LIGAO COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Ligao City
 LIGAO COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Ligao City
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

WEEK 2

Student’s Contact No.

Name:
Section: Date Date
Received: Retrieved:

TOPIC: The World when Rizal was born

I. Overview

The world when Rizal was born was extremely dynamic and creative age. There are a lot of
happenings that affected the young Rizal’s mind and idealism especially on the love of country.
In this module, you will learn the conditions during the time when Rizal was born.

II. Learning Outcomes

At the end of the course, you will be able to:

 Describe the social, political and economic conditions of the world and the Philippines
during Rizal’s time.

III. Discussion and Self- Assessment Activities

Challenges and Response of the 19th Century

 The 19th Century was extremely dynamic and creative age especially in Europe and the
United States. Six Major Changes of the 19th Century:

1. The struggle for nationalism

2. Gradual spread of democracy

3. Modernization of Living through the Industrial Revolution

4. Advancement in Science and Technology
5. Growth of Imperialism
6. New Ideas and Confidence for Growth

THE STRUGGLE FOR NATIONALISM

• Nationalism- feeling of oneness by a group of people who believe that they possess
common traditions, culture, goals or ideas
• Throughout the 19th century, many revolted against their rulers.
• TWO MAJOR UPHEAVALS that influenced the thinking and development of the 19th
century:
1. American Revolution (1775-1783)-resulted in the complete independence of the
Americans from Great Britain.
2. French Revolution (1779-1789) - ended the absolutism and feudal privileges after
monarchy was overthrown.
• Struggle between the Liberals and the Conservatives:
Liberals believed a country should be free from domination by another and the people
should enjoy liberty, equality and opportunity. Conservatives supported the “good old
days” when monarchs and kings ruled over their subjects. Spirit of nationalism spread
outside Europe: Canada became a self-governing nation in 1867, Spain lost its colonies
in South America after its subject liberated themselves for Independence.
Rizal on the Growth of Nationalism In his letter to his Austrian friend Ferdinand
Blumentritt, Rizal wrote, “I would stimulate these Philippine studies which are
like nosce te ipsum (Know Thyself) that gives the true concept of oneself and
drives nation to greatness.” o When people become aware that they are
different from other race, they become proud and willing to serve their nation.
They become patriotic and develop proud in their country. All these are possible
only if they know their country better.
Rizal on the French Revolution and American War for Independence Rizal wished
that Spain would have benefited the gifts of Liberty, Equality and Progress and
shared them with the Philippines. However, “Spain did not plant in those islands
(The Phils) those inestimable gifts so that they might be the exclusive patrimony
and feudal dominion of the reactionary friars”.
GRADUAL SPREAD OF DEMOCRACY

• “Government of the People, by the People and for the people”

• In France, following the establishment of the Third Republic in 1875, laws were enacted
that advanced democracy, such as right of suffrage for everyone. In England, reforms
were passed in the Parliament; new election districts formed, cabinet system was
adopted (House of Commons and House of Lords), slavery abolished in the colonies.
Outside Europe, Australia adopted secret ballot system and right to vote in 1885; New
Zealand also adopted the right to vote in 1893. In the United States, Andrew Jackson
and Abraham Lincoln were elected by popular votes. The American Civil War (1860-
1865) ended slavery.
MODERNIZATION OF LIVING BROUGHT ABOUT BY THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

• Two Major Changes in the industries (a.) Shift from manual labour to machine works,
and (b.) from domestic system to the factory system.
• EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION:
1. The introduction of new machines such as spinning jenny, spinning frame,
spinning shuttle, cotton gin and sewing machine hastened the revolution in the
textile manufacturing.
2. Coal, iron and steel became basic materials in the industry, which led to the
improvement of the transportation system also brought about by the invention
of steamships, locomotives, automobiles.
3. The invention of telephone and telegraph, cable and postal service and
newspaper revolutionized communication.
4. Invention of machines resulted in the establishment of factories, towns became
cities, and thousands of workers were employed to achieve large scale
production. As a result, commodities became cheaper, standard of living
improved, national wealth increased.
5. Encouraged migration as people searched for improved economic, social and
political conditions.
6. Steady increase in population as a result of better living conditions, advancement
in medicine and public hygiene.
7. Spirit of Nationalism fostered with the introduction of the new economic
philosophy, LAISSES FAIRE.
LAISSES FAIRE- “LET WELL ENOUGH ALONE” OR “HANDS OFF”. A policy
that prevented the government from interfering from private trade and industry
except trade and industry except for the defence of nation from foreign
aggression, maintenance of peace maintenance of peace and order, protection
of investment in foreign countries and private industry and private industry.
The demand for national identity and independence was a result of
Western ideas of nationalism and democracy. Rizal was prophetic when
 he said; “ No matter how much the Filipinos owe Spain, they cannot be
compelled to renounce their right of redemption…However great is the
loyalty of the Filipinos, Spain cannot prevent the fatal laws of history be
fulfilled.”

ADVANCEMENT IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

• Atomic theory formulate by John Dalton

• element Radium discovered by Marie Curie
• Louise Pasteur discovered the germs that caused diseases in man and animals.
• Robert Koch discovered the infectious diseases causing bacteria called anthrax and
developed an inoculation to prevent its spread.
• Dr. Joseph Lister developed antiseptics to prevent infections.
• Dr. Crawford Long demonstrated the use of anaesthesia in surgical operations
• Dr. William Morton was the first to use ether for painless tooth extraction
• The advancement in science and medicine improved public sanitation and health
thereby increasing the average life span of the population.
Rizal on the Advancement of Science In his novel Noli, Rizal hailed the “Jesuits whom
the Philippines owes her dawning system of instruction in the natural sciences, the
soul of the nineteenth century”.
o As people become more interested in science, many of its secrets were
discovered with systematized experimentation. Scientists around the world
worked to know more about the facts of nature. Businessmen funded
researches which in turn, the results brought huge profits to the business.
GROWTH OF IMPERIALISM

• During Rizal’s time, England emerged as the world’s leading imperialist power during the
reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901) and succeeded in establishing a global colonial
empire. She acquired Hong Kong from the Chinese Manchu Dynasty after the Opium
War (1840-1842); in 1859, the British imposed its supremacy in Indian subcontinent;
After the Anglo-Burmese Wars (1824-26, 1852 and 1885), Burma was annexed. Other
British colonies in Asia include Ceylon, Maldives, Malaya, Singapore and Egypt; and
Australia and New Zealand in the South Pacific. The French followed the examples of the
English; they acquired Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia as its territory known as French
Indochina. The Dutch established its domain in the East Indies (the present Indonesia).
Czarist Russia, expanded its territory eastward and acquired Siberia, Kamchatka
peninsula, the Kuriles Islands and Alaska (which was later sold to the US in 1867). Japan
joined the bandwagon of acquiring neighbouring territories following the opening of its
door to Western Imperialism. After the Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895) she acquired
Formosa (Taiwan) and Pescadores; in 1910 Korea was annexed to its dominion.
 Germany was the late comer to scramble for colonies and acquired the Pacific Island of
Yap in the Carolines.
Rizal on Imperialism said, “The Filipinos remained loyal and faithful to Mother
Spain for three centuries, giving up their liberty and independence, now
fascinated by the promised heaven, now flattered by the friendship offered them
by a great and noble nation(Mother Spain), and now compelled to submission by
the superiority of arms for persons with low opinion of themselves…or now
because of foreign invaders, taking advantage of the internal dissension, played
the role of the third party of divide and rule”
NEW IDEAS AND CONFIDENCE FOR GROWTH

• Democracy made significant gains by several reforms in government and social

relations. Human rights were extended to people.
• Large sums of money were spent for public education; education for nationalism was
stressed to teach the people of a nation on its own glories and achievements
• Science received a great boost from businessmen who spent money for research,
invention and discoveries.
• Literature centred on the life of the time as writers wrote about they saw and
experienced.
• Painters and artists painted life as it was all around them; musicians and composers
showed their feeling of nationalism in using folk songs and national themes.
 TASK NO. 1
Instruction:
Using the information presented make a simple graphic organizer that discuss the
conceptof the time when Rizal was
. Rubric
born

Criteria Good (5) Fair (3) Poor (1)

Main Idea Student identifies The title was The main idea
the correct main placed in the was not stated, or
idea. The main ideacorrect place not clear. The
is placed in the on thegraphic main idea was
correct place on the
organizer. not placed in the
graphic organizer. correct place.
OrganizationThe graphic The graphic The details
organizer was organizer was support the main
logically arranged adequately idea. The graphic
and provided arranged and organizerpoorly
sufficient detail. provided somearranged and
There has to be atdetail, but lessprovided
least five details than five wereinsufficient data.
given, andeyth all given.
support the main
idea.

IV. Summary

The condition of the world when Rizal was born made a great impact on his idea of
nationalism. During the 19th century, it was the time of change and chaos. The major
happenings that made a great change are the following: the struggle for nationalism, gradual
spread of democracy, modernization of living through the Industrial Revolution, advancement
in Science and Technology, growth of imperialism and the generation of ideas.

V. End of Module Assessment

Instruction: In not less than 50 words, discuss the following questions.

 1. Why do you think it is important to know the conditions of the society during the time of
Rizal? (5)
2. Explain how the prevailing philosophical thinking in Europe affected the rest of the
world including the Philippines. (5)

VI. Looking Ahead

1. What is Rizal’s full name?

2. When was Rizal born?
3. Who are the parents and siblings of Rizal?

VII. Self and Module Evaluation

How was your experience? Tell me about it.

Self-Evaluation (Write your response below)

4 - I learned a lot from this module

3 - I learned just right.

2 - I still need guidance on certain topics.

1 - I don’t understand anything discussed.

Your Answer -

VIII. Reference

Retrieved from:

https://www.slideshare.net/lelolewashawa/the -world-during-rizals-time