MSU-GSC ABE REVIEW CENTER ABE REVIEW CLASS 2021

POST TEST PART 2

Soil and Water Resources Development and Conservation,

Irrigation, Drainage and allied subjects
By: Engr. Rener B. Tandugon

Exam Guidelines:

1. Exam time at 8-12 noon

2. Participants can be categorized as on-cam and off-cam
3. Wear white t-shirt (with print will do). Sleeveless not allowed.
4. On cam participants are allowed only ONCE to request for personal necessity break
during the conduct of the exam. Otherwise, considered an off cam participant.
5. Maximum of 2 minutes only for a personal necessity break. Otherwise, considered an off
cam participant.
6. There should be only 3 participants at a time for personal necessity breaks to facilitate
easy monitoring.
7. Please notify the secretariat for the necessity break by sending thru zoom chat privately.
Wait for the reply before exiting for a break.
8. Discussions of answers at 1pm.

1. It is a loci of points that separates two adjacent watersheds, which then drain into
two different outlets.
A. Watershed divide
B. Catchment bound
C. Basin area peak
D. Watershed peak
E. None of the above
2. The typical watershed shapes have been generally described as pear-shaped
obloid. To watershed shapes that vary, it can be described quantitatively by
solving the form ratio (K) with the equation,
A. K=L2/A
B. K=L/A2
C. K=A/L2
D. K=A2/L
E. None of the above
3. These are narrow bands of high speed winds that circle each hemisphere at elevation
extending from 2.5 to 3 miles to above the tropopause.
A. Trade winds
B. Easterlies
C. Air jet pockets
D. Jet streams
E. None of the above
4. Lake Malaya has an overall area of 10km2 by which during the month of July of year 2021,
the lake evaporation was at 90mm. During that particular month, the total inflow to the lake
from several small tributaries amounted to 1.2m 3/s and the outflow from the lake from
another river was at 1.1m3/s. Also, the month recorded an increase of 100mm of water level.
Assume infiltration loss as insignificant. Compute for the total precipitation during that
month.
A. 94 mm
B. 104 mm C. 164 mm
D. 134 mm
E. None of the above
5. It is the rate of temperature change with elevation in the atmosphere.
A. Adiabatic lapse rate
B. Elevation lapse rate
C. Temperature lapse rate
D. Standard rate of lapse
E. None of the above
6. Mechanism of precipitation that is associated with the large movement of large air-mass
systems, in the case of warm or cold fronts.
A. Orographic
B. Convective
C. Cyclonic
D. Convective
E. None of the above
7. It is the measure of combined adhesive forces that bind the water molecules to solid walls
and the cohesive forces that attract water molecules to each other.
A. Hydraulic conductivity
B. Capillary suction
C. Phi Index
D. Molecular stress
E. None of the above
8. Zone of aeration that extends from surface to the water table including the capillary fringe
 A. Zone of saturation
B. Clay lens zone
C. Vadose zone
D. Aquifer zone
E. None of the above
9. A trapezoidal channel with side slopes of 2 to 1 is designed is designed to carry a normal
flow of 200cfs. The channel is grass-lined with Manning’s n of 0.025 and has a bottom slope
of 0.0006 ft/ft. Determine the normal depth.
A. 4.5 ft B. 4.3 ft C. 3.4 ft
D. 3.5 ft
E. None of the above
10. An irrigation canal can be represented as a single trapezoidal channel with a bottom width b
of 75 ft and a side slope of 4:1 (horizontal:vertical) on average. If the normal bankfull depth
is 25 ft in an access bridge, compute the normal flow rate in cfs for this section. Assume that
n=0.020 and So=2.0x10-4 for concrete lined channel.
A. 27,830 cfs B. 28,730 cfs C. 26,830 cfs
D. 29,730 cfs
E. None of the above
11. A water channel with a volumetric flow of 98m3/s is flowing in a critical flow condition.
Compute the Froude number (Fr) of the water channel.
A. 0.6 B. 0.8 C. 1.2
D. 1.0
E. None of the above
12. Water is flowing uniformly in an open channel (triangular in shape) at a rate of 14m 3/s. The
channel has a 1:1 side slopes and a roughness coefficient of n=0.012.
Determine the flow condition if the bottom slope is 0.006m/m.
A. Subcritical
B. Tranquil
C. Critical
D. Supercritical
E. None of the above
13. Compute the total flow seeping under a dam, if the width of dam is 20m with K value of 10 -5
m/s. Where an m value is 4, n value is 8, H value is 8.
 A. 3.46m3/day B. 69.2m3/day C. 4.46m3/day
D. 68.2m3/day
E. None of the above
14. A well is constructed to pump water from a confined aquifer. Two observation
wells, OW1 and OW2, are constructed at distances of 100m and 1000m
respectively. Water is pumped from a pumping well at a rate of 0.2m3/min. At
steady state, drawdown s’ is observed at 2 m in OW2 and 8 m in OW1. Determine
the hydraulic transmissivity T if the aquifer is 20m thick.
A. 2.04 cm2/s
B. 1.04 cm2/s
C. 0.122 cm2/s
D. 0.222 cm2/s
E. None of the above
15. A well is constructed to pump water from a confined aquifer. Two observation
wells, OW1 and OW2, are constructed at distances of 100m and 1000m
respectively. Water is pumped from a pumping well at a rate of 0.2m3/min. At
steady state, drawdown s’ is observed at 2 m in OW2 and 8 m in OW1. Determine
the hydraulic conductivity K if the aquifer is 20m thick.
A. 0.02x10-3 cm/s B. 1.02x10-3 cm/s C. 2.04x10-3 cm/s
D. 1.04x10-3 cm/s
E. None of the above
16. A conduit in which liquid flows with a free surface
A. Open channel
B. Pipe Flow
C. Canal
D. Waterways
E. None of the above
17. A plot between rainfall intensity vs time is called as
A. Hydrograph
B. Mass curve
C. Hyetograph
D. Isohyet
E. None of the above
18. The Thiessen polygon is
A. A polygon obtained by joining adjoining rain gauge stations
A representative area used for weighing the observed station precipitation.
C. An area used in the construction of depth-area curves
B.
 D. The descriptive term for the shape of a hydrograph
E. All of the above
19. Which of the following is an indirect stream flow determination technique?
A. Dilution method
B. Ultrasonic method
C. Area-velocity method
D. Slope-area method
E. None of the above
20. The total rainfall in a catchment of area 1200km 2 during a 6-hour storm is 16cm
while the surface run-off due to storm is 1.2x108 m3. The φ index is,
A. 0.1 cm/h B. 1.0 cm/h
C. 0.2 cm/h
D. Cannot be estimated with the given data
E. None of the above
21. The National Meat Inspection Service (NMIS) captured a van containing meat
that was slaughtered by an illegal slaughterhouse. The meat is considered as,
A. Black meat
B. Hot meat
C. Block meat
D. Unlawful meat
E. None of the above
22. Fresh milk of high purity to be delivered to the customer within 36 hours where
the number of bacteria is 10,000 or less per mL.
A. Evaporated milk
B. Pasteurized milk
C. Homogenized milk
D. Certified milk
E. None of the above
23. Meat deboned before the development of rigor mortis.
A. Green meat
B. Hot boned meat
C. Corned meat
D. Fresh boned meat
E. None of the above
24. The first step of animal digestion.
A. Deglutition
B. Regurgitation

C.
 Mastication
D. None of the above
E. None of the above
25. All of the following are factors influencing soil formation, except;
A. Climate
B. Organisms
C. Relief
D. Parent Material
E. Time
F. Humans
G. None of the above
26. The following are coarse fragments and are not considered part of the fine earth
fraction, except;
A. Gravels
B. Sands
C. Cobbles
D. Stones
E. None of the above
27. Particle density which ranges from <0.02mm to >0.002mm.
A. Grave
B. Sand
C. Silt
D. Clay
E. None of the above
28. Yam bean’s scientific name is; A. Brassica napobrassica
B. Sechium edule
C. Ipomoea batatas
D. Pachyrhizus erosus
E. None of the above
29. Soil nutrient that increases root growth proliferation.
A. Nitrogen
B. Phosphorus
C. Potassium
D. None of the above
E. All of the above

D.
30. These are materials added to serve as intake stimulants for fishes.
A. Attractants
B. Antioxidants
C. Antibiotics
Additives
E. None of the above
31. What is the sum of the first 50 terms of the progression 3,5,7,9…
A. 1025 B. 2600 C. 3025
D. 4600
E. None of the above
32. The given numbers are in harmonic progression, compute the value of x. 1, 1/5,
1/9, 1/x
A. 15 B. 19 C. 13
D. 17
E. None of the above
33. A certain job is to be finished in 50 days. A contractor estimated that he could
finish the job on time with 25 workers. He hired 30 workers in the beginning but
10 quit after 20 days. Five more workers resigned after 30 days. If all workers get
paid P300 per day and the liquidated damages is P20,000 for every full or part of
the day of delay, how much is the total cost of the project if the total material cost
is P2,500,000?
A. P4,375,000
B. P3,375,000 Note: Please note changes from the original
C. P4,075,000 question during the post test.

D. P3,075,000
E. None of the above
34. A container holds 3 litres of a 25% alcohol solution. One half litre of the solution
is withdrawn and replaced with one-half litre of pure alcohol. What is the
percentage of alcohol in the mixture?
A. 37.5% B. 12.5%
C. 36.5%
D. 24.5%
E. None of the above
35. What is the volume in cc of a right circular cone whose base radius is 12 cm and a
lateral area of 753.98 cm2?
A. 2,312.7 cm3 B. 2,412.7 cm3 C. 2,512.8 cm3
D. 2,612.8 cm3
E.
 None of the above

F.
36. Find the ratio of the surface area of a sphere in cm 2 to its volume in cm3, if the
radius is 8 cm.
A. 4:8 B. 3:7 C. 3:8
D. 4:7
E. None of the above
37. What is the equation of the circle whose centre is at (5,5) with a radius of 5?
A. x2+y2-10x-10y+25=0
B. x2+y2+6x-16y+55=0
C. x2+y2-4x-14y+25=0
D. x2+y2-10x-10y+55=0
E. None of the above
38. What is the length of the latus rectum of the parabola x2-6x-12y-15=0?
A. 9
B. 10 C. 11
D. 12
E. None of the above
39. The upper end of a 3m pipe leans against a vertical wall, while the lower end is on
a level concrete pavement extending to the wall. The lower end slides away at
constant rate of 2 cm/s. How fast is the upper end moving down in the wall in
cm/s when the lower end is 2m away from the wall?
A. 2.41 cm/s B. 1.41 cm/s C. 1.79 cm/s
D. 2.79 cm/s
E. None of the above
40. What is the area bounded by the curve y=8/x2 and the lines x=1, x=2 and the axis.
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3
D. 4
E. None of the above
41. Sales for a company are typically higher in the summer months than in winter
months. This variation would be called a
A. Trend factor
B. Seasonal factor
C. Random Factor
D. Cyclical Factor
E. None of the above
42. Values of the variable that divide a set or ranked data into 100 equal subsets.
A. Quartile
B. Variance
C. Median
 D. Percentile
E. None of the above
43. This measure of central tendency is adversely affected by extreme values or
outliers.
A. Median
B. Mean
C. Mode
D. Variance
E. None of the above
44. During research processes, the following leads to developing testable hypothesis,
except;
A. Library research
B. Deductive reasoning
C. Systematic observation
D. Pilot study
E. None of the above
45. The following are basic types of GIS applications, except;
A. Inventory
B. Assistance
C. Analysis
D. Management
E. None of the above
46. The difference between GIS from mapping and surveying
A. Temporal information
B. Attribute descriptions
C. Spatial analysis
D. Location determination
E. None of the above
47. In a contour map, it is the name of the darker contour lines.
A. Index contours
B. Key contours
C. Lines of deviation
D. Lines of elevations
E. None of the above
48. Uniform cell size is a description of?
A. A polygon data structure
B. A vector data structure
C. A raster data structure
D. A point data structure
 E. None of the above
49. The shapefile format is a digital vector format that is used for storage of
geometric locations and associated attribute information. While it consist of
several files with different file name extensions, three file names are needed to be
properly identified as shapefile. These are,
A. shp, sbn, prj
B. shp, shx, dbf
C. shp, sbn, dbf
D. shp, sbn, sbx
E. None of the above
50. It is used to extract features together with their attributes from one layer using a
polygon from another as the boundary of the output
A. Join
B. Merge
C. Union
D. Clip
E. None of the above
51. The distance of the geostationary satellite from earth is approximately,
A. 26,000 km B. 30,000 km C. 36,000 km
D. 44,000 km
E. None of the above
52. The following are members of the taping party except
A. Tapeman
B. Flagman
C. Recorder
D. Technician
E. None of the above
53. From the measured values of distance AB, the following data for four trials were
recorded. 120.68, 120.84, 120.76, 120.64. Compute for the probable error.
A. ±0.0299 B. ±0.0399 C. ±0.0199
D. ±0.0499
E. None of the above
54. A student was asked to make a 500m line using 25m tape that is of standard
length at temperature of 28oC. If the average temperature during measurement is
12 oC, what is the required measurement? Assume K=0.0000116m/ oC.
A. 500.9280 m B. 500.0928 m C. 500.0093 m
D. 500.0009 m
E. None of the above
55. Which of the following is not true if tape is too long?
A. Add correction when measuring distances
B. Subtract correction when laying out distances
C. Add corrections when laying out distances
D. None of the above
56. It is the distance from the perimeter of the irrigation area to the community or area
of concern that is sensitive to contamination.
A. Decontamination zone
B. Contamination zone
C. Setback distance
D. Perimeter line distance
E. None of the above
57. In computing crop water requirement in irrigation applications, which of the
following is not needed?
A. Actual evapotranspiration
B. Seepage
C. Crop water intake
D. Percolation
E. All of the above
58. Amount of water required in lowland rice production which is a function of the
initial soil moisture and the physical properties of the soil
A. Farm water requirement (FWR)
B. Land preparation water requirement (LPWR)
C. Crop water requirement (CWR)
D. Land soaking water requirement (LSR)
E. None of the above
59. A classification of current meter which measures velocity by the change of source
light or sound frequency from the frequency of reflections from moving particles.
A. Anemometer and propeller type
B. Electromagnetic
C. Doppler type
D. Optical strobe velocity meter
E. None of the above
60. In the design of drop structures for stability of canals when there is a substantial
elevation change, which of the following is not a design option?
A. Vertical drop
B. Straight-line drop
C. Rectangular inclined drop
D. Baffled apron drop
 E. None of the above
F. All of the bove

61. A device with individual scales on the rods to provide data to plot furrow depth as
a function of the lateral distance where data can then be numerically integrated to
develop geometric relationships such as area verses depth, wetted perimeter
versus depth and top-width verses depth
A. Profilometer
B. Perthometer
C. Surfometer
D. Interferometers
E. None of the above
62. Which of the following are the general types of sprinkler systems?
A. Periodic-Move system and Fixed system
B. Hand-Move system and Mechanical-Move system
C. Set system and Continuous Move system
D. None of the above
63. It is a type of emitter based on pressure dissipation mechanism where the fully
turbulent jet emitted at the outlet of the emitter is broken and converted into drop
by drop flow.
A. Short-path emitter
B. Long-path emitter
C. Tortuous-path emitter
D. Orifice type emitter
E. None of the above
64. In the computation of total freeboard in small water impounding systems, the
percentage added to the damn height to accommodate embankment settlement is?
A. 1-4% B. 2-5% C. 3-6%
D. 0-3%
E. None of the above
65. The additional height of the dam provided as a safety factor to prevent
overtopping by wave action or other causes.
A. Designed height
B. Finished height
C. Freeboard
D. Embankment
E. None of the above
66. The following method can be used in computing crest width in designing rockfill
dams, except;
A. USBR
 B. Merriman
C. Trantwine
D. JANCOLD
E. None of the above
67. Structure where a small barrier is built across the direction of water flow on
shallow rivers and streams intended to convey runoff during peak flow and to
slow and hold surface water long enough for the water to deposit sediment it is
carrying;
A. Rockfill dam
B. Diversion dam
C. Check dam
D. Embankment dam
E. None of the above
68. The following are types of shallow well, except,
A. Dug well
B. Bored well
C. Driven well
D. Jetted well
E. All of the above
F. None of the above
69. Limit of mercury as trace element in wastewater reuse for irrigation of landscapes
and crops.
A. 0.002 mg/L
B. 0.001 mg/L
C. 0.02 mg/L
D. 0.01 mg/L
E. None of the above
70. Method of analysis in determining lead content in wastewater reuse for irrigation.
A. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
B. Cold vapour technique
C. Diphenyl Carbazide Colorimetric Method
D. Carmine Method (Colorimetric Method)
E. None of the above
71. In a cotton farm, you have to calculate the cost of energy to pump water for
surface irrigation of cotton for 200 ha of land with an irrigation system that
requires 3 m of pressure head, and a pump that operates at 70% efficiency. The
cost of energy is P5.40/kW-hr. Assume that the surface irrigation system water
application efficiency is 65%. The cotton requires 91 cm of water per year.
 A. P176,040.00
B. P210,057.00
C. P148,094.00
D. P216,088.00
E. None of the above
72. The root depth of under vegetative stage bignay tree is 1.5 m. The soil has 56%
solid particles, and 44% voids. After drainage, the 50% of the void volume
contains water and 50% holds air. At the wilting point, the void volume is 25%
water. Compute for the soil water holding capacity (SWHC).
A. 15.0 cm
B. 14.5 cm
C. 12.0 cm
D. 16.5 cm
E. None of the above
73. Calculate the conveyance efficiency to field from point of water diversion to
the irrigation district in a rice farm in Norala, South Cotabato. The conveyance
efficiency of the irrigation district up to the farm turn out is 70%. The main
concrete canal on the farm has a conveyance efficiency of 90% and the
earthlined canal has a conveyance efficiency of 80%. The perimeter drain canal
for grey water of the water district office has a conveyance efficiency of 90%.
A. 45%
B. 50%
C. 72%
D. 63%
E. None of the above
74. If the head, H, over the standard Cipolletti weir is 0.1m and the weir blade
length, Lb, is 0.3m, what is the flow rate?
A. 0.001 m3/s
B. 0.011 m3/s
C. 0.023 m3/s
D. 0.018 m3/s
E. None of the above
75. If a canal were to travel down a relatively steep slope, select the appropriate
strategy that can be used to prevent supercritical flow in the canal.
A. In order to maintain subcritical flow over the majority of the canal, energy
must be dissipated in a series of structures such as steeply sloped chutes,
weirs, concrete apron or blocks in order to dissipate energy.
B. In order to maintain subcritical flow over the majority of the canal, the
flow must follow a smooth spillway to increase smooth flow.
 C. In order to maintain subcritical flow over the majority of the canal, the
design must be accurate so that the Froude number will be maintained at
above 1.0
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
76. A sprinkler has a flow rate of 5 gpm at 20 psi. What is the flow rate at 25 psi?
A. 5.2 gpm
B. 6.5 gpm
C. 6.2 gpm
D. 5.6 gpm
E. None of the above
77. The maximum allowable velocity in PVC irrigation pipes is typically specified
as
1.5 m/s. What is the kinetic energy of water at this velocity?
A. 0.8 kPa
B. 1.0 kPa
C. 0.9 kPa
D. 1.1 kPa
E. None of the above
78. The maximum allowable velocity in PVC irrigation pipes is typically specified
as 1.5 m/s. If the irrigation system operates at 350kPa, then what percent of the
operational energy is kinetic?
A. 0.31%
B. 13%
C. 31%
D. 0.13%
E. None of the above
79. What is the total energy of water in a pipe that is 5m above the datum with the
pressure 350kPa and water velocity 1.5 m/s?
A. 35.7 m
B. 42.7 m
C. 0.114 m
D. 42.8 m
E. None of the above
80. If water table is very high, the irrigation canal becomes useless due to
A. Large amount of seepage
B. Water logging of the cultivated areas
C. Uncertain water demand
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
81. It is a biological contaminant on water which ranges from 2 to 15 microns. Its
most common examples are Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, and
Cryptosporidium. These cause diarrhea and gastroenteritis.
A. Protozoa
B. Bacteria
C. Viruses
D. Germs
E. None of the above
82. It is the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent
A. Mass concentration
B. Normal concentration (normality)
C. Molar concentration (molarity)
D. Molal concentration (molality)
E. None of the above
83. Device used to measure turbidity or water transparency
A. Secchi disk
B. Angelo disk
C. Pietro disk
D. Horton disk
E. None of the above
84. A water treatment process that needs pressure difference on the order of 10 to
70 bars which drives water across special membranes, rejecting nearly all
organics and 90 to 99% of all ions. Over 99.9% of viruses and bacteria are also
removed. A fraction of the source water, the concentrate or reject water, carries
the rejected ions and other constituents to disposal.
A. Ion exchange
B. Chlorination
C. Reverse osmosis
D. Clarification
E. None of the above
85. Which of the following is not an example of soil bioengineering technique?
A. Envirolog
B. Coir roll
C. Coir mat
D. Live fascine
E. None of the above
86. Which of the following is correct referring to the progression energy levels of
soil bioengineering techniques if low-high is considered?
A. Gabions-Green Terramesh-Envirologs-Brushmattress-Coir Mat
B. Coir mat-Brushmattress-Envirologs-Green terramesh-Gabions
 C. Coir Mat -Gabions-Green Terramesh-Envirologs-Brushmattress
D. Gabions-Green Terramesh-Envirologs- Coir Mat-Brushmattress
E. None of the above
87. A type of erosion which can be removed easily by tillage.
A. Gully
B. Stream channel
C. Rill
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
88. Wind erosion is more in,
A. Rocky soil
B. Cohesive soil
C. Non cohesive soil
D. Sticky soil
E. None of the above
89. It is the advance stage of rill erosion.
A. Sheet erosion
B. Soil erosion
C. Rain drop erosion
D. Splash erosion
E. None of the above
90. The sand, silt and clay relative proportion in soils determine the ,
A. Soil structure
B. Soil type
C. Soil texture
D. Soil nutrients
E. None of the above
91. In soil conservation, the best way to conserve soil is,
A. Wind screens
B. Restricted human activity
C. Low rainfall
D. Good plant cover
E. None of the above
92. Soil binding is considered an excellent method to ensure soil conservation. It is
best done with?
A. Algae
B. Grasses
C. Mycorrhizae
D. Trees
E. None of the above
93. Trees, fruit trees and shrubs are planted in long rows along streams, they’re
termed as;
A. Shelter belts
B. Soil binders
C. Wind breaks
D. Basin blisters
E. None of the above
94. The soil permeability can be decreased due to blockers called
A. Clods
B. Peds
C. Pans
D. Clays
E. None of the above
95. The term riparian erosion can be applied to;
A. Sheet erosion B.
Wind erosion
C. Gully erosion
D. Streambank erosion
E. None of the above
96. Compute the evaporation for the month of June from a shallow pond if the
surface water temperature is 15°C, the average wind speed at 7.6 m height is
1.4 m/s, and the average temperature and relative humidity at 7.6 m height are
22°C and 40%, respectively.
A. 91 mm/month
B. 95 mm/month
C. 99 mm/month
D. 87 mm/month
E. None of the above
97. Calculate the composite hydraulic conductivity of a 0.9 m soil profile having
three soil layers. The top soil layer is 0.3 m thick and has a vertical saturated
hydraulic conductivity of 15 mm/h, and that of the middle layer (0.2 m thick)
and bottom layer (0.4 m thick) are 2.0 and 8.0 mm/h, respectively.
A. 1.4 mm/h
B. 2.4 mm/h
C. 5.3 mm/h
D. 6.3 mm/h
E. None of the above
98. Use the Horton equation to estimate the infiltration rate of a soil after 20 min of
infiltration. The initial infiltration rate of the soil is 75 mm/h, the steady-state
infiltration rate is 10 mm/h and the constant k is 12.5 per hour.
 A. 11.0 mm/h
B. 14.2 mm/h
C. 17.0 mm/h
D. 15.2 mm/h
E. None of the above
99. Estimate the time of concentration for a 10-year strom from a 45 ha of
farmland (row crop, good practice) near MSU Gensan. The average gradient is
0.5%, the maimum flow path is 975 m and the soil are clays.
A. 45 min
B. 30 min
C. 15 min
D. 60 min
100. The annual erosion prediction of a slope in a watershed under monitoring is 3.2
Mg/ha. The watershed is about 1000 ha in size. Estimate the amount of
sediment being delivered annually to the lake at the bottom of the watershed if
the delivery ratio is 0.22.
A. 3,200 Mg/yr
B. 14,500 Mg/yr
C. 700 Mg/yr
D. 2,500 Mg/yr