LANDSCAPE

COURSE CODE : ARCH-491

COURSE TITLE :URBAN DESIGN -
II[ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION]

SUBMITTED TO

AR. ZARINA HOSSAIN

PROFESSOR
DEPT OF ARCHITECTURE
LEADING UNIVERSITY, SYLHET

SUBMITTED BY

ID NO:
1712040017
1712040023
1712040025
1612040015
Urban landscape
Urban landscape is a concrete and objective phenomenon embodied by the quality of the physical
factors of the environment. It is a system formed by the relation between the man and the urban
environment.

Landscape urbanism is a theory of urban design arguing that the city is constructed of
interconnected and ecologically rich horizontal field conditions, rather than the arrangement of
objects and buildings.

Landscape

Naturalistically Formally Ordered

• Naturalistically Landscape • Formally Ordered Landscape

A natural landscape is made up of a It is created using geometrical shapes, planned

collection of landforms, such as out sections and divisions. It's all about straight
mountains, hills, plains, and plateaus. edges and long sight lines.
Lakes, streams, soils (such as sand or
clay), and natural vegetation are other
features of natural landscapes.

Ratargul, Sylhet
 Elements of Landscape Design
The 5 basic element of landscape design are :

Color Form Line of sight Scale of balance Texture

Color theory is often In landscape design It is the viewers eye The visual Texture is the
used in landscape terminology, form is movement or flow relationship of the touch or visual
design by dividing the shape of being influenced by landscape surface quality of
the color spectrum plant,stone,brick etc. the arrangement of component, relative an object , or
into 4 categories. plants and their to size. plant.
borders.
These 5 elements must be considered in designing both the hardscape and softscape of the design.

HARDSCAPE - Walkways, Driveways, Patios, walls.

Dusai resort ,Sylhet

SOFTSCAPE – Gardens, Lawns , Trees.

Sreemongol resort ,Sylhet

 Principles of Landscape Design

Line Line is the mother of all elements in landscape design.

Proportion Proportion refers to the size of an element in relation to the other

Order Order refers to the organization and balance in a landscape

Repetition Repetition is directly related to unity. It’s good to have several elements and forms in a garden, but
repeating the same elements gives your design various expressions.

Unity Unity in landscaping is the repetition and consistency of a design.

Simplicity Simplicity is actually one of the principles in design and art. Just keep things simple to begin with.

Natural Transition is simply a gradual change. Transition in a landscape design is illustrated by gradually
transition varying the plant size or the color intensity.

Rhythm A recurrence or repetition of one or more design tools within a visual format creating a feeling of
motion
Contrast Contrast helps highlight certain elements in your design, while harmony helps elements in
and Harmony a landscape composition look unified
 Landscaping Accessories
There is a wide accessories available in the market .Location,size,budget are all the charecterestics to be considered.

Accessories are made of different materials such as copper, stone, wood ,bamboo ,metal, clay ,concrete etc. and the
weather where the landscape is located will determine which material works best.

• Landscape accessories such as benches,water fountain,stone features, and statues. Pine needles, wood chips
,fieldstone or bricks for decoration path way.We will briefly describe the accessories next.
 Landscaping Lighting fixtures
There various types of
lanscaping lights:

• Pathlighting for
paths
• Up lighting for trees
• Outdoor accent
lighting
• Posts lights for more
light
• Down lighting for
trees
• House lighting
Pathlighting for paths Up lighting for trees Outdoor accent lighting

Posts lights for more light Down lighting for trees House lighting

Types of stones used for Landscaping:
Sandstone :Used For Making Walls .
Available colors:Buff,black,pink,&
blue.
Limestone landscaping: Used for walls as
these are low water absorption.
Available colors:Buff,black,gray,&white.
Landscaping Stone
Slate landscaping:Used for yard,pathway Marvel landscaping: Used mostly as slabs
as these are strong and resistent to water for walls and for paving.
Available colors:Black,red,& green.
Available colors:Black,pink,white,yellow&
brown.
Granite Landscaping:Used for walls and stepping stones
Available colors:Black,pink,& red.
 Landscaping Vegetation
Types of plants for landscaping design

• ORNAMENTAL
• SCREENS
• SHADE
• BORDERS
• GROUND COVER

ORNAMENTAL SCREENS

SHADE BORDERS GROUND COVER

 Landscaping Plant Landscaping Creeper
Plant one of these best wall climbing flowering
vines.

Dypsis lutescens Japanese sago Basket of gold Rongon Butterfly pea

Rose Variagated creeping Golden Pothos

Peony
 Landscaping Tree Landscaping Shrub
A shrub is defined as a woody plant that is
smaller than a tree and generally has a
rounded shape.

Royal poinciana Rain tree Asoka tree

Bougainvillea Jungle flame

Arabian jasmine Arabian jasmine Wintergem

boxwood
Norfolk pine tree Cliff date palm Frangipani
 Landscape in Sylhet

LOCATION :Lakkatura Tea Garden

AREA : 3200 Acre.

Landscape in Sylhet

LOCATION : SURMA RIVER

Landscape in Sylhet

LOCATION: Shahjalal Mazar Sharif, Sylhet

NECESSITY OF LANDSCAPE

Economic Benefits

• Landscaping enhances property values.

• Proper placement of shade trees and evergreen reduces cooling costs.

Environmental Benefits:

• Plants control runoff and erosion.

• Plants reduce noise pollution up to 50%.
• Plants creates green space for human rest and recreation .

Landscaping Scope
• Urban design
• Site Planning • Green infastructure planning and
• Town or urban Planning residence landscape
• Environmental Restoration • Master plannning and design
• Parks and recreational planning • All at varying scale of design , design,
• Visual resource management management
 Scarcity of Landscape

Sylhet is a hilly area . It had many natural

recourse's .But, it decrease day by day. People create
building in a unplanned way . For this we faced
many problems,
Sylhet city in 1920
Problems :
1.Green area are decreased day by day.
2.Environment changed.
3.Weather changed .
4.The city faces are changed.
5.We suffer many health problems for this.

Solutions :

• Plants more and more trees. Now Sylhet city

• Respect the nature
• Build eco friendly landscape.[Energy efficient
landscape]
 Energy efficient landscaping
Energy efficient landscaping is a type of landscaping design used for the purpose of conserving energy and the energy
consumed by the maintainance and oparations of a landscape.

Energy efficient landscaping design techniques:

1.Planting trees
2.Planting windbreaks
3.Wall sheltering
4.Green living roof

Planting trees

Planting windbreaks Green living roof

 Imoportance of urban landscaping

Urban landscapes create, restore and preserve urban parks, recreational areas, business parks, nature
centers, and other green areas. Sustainable landscapes are responsive to the environment, regenerative, and
healthy for communities by sequestering carbon, cleaning the air, recycling water, moderating extreme
temperatures, increasing energy efficiency, restoring habitats, and creating value through significant economic,
social, and environmental benefits.

Good planning is crucial in urban landscaping. Multiple factors—

including topography, property borders, utility placements, fences
and other structures, existing trees and turf grasses, climate, sun
exposure, soil conditions, irrigation, water drainage and
maintenance costs—should influence every design choice.

Urban landscapes are much more than pretty plants, charming

parks and green roofs. They also are the streets, sidewalks,
alleys and parking lots that shape a city’s look, its functionality
and culture. Tea garden , Sylhet

So, we should be very careful to protect our

natural landscape and plant more and more trees.