the special one as compared with several things, usually matches “shi”, fale”. The same with "Whig" ‘AAR EGE AN | SPA tik. TER eA AH pattem “adjective/verb + yidigine”, ‘which means small in amount, it indicates something low in degree, usually something unpleasant, eit. eee Adjective, indicating being different Hecate meditate yay BARR EH. from others, 21. tft ta tO ffi toutou TATE qidogiao GIF] Examples SU A Ree RA : 48s ATR AT BNE, SOSA ASIRHARSEE | 1 asi xaeepmem Tt Ieemphasizes doing something secret, | i Ee TRIET and being afraid of being seen. It ha a Seat ching someine |. AacaTEHE tf Seong see than “yt” and | “HHO mating nic PAINE T 285, sometimes has a derogaioy sense 22. FUL AAL AL yiditinr FAAUL youditine Gif] Examples Rea, BRA H+ — A RB, AAIL+BS A Hine JL ARB, FRANC, Pt i When it serves as an indefinite | Adverb. When it is used in the | ee ‘quantifier, it is usually used in the pattern “youdidine + adjective/verb”, 2. ROTH AULRT. sy teHAUL Ail esl * a ABU, Hi “A+ —AUL" Gh | i+ mia) , sudidine” in the pattern 1. PRA LT—AUJL 2. We AUK, winter | | AIL (te (ah) +7 / 38 + ah Wh AABWEE, al! aia" AE EA *Yiditinr + (yeldou) + bilmei + ‘sudidinr + bir + adjective/verb™ verb” emphasizes the negation of an | indicates the degree of “bi + action adjective/vers” is not high, Bh — A LAD ARO BY at AE. ABE ings. 4) Examples ef | ue, és SAT SME SHAR, trait Lp | 1 ae Eri 7 OHTA” Ak") a, a OUI. ri Fe AHL Hal. AB aie MAF) iamed | tke that and almost without | ocean tO | syan esse aA FAH. (BH) It indicates some action or behavior continues | It indicates something is always without interruption, Sometimes “yi between “eéng” and “dio”, which indie the beginning and ending point ofa period. RAAT ARATE AF eB" “aia +BY" | som Fae, WAKST, MES ‘When itis used before “dao” or “verb + dt”, | Iteanmot be used in this way. | F—ISABBLAFT SP. itemphasizes the range referred to, | soma te NETH RAC, It indicates thatthe direction of an action or a FH —keie, UaeeET | MetieRatiitiene Itcannot be used in this way. | $48 QREIT . Fea. : HE FORE AGE, BORE 24. AF RBA RSF chthiio ABA bidebi. I] Examples | Feri Suite Rikiwk. BF | eae, A Aes REE IR er | ee L. SHOAL BFE eA RET, HER ABER T Ttindicates there are no other choices | It indicates thore are no other choives ene available, something unwanted has | available, something unwanted has | 2+ SHUM BRITA an RicKE. to be done, Itcan be followed either} to be done. It can only be followed | by, positive or negative phrase by positive phrase ed