Reading – Unit 10

CAMPUS TOEIC
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Types of Verbs, Modals, & Conditionals

Heading 1
A. Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

Heading 2 Verbs
B. Modal

C. Conditionals
Heading 4

D. Practice
Heading 4

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Verbs express actions (e.g. walk, eat), existence (e.g. be,

become, exist), mental conditions (e.g. think, believe), and
so on.

There are three main classes of verbs: lexical (e.g. attend,

sleep, work), auxiliary (e.g. do, be, have), and modal (e.g.
will, can, must).

Lexical and auxiliary verbs change their forms according to

tense, person, and number while modal verbs do not change
their forms.

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AA Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

All lexical verbs can be divided into two types: transitive or

intransitive
● Transitive verbs are basically complete in themselves and do not
need any further elements to complete their meaning.
● Intransitive verbs need objects to make their meaning complete.

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AA Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

1 Form
Whether transitive or intransitive, verb forms are either regular
(walk, walks, walked, walking) or irregular (speak, speaks, spoke,
spoken, speaking).

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AA Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

1 Form
English has a large proportion of transitive verbs and a relatively
small number of intransitive verbs.
It is convenient first to remember those intransitive verbs frequently
used on the TOEIC.

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AA Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

2 Use

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AA Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

2 Use

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AA Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

2 Use
Verbs that take two objects

To give hand lend offer pass sell send show teach

For buy get

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AB Modal Verbs

Modal verbs add extra meanings to main verbs by showing degrees of

certainty, obligation, freedom to act, and ability.

1 Form

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AB Modal Verbs

2 Meaning & Use

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AB Modal Verbs

2 Meaning & Use

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AC Conditionals
Conditionals are used to express a condition or hypothesis
about a situation.

1 Form

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AC Conditionals

2 Meaning & Use

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AC Conditionals

2 Meaning & Use

(5) Without / But for

● Without your help, I could not pass the exam.
= But for your help, I could not pass the exam.
● Without your help, I could not have passed the exam.
= But for your help, I could not have passed the exam.

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PART 5: INCOMPLETE SENTENCES

Questions 1-10 Choose the word that best completes each sentence.

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Campus Toeic - Reading - Lesson 9

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PART 6: TEXT COMPLETION

Questions 1-3 refer to the following advertisement.

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PART 7: READING COMPREHENSION

Questions 1-5 refer to the following notice and e-mail.

Please refer to page 196

in your book for the text.

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Campus Toeic - Reading