ygVdudka&m ausmfatmifpHxm;q&mawmf a&;om;
wJh edó,udkyg tptqkH; azmfjyygw,f/ 'DygVdeJY
wpf&mh&SpfuGuf Ak'¨puf
]aMomif; .. wpf&mh&SpfuGuf Ak'¨puf} bk&m;&Sdckd;ü
ygaom wpf&mh&SpfuGuf pufvu©Pmawmfrsm;udk
tao;pdwf odvdkygonf bk&m;/ xdkpufvu©Pm
rsm;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajcawmfü rnfuJhodkY
wnfaeygoenf;/
OD;jrodef;
-----------------------
Ak'¨puf
pufqdkwm ygVdvdk puú? jrefrmvdk t0dkif;t0ef;vdkY
t"dyÜm,f &w,f/ tJ'Dawmh Ak'¨&JU ajcz0g;awmfrSm
ygwJh puf0dkif;ykHudk Ak'¨pufvdkY ac:rSmaygh/ wpf&mh
&SpfuGuf qdkwmuawmh tJ'D puf0dkif;udk pepf
wus ywf0ef;aewJh tNcHt&H r*FvmtrSwf t
om; 108-rsKd;ygyJ/ r[my'geokwf('D 2? 27)&JU
tzGihf t|uxm ('D-| 2? 37) rSm pufvu©Pm
39-ckavmuf awGUrdygw,f/ tem*w0Ho t|u
xm (ayrl? r-0rf;? r-ausm)eJY ZdemvuFm&#Dum
(ok"rr0wD ykHESdyfrl? pm-189) rSmawmh 108-rsKd;
azmfjyygw,f/ tJ'Dpuf0dkif;eJY tuGufawG b,fvdk
wnfaeovJ? tJ'D wpf&mh&SpfrsKd;u bmawGvJqdk
wmudk yxr ausmfatmifpHxm; q&mawmf a&;
om;wJh ]puú*F0dedp>,'DyeD}usrf;udk t"du rSDjirf;
jyKNyD; tif;0 t&SifOwårodu©m pD&ifwJh yg'puú
om&usrf; (jrefrmESpf-1038 a&;NyD;)eJY awmifcGif
q&mawmf&JU ]puúvu©PoacFy}usrf; awGrSmyg
wJh jcm;em;csuf tcsKdUudkyg azmfjyvdkufygw,f/
yg'eufoef
]yg'eufoef}vdkYac:wJh atmufyg 12-*gxmudk yif;
,acwf pmqdk tbd"mef#Dumusrf;jyK pwk&*FAv
trwf pD&ifcJhygw,f/ usufrSwfvdkol twdtus
odvdkolwdkY vG,fulap&efeJY wdrfjrKyfaewJh yg'euf
oef *gxmawmfawGudk azmfxkwf&ef &nf½G,fNyD;
1
teufudk zwf&if wpf&mh&SpfuGuf pufvu©Pm
awGudk em;vnfoGm;ygvdrfhr,f/
1/ yga'ok ,ó Zmwmed?
a'G puúmed our®awm/
ememuma&[d ykPÖmed?
0aE´ wH yk&dokwårH/
,ó yk&dokwåró? tMuifjrwfpGmbk&m;\/
yga'ok? ajcawmfwdkYü/ our®awm? aumif;rI
awmfaMumifh/ Zmwmed? jzpfukefaom/ ememum-
a&[d? txl;xl;aom tuefYtuGyf ykHawmif;wdkY
jzihf/ ykPÖmed? jynhfukefaom/ a'G? ESpfyg;ukefaom/
puúmed? pufawmfwdkYonf/ oEÅd? &Sdukef\/ wH yk&d
okwårH? xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;udk/ t[H? igonf/ 0aE´ =
0E´mrd? &Sdcdk;yg\/
ausmfatmifpHxm;rlt& 'D*gxm aemufrSm yg
wJh ]{auuyg'puúrSd}pwJh okH;*gxmrSm rl&if;
usrf;jyKol pwk&*FAv&JUpm r[kwfaMumif; qdkyg
w,f/ yg'puúom&eJY awmifcGifrlrSmawmh 'Dt
rSwf-1 *gxmudkyg razmfjybJ yg'eufoef 11-
*gxmom azmfjyygw,f/
2/ owåD p od&d0ap>m p?
eE´d,m0¥ar0 p/
aom0wådaum 0#Haom p?
0ÅrmeÍö yDXuH/
(owåD-ü qef;aMumihf 'DC)/
,ó ra[odaem? tMuifjrwfpGmbk&m;\/
yga'ok? ajcawmfwdkYü/ owåd p? vSHrvnf;aumif;/
od&d0ap>m p? tdrfrGef (toa&&Sdaom tdrf)vnf;
aumif;/ eE´d,m0¥ar0 p? Zvyfyef;vnf;
aumif;/ aom0wådaum? vnfa&; okH;qihf vnf;
aumif;/ 0#Haom p? OD;aqmufyef;vnf;aumif;/
0ÅrmeÍö? xrif;yGJvnf;aumif;/ yDXuH? a½TovGef
(a½Ttif; ysOf)vnf;aumif;/
 aom0wådaumwd aom0wådta*Fg ('D-#D 2?
37)tzGifht& vnfa&; okH;qihf&Sdaom udk,ft*Fg
vdkY qdkwJhtwGuf t&pfokH;ckyg vnfyif;ykH jzpfzG,f
&Sdygw,f/ ygVdy'usrf;ñTef;rSmawmh aom0wåd-
aum-udk ]pMum½kyfykH pufvu©Pm}vdkY qdkw,f/
ausmfatmifpHxm;u 0Årme-udk xrif;yGJvdkY ,l
w,f/ wdyd#u ygVdjrefrm tbd"mefrSmvnf; ,if;
yk'fudk ]xrif;tkyf? bk&m;a&SUü xm;aom a½Ttkyf
,Gef;tkyf}vdkY qdkw,f/ yg'eufoefvuFmrSmvnf;
]xrif;yGJ wnf[ef}vdkY qdkw,f/ yg'puúom&eJY
awmifcGifuawmh 0Årme-udk OD; aygif;? yd|uH-udk
yg'puúom&rSm tif;ysOfeJYwlaom xrif;yGJ? awmif
cGifu pmyGJwnfcif; tif;ysOf0ef;vdkY qdkygw,f/
3/ tuFkoaÍö0 ygoma'g?
awm&PH qwåar0 p/
ca*¾g p wmv0@Íö?
arm&[w¬uADZeD/
tuFkoaÍö0? cRef;awmif;vnf;aumif;/ yg-
oma'g p? jymom'fvnf;aumif;/ awm&PH? wHcg;
wdkifvnf;aumif;/ qwåar0 p? xD;jzLvnf;
aumif;/ ca*¾g p? oefvsufvnf;aumif;/ wmv-
0@Íö? xef;½Guf,yfvnf;aumif;/ arm& [w¬-
uADZeD? Oa'gif;NrD;,yfvnf;aumif;/
'Dpufvu©PmawGeJY ywfoufvkdY ausmf
atmifpHxm;eJY awmifcGifwdkY jcm;em;csuf r&Sd/
4/ OPSDoH rPdywåÍö?
'grH eDvkyÜvH wxm/
&wåH aowkyÜvaÍö0?
y'krH yk@&duH wxm/
OPSDoH? oif;usyfawmfvnf;aumif;/ rPd?
ywåjrm; vnf;aumif;/ ywåÍö? oydwf(cGuf)vnf;
aumif;/ 'grH? yef;qdkif; vnf;aumif;/ eDvkyÜvH?
MumndKvnf;aumif;/ wxm? xdkrSwyg;/ &wåKyÜvH?
MumeDvnf;aumif;/ aowkyÜvaÍö0? Mum jzLvnf;
aumif;/ y'krH? Mumy'kr®mvnf;aumif;/ wxm?
xdkrSwyg;/ yk@&duH? Mumyk@½dkufvnf;aumif;/
2
tem*w0Ho t|uxmrSm y'kr®mMum rygbJ
yk@½dkuf Mumudk tjzLteD cGJjyaMumif;? rPdESihf
ywåudk wpfckpD cGJ,l&rnfjzpfaMumif;? okH;vdifqef
ywåo'´gonf oydwf[laom cGuftxl;udk a[m
Mumif;? bk&m;ajcawmf jzpfwJhtwGuf oydwfykH
vnf; &SdEdkifaMumif; ausmfatmifpHxm; qkH;jzwf
w,f/ awmifcGifu OPSDo = a½Toif;usyfzsm;
ESihfwuG rudk#f? ywå = pm;cGuftxl;vdkY qdkw,f/
yg'puúrSm cGufvdkY omrefyJ qdkw,f/
5/ ykPÖ*¢a#m ykPÖygwd?
orka'´g puú0gVuH/
[dr0g p odae½l p?
ol&da,m pE´drm wxm/
(odae½l-ü qef;aMumihf 'DC)/
ykPÖ*¢awm? rkHnif;ponfjzihfh jynhfaom tdk;
vnf;aumif;/ ykPÖygwd? rkHnif;ponfjzihf jynhf
aom zvm;vnf;aumif;/ orka'´g? ork'´&mvnf;
aumif;/ puú0gVuH? pMu0Vmvnf;aumif;/ [dr0g
p? [dr0EÅmawmif vnf;aumif;/ odae½k p? jrif;
rdk&fawmifvnf;aumif;/ ol&da,m p? aevnf;
aumif;/ wxm? xdkrSwyg;/ pE´drm? vvnf;
aumif;/
tcsKdU q&mawG ]ykPÖ*¢awm? a&jynhftdk;/
ykPÖygwd? a&jynhfzvm;}vdkY ,lwm[m ]od'¨w¬m-
'dykPÖC#ykPÖygwda,m}qdkwJh #Dum ('D-#D 2?
37)ESihf rnDaMumif; ausmfatmifpHxm; qkH;jzwf
ygw,f/ yg'puú awmifcGifwdkY txl;rqdk/
6/ eu©wåm pwka&m 'Dyg?
'Gdo[ó y&dwåum/
puú0wåd aowoacFg?
rp>meH ,k*VH wxm/
eu©wåm? eu©wfwdkYvnf;aumif;/ 'Gdo[ó
y&dwåum? uRef;i,ft&H ESpfaxmifESihf wuGukef
aom/ pwka&m 'Dyg? av;uRef;wdkYvnf;aumif;/
puú0wåd? pMumrif; vnf;aumif;/ aowoacFg?
c½koif;jzL vnf;aumif;/ wxm? xdkrSwyg;/
rp>meH? ig;wdkY\/ ,k*VH? tpkHvnf;aumif; (rp>meH
,k*VH? ig;Muif; yGwfvnf;aumif;)/
rp>meH-[k omref&Sdonfudk q&mpOfquft&
ig;Muif; [kqdkaMumif;? t&HuRef;i,f ig;&meJYtwl
wpfuRef;udk wpfuGuf? av;uRef;udk av;uGuf
a&;NyD; t&HuRef;i,frsm; twGuf oD;jcm;a&;&ef
rvdkaMumif; ausmfatmifpHxm; qkH;jzwfygw,f/
7/ puúH owå r[m**Fg?
r[maovm r[mo&m/
okyÜPÖaum oHokrma&m?
"aZm y#muar0 p/
puúH? puf(pMum)vnf;aumif;/ owå r[m
**Fg? oD'g ckepf wefvnf;aumif;/ r[maovm?
awmifpOf ckepfxyfvnf;aumif;/ r[mo&m?
tdkifBuD; ckepftdkif vnf;aumif;/ okyÜPÖaum?
*VKef vnf;aumif;/ oHokrma&m? rdausmif;vnf;
aumif;/ "aZm? wHcGefvnf;aumif;/ y#muar0
p? ukuúm;vnf;aumif;/
puú-t& pMum&wem r[kwf? vufeuf
pMumjzpfNyD; ,if;udk puf0ef;ykH a&;&rnf jzpf
aMumif;? tcsKdU yg'eufoefrlrSm "Zy#muH odkYr
[kwf "ZyÜ#muH-&Sdjcif;rSm roihfaMumif;? "ZESihf
y#muonf wHcGefrsKd; 5-yg;wGif oD;jcm; jzpfí
wpfyg;pD,lNyD; pufawmfykHudkvnf; wpfckpDa&;oihf
aMumif;? tem*w0Ho t|uxmrSm wpfcw k nf;
,layr,hf ZdemvuFm&rSm wpfckpD,laMumif;? ,if;
odkY (wpfckpD) ,l&if 108-uGufjzpfzdkY pMu0VmESihf
[dr0EÅmudk wpfckwnf; ,l&rnfjzpfaMumif; ausmf
atmifpHxm; qkH;jzwfygw,f/ yg'puúeJY awmifcGif
u ]"Zy#mu ar0 p}ygVdudk ,laomfvnf; puf
vu©Pmudkrl wpfckpD,lNyD; udEé&DeJY udEé&mudkyJ
wpfckwnf; ,lygw,f/
8/ yg#uD [&dADZeD?
auvmoyAÁawm wxm/
oD[&mZm As*¢&mZm?
0vma[m p Oaygoaxm/
3
yg#uD? a½ToHvsif; vnf;aumif;/ [&dADZeD?
a½TjzihfNyD;aom om;NrD;,yf vnf;aumif;/ au-
vmoyÜawm? auvmoawmif vnf;aumif;/
wxm? xdkrSwyg;/ oD[&mZm? jcaoFhrif; vnf;
aumif;/ As*¢&mZm? usm;rif;vnf;aumif;/ 0vm-
a[m p? 0vm[ujrif; vnf;aumif;/ Oaygo-
axm? Oaygoxqifrif; vnf;aumif;/
'DpufawGrSm ausmfatmifpHxm;eJY awmifcGif
wdkY txl;rqdk/ yg'puúü arm&ADZeD-vdkY ygXf&Sday
r,hf usrf;*efeJYrnDvdkY a½Tom;NrD;,yfvdkYyJ qdkw,f/
9/ AmokuD em*&mZm p?
[Haom p Ooabm wxm/
{&m0aPm ruma&m p?
[&dem0g pwlrkcg/
(pwl-ü qef;aMumihf 'DC)/
AmokuD em*&mZm p? AmokuDe*g;rif; vnf;
aumif;/ [H-aom p? [oFmrif; vnf;aumif;/
Ooabm? EGm;rif;Oob vnf;aumif;/ wxm?
xdkrSwyg;/ {&m0aPm? {&m0Pfqif vnf;
aumif;/ ruma&m p? a½Truef; vnf;aumif;/
[&d em0g? a½TavS vnf;aumif;/ pwkrkcg? rsufESm
av;ckwdkY vnf;aumif;/
AmokuDeJY 0gokuDrSm twlwl jzpfaMumif;? t
csKdU yg'eufoefrlrSm q'´aEÅm em*&mZm-[k &Sday
r,fh ,if;onf ZdemvuFm&? tem*w0Ho|wdkYü
rqdk? pwk&*FAvtrwf a&;&if;vnf; r[kwf?
a&S;q&mwdkY pyfqdkonhf vuFmrSm ]Oaygoxm
,OfrGef? q'´efwjcm;}udk MunhfNyD; aESmif;acwf
yk*¾KdvfwdkY jyifxm;jcif; jzpfaMumif;? [&dem0geJY
pwkrkcgudkvnf; wpfckpD,lNyD; a½TavSykHeJY acgif;
av;ckygwJh jA[®mykH wpfuGufpD a&;&rnfjzpf
aMumif;? wpfaygif;wnf; ,lNyD; rsufESmav;ck
&Sdaom a½TavS[k r,l&aMumif; ausmfatmif pH
xm; qkH;jzwfygw,f/ awmifcGifu ausmfatmifpH
xm;eJY oabmwlygw,f/ yg'puúrSmawmh rsufESm
av;yg; &Sdaom a½TavSvdkY qdkygw,f/
10/ o0p>um wxm *g0D?
udEéa&m udEé&Dyd p/
u&0daum r,la&m p?
ukÍÆ&mZm wax0 p/
wxm? xdkrSwyg;/ o0p>um? om;i,f&Sd
aom/ *g0D? EGm;r vnf;aumif;/ udEéa&m? udEé&m
zdkvnf;aumif;/ udEé&Dyd p? udEé&mrvnf;aumif;/
u&0daum? u&0dwfvnf;aumif;/ r,la&m p?
Oa'gif; vnf;aumif;/ wxm? xdkrSwyg;/ ukÍÆ-
&mZm {0 p? BudK;Mumvnf;aumif;/
ausmfatmifpHxm;eJY yg'puúü udEé&DeJY udEé&m
udk wpfckpD ,layr,hf awmifcGifu wpfckwnf;
,lygw,f/
11/ puú0uú'daZm ap0?
ZD0Zd0uemrum/
qumrm0p&m a'0g?
jA[®avmum p aomVo/
puú0uú'daZm ap0? puú0ufiSuf vnf;
aumif;/ ZD0Zd0u emrum? ZD0Zdk;rnfaomiSufwdkY
vnf;aumif;/ qumrm0p&m a'0g? ewfjynf-
xyfwdkY vnf;aumif;/ aomVo jA[®avmum p?
jA[®mhjynf wpfq,hfajcmufxyfwdkY vnf;aumif;/
ZD0ZD0uemrmum-[k A[k0kpfESihf &Sdaom
aMumihf a&S;q&mwdkY iSuftpkHudk ,laMumif;? tem
*w0Hot|uxmeJY ZdemvuFm&#DumrSm puú0uú
ESifh ZD0ZD0u-yk'fwdkYudk &mZ o'´gESihf wGJjyojzihf
iSufrif;vdkY ,lvdkykH&aMumif; ausmfatmif pHxm;
trSm jyKxm;ygw,f/
12/ {wme|Kwå&ow-
vu©Pmed ra[odaem/
yga'ok ,ó 'dóaEÅ?
0aE´ wH yk&domobH/
£wd? þodkY/ {wmed t|Kwå&ow vu©-
Pmed? þwpf&mh &Spfyg;aom vu©PmawmfwdkY
onf/ ,ó ra[odaem? tMuifjrwfpGmbk&m;\/
4
yga'ok? ajcawmfwdkYü/ 'dóaEÅ? xifukef\/ yk&d
omobH? a,musfm;jrwf jzpfawmfrlaom/ wH r
a[oð? xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;udk/ t[H? igonf/ 0aE´ =
0E´mrd? &Sdcdk;yg\/ (yg'puúüwl? awmifcGifü ]{wm
ed-|Kwå&owr*Fvmed ra[odaem}[k &Sd)/
a&wGufykH
wpf&mh&SpfuGufudk ausmfatmifpHxm; a&wGufykHrSm
.. 1) vSHrrS wHvsif;txd 10? 2) xD;jzLrS MumeDxd
10? 3) Mum jzLrS aexd 10? 4) vrS pMumtxd
(t&HuRef;i,f ig;&mpD ESihfwuG uRef;BuD; av;
uRef;ukd wpfuRef;pD ,lí) 10? 5) oDwm 7?
awmifpOf 7? tdkif 7 aygif; 21? 6) *VKefrS qif
xd (wHcGefESihf ukuúm;udk wpfaygif;wnf;jyKí) 10?
7) AmokuD e*g;rS udEé&Drtxd (rsufESm av;ck&Sd
jA[®mESihf a½TavSudk wpfckpD,lí) 10? 8) u&
0dwfrS ZD0Zdk;xd 5? 11) ewfjynf 6-uGuf? 12)
jA[®mhjynf 16-uGuf? aygif; 108 uGuf/
q&mawmfu wHcGefeJY ukuúm;udk wpfckpD,lzdkY
qkH;jzwf ayr,fh a&wGufwJhtcg tem*w0Hot|
uxmeJY tnD wpfckwnf; ,lygw,f/ udEé&DzdkeJY
udEé&Drudkvnf; (udEé-a&m udEé&D-vdkY ,if;t|
uxmü azmfjyykHt&) wpfckpD,lvdkY Ak'¨pufawmf
108-uGuf nDygw,f/ q&mawmhf tvdkqdk&if wH
cGefeJY ukuúm;udk wpfckpD,l? puú0VmeJY [dr0EÅmudk
wpfckwnf; ,l&r,f/ wHcGefeJY ukuúm;udk wpfck
pD,lwJh awmifcGif tvdkuawmh puú0Vm [dr0EÅm
udk wpfckpD,lNyD; udEé&D udEé&mudkyJ wpfck ,l&
r,f/ wHcGefukuúm;udk wpfck? rsufESmav;ck&Sd a½T
avSudk wpfck,lwJh yg'puúuawmh Oaygox
qif? q'´efqifvdkY wpfckpD ,laMumif;yg/
wnfaeykH
ausmfatmifpHxm; tvdkt& ]pufawmfum; ajc
awmfudk av;zdkYjyKí okH;zdkY zrsufawmfatmufü
wnfonf (puú*F 0dedp>,'DyeD? ayrl? aum-0rf;)}/
þazmfjycsuftwGuf q&mawmf usrf;udk; rjycJh
yg/ ykHawmif;udk jrtqif;? ,if;tv,fü aiGt
qif;eJY tayguf (0if½dk;ayguf)ykH (,if;0if½dk; ayguf
tv,frSmvnf; tnKdpuf yg&rnf)? ykHawmif;xdyf
wGif ½GJvkH;rsm; pDNyD; BuKd;oP²mef ywf0dkif;? NyD;rS
ykHawmif; ywfvnf&Sd tuefY 1000-udk teDa&mif
(wpfuefYeJY wpfuefY ra&matmif ½GJvkH;rsm;udk pD
wef;xm;ovdk a&;&rnf)? tuefY&JUtqkH; tuGyf
udk oEÅma&mif (½GJvkH;aygufvsuf a&;&rnf)? 10-
uefY 10-uefY tMum; 0J,mü yef;qdkif; qGJxm;
onhf oEÅm½kd;wyf xD;jzL (tm;vkH;aygif; yef;qdkif;
200? xD;jzL 100 &Sdrnf)? tem;uGyftwGif;ESihf ykH
awmif; tem; twGif;wdkYü pDvsuf cHwGif;ü ykvJ
vkH; qGJxm;onfh jcaoFhykH a&;qGJ&rnf (ausmf
atmifpHxm; q&mawmf[m þ azmfjycsufwdkif;
twGuf t|uxm? #Dumusrf; tqdkrsm;udk xkwf
EkwfNyD; udk;um;cJhygw,f)/
vu©PmpOf
vSHr? tdrfrGefpwJh vu©Pawmf 108-rsKd;udk puf
awmf0ef;usif pufawmfteD;rSpí a&;&ef ñTef
Mum;wJhtjyif a&;ykHudk ausmfatmifpHxm; q&m
awmfu tao;pdwf qdkygw,f ]tprSpí ra&;
tyf/ pMu0Vm [dr0efponf usrf;qdkpOf um;
[kwf\? a&;pOfr[kwf/ ta&;udkum; Muyawh
pMu0VmuJhodkY puf0ef;om;NyD;vQif awmifpOfw
wef oDwmw wefjcm;um? ork'´&m [dr0efp
onf oP²mefjyum a&;tyfonf/ pMumrif;\
tNcHt&H qifjrif; ponfudkvnf; pMumrif;ESihf
teD;tpyf a&;tyfonf/ <uif;onfwdkYum; oihf
&moifh&m a&;tyfonf/ ,cktcg ta&;wdkYum;
oabmodkY rvdkuf? usrf;qdkponfudk vdkufonf
(puú*F0dedp> ,'DyeD? aumf-0rf;)}/
pufawmf&Sdcdk;
twdkif;rod? aus;Zl;&Sdonf? rkedous? a*gwr\?
yg'jrwfausmf? z0g;awmfü? xGef;ay:uspfvpf? wpf
&mh&Spfudk? pifppfaumif;axG? vsnfhvsnfh a&tHh? csD
axGtp ..
5
vSHr tdrfrGef? rusefyGihfcsyf? ZvyfysHUarT;? vnf
a&;okH;qihf? vSwihfoGef;oGef;? OD;aqmufyef;u? p
onfruGJ? xrif;yGJ wnf[ef? a½TovGef cRef;
awmif;? a&mifarmif; jymom'f? txGwfjrihfcdkif? wH
cg;wdkifESihf? tNydKifxD;jzL? twloefvsuf? xef;
½Guf,yf0ef;? wcef;wifaMumif;? Oa'gif; NrD;,yf?
oif;usyfwjcm;? ywåjrm; a&mifzdwf? oydwfyef;
qdkif;? wkEIdif;r& .. (18)
yGifhvSxGm;xGm;? ig;yg;MumrsKd;? a&tdk; zvm;?
xl;jcm; ork'´&m? pMu0VmoP²mef? [dr0ef jrif;
rdk&f? xdkxdk ae v? eu©wfpom;? 'Dyav;ck? ZrÁK'D
yg? jyKAÁmOwå&? ty&a*g,Of? wvsOftHhzG,f? uRef;
i,fESpfaxmif? bkef;acgif pMumrif;? c&koif;jzL
qGwf? ig;Muif;yGwf pMum .. (22)
oD'g ckepfwef? owå&bef? awmifpOf ckepf
xyf? Muyf Muyfjrihfcdkif? ckepftdkifwokef .. (21)
*VKefwaMumif;? rdausmif;a&om;? ukuúm;wH
cGef? rif;wef oHvsif;? r<uif;woD;? om;NrD;au
om? auvmob? oD[ usm; jrif;? qifrif;jrwf
pGm? Oaygoxm,OfrGef? q'´ef wjcm;? e*g; 0rf;bJ?
ruGJwluG? Oobrusef? {&m0Pf ruef;? xl;
qef;tHhzG,f? wifhw,fvSaxG? a½TavSvQH0g? rsufESm
av;yg;? EGm;om;rdppf? tjzpfrsm;pGm .. (ukuúm;
wHcGef 1? Oaygox q'´ef 1 vdkY,lNyD; 18)
udEé&m udEé&D? wlNyD u&0dwf? xdwfxdwf
aomif;aomif;? Oa'gif; BudK;Mum? oHompuú0uf?
iSuf\trsKd;? ZD0Zdk;tpkH? ajcmufbkHewf½Gm? qum
rmESihf? jA[®mewf&yf? q,fajcmufxyfu? aphpyf
r<uif;? cyif;rsm;pGm? &Hpum;ESihf? pMumajcrGef ..
(udEé&mudEé&D 1 vkdY,lNyD; 29)
wifhw,f[efudk? xufpGefrdk;zsm;? odMum;jA
[®m? xka&;&Smvnf;? b,frSmwrQ? twk&csdrfh?
tororm? okH;vlYcsm\? &wemxGef;0if;? eDqif;
pifoefY? tuefYwaxmif? a½Ta&mifjc,fum? oEÅm
tuGyf? xdefvQyf jraumif;? ykHawmif;NydK;jyuf?
ajcawmf pufudk? pkHruf jrwfEdk;? &SdvQifcdk;onf?
aumif; usKd;vsifaqm? a&mufapaomf/
q&mjrwfwdkY&JU tqkH;tjzwfudk MunhfNyD;
108-uGuf ta&twGuf rydkravsmhatmif aygif;
,lvkdY jzpfEdkifwmudk aygif;,lvdkufygw,f/
b,fola&;
'DvuFmeJY ywfoufNyD; yxr ausmfatmifpHxm;
q&mawmfu ]þpufawmf&Sdcdk;udk &Sif&|om& qdk
aom[l\/ a&S;&Sdcdk;onf pufawmf&m &Sdckd;om jzpf
í ajcawmfpuf&Sdcdk; jzpfatmif tqkH;wGif avmif;
pGuf jyifonf}vdkY rSwfcsuf jyKcJhygw,f/ rl&if;pmudk
q&mawmfu tqkH;em;rSm tenf;i,f jyifqif
xm;ykHygyJ/ awmifcGif q&mawmfvnf; rdrdtm
abmfeJY nDatmif 'DvuFmudkyJ tenf;i,f jznfh
pGuf jyifqifcJhygw,f/ awmifcGifrl puffawmf&Sdcdk;u
'Dvdkyg ..
twdkif;rod aus;Zl;&Sdom;? rkedous? a*gwr\?
yg'jrwfausmf? z0g;awmfü? xGef;ay:uspfvpf? wpf
&mh&Spfudk? pdppfvsifaxG? vsOf;vOf; a&ydrhf? csDav
tp ..
vSHrtdrfrGef? okH;wefzGihfcsyf? ZvyfysHUarT;? vnf
a&;okH;qihf? vSwihfxGef;awmuf? OD;aqmufyef;
u? jzLqGa&mifarmif;? OD;acif;ruGJ? pm;yGJwnfcif;?
tif;ysOf0ef;ESifh? cRef;awmif; jymóm'f? txG#fjrihf
cdkif? wHcg;wdkifu? jzLqGNydK;jyuf? xD;oef vsufESihf?
xef;½Guf,yf0ef;? ½Tef;½Tef;a&mifarmif;? Oa'gif;NrD;
,yf? oif;usyfa½Tjym;? ywåjrm;ausmufrsuf? pm;
cGufa&mifajy;? rkav;yef;qkdif;? wkEIdif;r& ..
yGifhvStjym;? ig;yg;MumrsKd;? jynhfonhftdk;ESihf?
jynhfNzdK; zvm;? a&;jim;ork'´&m? pMu0Vm awmif
rGef? [dr0efawmacsmif? Nrif;rdk&fawmifESihf? xGef;
ajymifaev? eu©wåu? 'Dyav;oG,f? uRef;i,f&H
aqmif? bkef;acgifpMumrif;? c½koif; jzLESpf? aAG&pf
vuf,m? a½T0gtqif;? ig;rif;pkHvsuf? vufeuf
pufESihf ..
a&wGufocsFm? **Fgckepfwef? awmifrGef ckepf
vkH;? tdkifxkH; ckepfuGuf ..
6
iSuf*VKefrif;? jrpfwGif;udef;atmif;? rdausmif;
a&om;? wHcGefusm;ESihf? ukuúm;wHcGef? rif;wefoH
vsif;? tqif;a½Tvm;? om;NrD;avaqmif? aiG
awmifauvmo? oD[As*¢? 0Vm[ujrif;? qif
rif;jrwfpGm? Oaygoxm&nfrGef? q'´efwlNyD? Amok
uDrnf&if;? e*g;rif;ESihf? [oFma½Tvm;? EGm;Oo
brGef? {&m0Pfwpfcef;? a½Truef;wpfaxG? a½TavS
vQH0g? jA[®mxG#fzsm;? om;ESihfwuG? EGm;rEdkYñSpf?
tcspfNrJpGm ..
udEé&mzdkr? o'´rqdwf? u&0dwf wGefanmif;?
Oa'gif; BudK;Mum? oHompuú0uf? pkHvsufZD0Zdk;? rdk;
0bkHom? qumrmESihf? jA[®mbkH&yf? q,hfajcmuf
xyfvnf;? ,SOfpyfruif;? cyif;rsm;pGm? &HpumESihf?
pMumajcrGef?
wihfw,f[efudk? xufpGef rdk;zsm;? odMum;
jA[®m? wka&;vmvnf;? b,frSmwrQ? twk&csdrfh?
tororm? okH;vlYcsm\? &wemvQH0if;? eDqif;
pifoefY? tuefYwpfaxmif? xGef;ajymifod*Fg? oEÅm
tuGyf? xdefvQyfykHawmif;? ndKarmif; ausmufrsuf?
ajcawmfpufudk? pkHrufjrwfEdk;? &SdvQifcdk;onf? t
usKd;aumif;vGef? r*fÓmPfzdkvfÓmPf? edAÁmefxkwf
acsmuf a&mufapaom/
(puúvu©PoacFyusrf;)/
yg'puúom&usrf;ü 'Dpufawmf&Sdcdk; vuFmudk
rawGU rd/ 
edAÁmefa&mufaMumif;
EIwfcrf; tem;ywfvnfudk jzwfawmuf xm;
aom aMu;cGufonf wD;cwfaomfvnf; toH r
jrnfouJhodkY rdrdudk,fudk rwkefrvIyf jzpfapEdkif
cJhygrl þodkY rwkefrvIyf aeEdkifjcif; onfyif
edAÁmefodkY a&ufaMumif; jzpf\/ xdktcg oihftm;
csKyfcs,faom pum;vnf; r&SdEdkifawmhay/
(t&SiftmeE´m0w¬K 1? 175)