UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL

ESTADO DE HIDALGO
Instituto de Ciencias Económico
Administrativas
NOMBRE
Sexto “Dos”
Lic.en Administración

Contenido
TOPIC 1: PRESENT SIMPLE VS PRESENT CONTINUOUS.............................................................................2
TOPIC 2: PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE VS SIMPLE PAST.............................................................................5
TOPIC 3: PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS...............................................................................................7
TOPIC 4: PAST SIMPLE TENSE VS PAST CONTINUOUS...............................................................................9
TOPIC 5: PAST PERFECT SIMPLE........................................................................................................... 11
TOPIC 6: MODAL VERBS OF ADVICE............................................................................................... 13
TOPIC 7: MODAL VERBS OF OBLIGATION............................................................................................... 16
TOPIC 8: MODAL VERBS OF PERMISSION................................................................................................. 18

TOPIC 9: PHRASAL VERBS.................................................................................................................... 19

TOPIC 10: FUTURE WILL AND GOING TO................................................................................................ 21
TOPIC 11: FUTURE ARANGEMENTS (PRESENT CONTINUOUS)...................................................23
TOPIC 12: MODAL VERBS OF PROBABILITY............................................................................................ 25
TOPIC 13: QUESTION FORMS................................................................................................................. 28
TOPIC 14: ADJECTIVES –ED AND -ING..................................................................................................... 31
TOPIC 15: ADJECTIVES – ADVERBS................................................................................................ 33
DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 1
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 1: P RESENT S IMPLE VS P RESENT C ONTINUOUS
SOURCE:http://www.oupchina.com.hk/elt/progress/ProgressGradedGram
mar.pdf

USE / STRUCTURE
PRESENT SIMPLE

Here are some more ways we use the simple present:

1.- To give instructions/directions
First, you boil some water and then you add the noodles and cook them for three
minutes.
When you exit the MTR station, cross King’s Road and go two blocks down.
2.- To make promises
I promise to be very careful with your digital camera.
I swear never to let you down.
3.- To tell stories (for immediacy)
Then she goes to the door and opens it and the monster pops out!
She finishes her homework and then the phone rings.

In positive we use two conjugations. One is the simple form and the other is the “s” form
(play/plays)
In negative sentences we use the auxiliaries don’t and doesn’t and the verb is ALWAYS in
the simple form. (She doesn’t work) In the question form we use auxiliaries do and does and
also the verb goes in the simple form. The subject goes in between the auxiliary and the
verb. (Do you work here?) WORDS: always, every, often, normally, usually, sometimes,
seldom, never, then.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Here are some more ways we use the present continuous:

1.- To talk about ongoing changes

You are getting fatter and fatter.
He is becoming a responsible young man.
2.- To talk about repeated actions
That boy is kicking the back of my chair.
The cat is scratching that sofa to pieces.
3.- To talk about background events in a story
Then she goes to the door and opens it and the monster is standing there!
She is doing her homework and the phone rings.

2
When we construct the present continuous we use the verb to be. Therefore we DO NOT USE
auxiliaries do, does, don’t or doesn’t. Use the “ing” form after the verb to be. WORDS: at the
moment, at this moment, today, now, right now, Listen!, Look!

NOMBRE
USES COMPARISON

SIMPLE PRESENT PRESENT CONTINUOUS

For permanent situations
She lives in Quarry Bay.
For repeated actions not connected to the
moment of speaking
She takes dancing lessons on Monday
evenings.
For future events in an itinerary
We arrive in Shanghai at 2.30 p.m.
For illnesses/physical states
I have a cold./My head aches.
For preferences/opinions
I love pizza.
For temporary situations
She is staying in the Kowloon Hotel.
For repeated actions connected to the
moment of speaking
She is taking dancing lessons now but before
she took Putonghua lessons.
For planned future events
We are going to Shanghai next week.
For physical states only
My head is aching.
For feelings we are experiencing now
I am enjoying every bite of this delicious pizza.

3
 EXERCISE

Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple present or present progressive).

is leaving

NOMBRE
1. Look! He (leave)   the house.
am writing
2. Quiet please! I (write)   a test.
walks
3. She usually (walk)   to school.
is going
4. But look! Today she (go)   by bike.
go
5. Every Sunday we (go)   to see my grandparents.
goes
6. He often (go)   to the cinema.
are playing
7. We (play)   Monopoly at the moment.
cries
8. The child seldom (cry)  .
am not doing
9. I (not / do)   anything at the moment.
does he wat
10. (watch / he)   the news regularly?

4
DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 2
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 2: PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE VS SIMPLE PAST
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most trusted English course.
Liz and Jhon Soars. Second Edition.

USE / STRUCTURE

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

The same form (have + past participle) exist in many European laguages, but the
uses in English are different. In English the Present Perfect links past and present. It
expresses the effect of the past on the present. The present means “completed
before now”. The present Perfect doesn´t express when action happened. If we say
the exact time, we use the past simple.
In my life, I have traveled to all seven continents. I traveled around Africa in
1998.

FORM
Has/have been+past participle I ´ve lived in Seoul.
Have you always lived in Paris Yes I have.

USE
Unifised past: The present perfect express an action that began in the past and still continues.
We´ve lived in the same house for 25 years.
How long have you known each other?
They have been married for 20 years.

Experience: The present perfect express an experience that happened at some time in one´s life. The
action finished, but the effects of the action are still felt.

I´ve been to the United States. (I still remember) ever, never, before
Have you ever had an operation (at any time in your life)
How many times have you been married ?

Present Result: The present perfect express a past action that has a present result. The action is
usually in the recent past.
The taxi hasn´t arrived yet. Yet, already, just
Have you done to your lip?

5
SIMPLE PAST

1. To talk about many kinds of past events: short, quickly finished actions and happenings,

NOMBRE
longer situations, and repeated events.

Peter broke a leg last night.

HOWEVER: when the focus is on the past cause, not the present result:
This is a nice picture. Did you paint it yourself?
2. With references to finished periods and moments of time.
I saw John yesterday morning. He told me …
3. In story telling and when we’re telling people about past events.
BUT: I wrote 5 letters since lunch.

EXERCISE

1. I´ve been to the United States 

2. Peter broke a leg last night 
3. Have you ever had an operation ? 
4. I saw John yesterday morning. 
5. How many times have you been married ? 
6. The taxi hasn´t arrived yet. 
7. Did you paint it yourself? 
8. We´ve lived in the same house for 25 years. 
9. Have you always lived in Paris 
10.

6
 DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 3
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 3 : PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most trusted English course.
Liz and Jhon Soars. Second Edition.

USE / STRUCTURE
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

FORM

Subject + auxiliary verb + auxiliary verb + main verb

Have/has been base + ing

USE

We use the present perfect continuous for events that began at a point of time, are
continuing now and will probably continue in the future.

I have been playing tennis since I was 6 years old.

She has been working here for 15 years.

2. We use it for actions that began in the past and have only just finished.

I've been skiing all day. I'm so tired.

Hello! We've been waiting for you since 5 o'clock.

The present perfect continuous is used to talk about an activity that's recently stopped or just
stopped and that has a connection with now.
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only,
never, ever, still, just, etc.

Examples:
 You have only been waiting here for one hour.
 Have you only been waiting here for one hour?

SIGNAL WORDS

 all day, for 4 years, since 1993, how long?, the whole week

7
 EXERCISE
Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect progressive).

1. He has been working  in this company since 1985.

NOMBRE
2. I have been waiting  for you since two o'clock.
3. Mary has been living  in Germany since 1992.
4. Why is he so tired? He has been playing  tennis for five hours.
5. How long have you been learning    English?

8
DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 4
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 4: PAST SIMPLE TENSE VS PAST CONTINUOUS
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most trusted English course.
Liz and Jhon Soars. Second Edition.

USE / STRUCTURE
Past Simple vs Past Continuous

FORM
I played football. I/he/she/it was playing football.
We/you/they were playing football.
I did not play football. /I didn't play football.
I/he/she/it wasn't playing football.
We/you/they weren't playing football.
Did you play football? Was I/he/she/it playing football?
USE

1. The most common use of the past continuous tense is to talk about something that was
happening around a particular time in the past.
a. What were you doing at 8 o’clock last night? I was watching television.
b. I started watching television before 8 o’clock and I continued watching it after 8 o’clock.
c. In 1994 he was working in a small town in Poland.
d. At 6 o’clock on Saturday morning we were travelling to the airport.

2. We often use the past continuous and the past simple tense together. When this happens,
the past continuousdescribes a longer, ‘background’ action or situation and the past
simple describes the action or events.

a. When I woke up this morning it was raining and my father was singing in the kitchen.
b. I was walking home, whistling happily, when I saw two masked men run out of the bank.
c. Often, the ‘action’ described by the past simple tense interrupts the ‘situation’ described
by the past continuous tense.
d. I broke my leg when I was skiing.
e. I was playing a computer game when the doorbell rang.
f. Notice that the past continuous describes ‘situations’ that go on for some time – ‘skiing’
and ‘playing’ but the past simple describes ‘actions’ that happen quickly – ‘broke’ and
‘rang’.

1. Notice too the important difference between these two sentences.

2. When they arrived, Jeff was cooking dinner. Jeff started cooking before they arrived.
3. When they arrived, Jeff cooked dinner.  Jeff started cooking dinner after they arrived.

9
EXERCISE

NOMBRE

10
DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 5
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 5: PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most trusted English course.
Liz and Jhon Soars. Second Edition.

USE / STRUCTURE
Past Perfect Simple

FORM

[had + past participle]

USE

The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action
in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the
past.

 You had studied English before you moved to New York.

 Had you studied English before you moved to New York?
 You had not studied English before you moved to New York.
With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use
the Past Perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until
another action in the past.
 We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
 By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years.
 They felt bad about selling the house because they had owned it for more than forty
years.
Although the above use of Past Perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs
and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach," and
"study" are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT Non-Continuous
Verbs.

 already, just, never, not yet, once, until that day (with reference to the past, not
the present)
 If-Satz Typ III (If I had talked, …)

Unlike with the Present Perfect, it is possible to use specific time words or phrases with the
Past Perfect. Although this is possible, it is usually not necessary.

11
Example:

 She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with
them in 1996.

NOMBRE
MOREOVER

If the Past Perfect action did occur at a specific time, the Simple Past can be used instead of
the Past Perfect when "before" or "after" is used in the sentence. The words "before" and
"after" actually tell you what happens first, so the Past Perfect is optional. For this reason,
both sentences below are correct.

Examples:

 She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with
them in 1996.
 She visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in
1996.
EXERCISE
1. The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we had built  .
2. He had not been  to Cape Town before 1997.
3. When she went out to play, she had already done  her homework.
4. My brother ate all of the cake that our mum had made  .
5. The doctor took off the plaster that he had put on  six weeks before.
6. The waiter brought a drink that I had not ordered  .
7. I could not remember the poem we had learned  the week before.
8. The children collected the chestnuts that had fallen  from the tree.
9. Had he phoned    Angie before he went to see her in London?
10. She had not ridden  a horse before that day.

12
DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 6
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 6: MODAL VERBS OF ADVICE
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most trusted English course.
Liz and Jhon Soars. Second Edition.

USE / STRUCTURE
Modal Verbs are used to give advice or suggestions.  There 
are two modal verbs used for advice:  Should and Would.

Should
Should is used for advice in the present.  The structure is
as 
follows:

Subject  +  Should  +  Base Verb

 You should eat healthy food.

 You should exercise every day.
Should + Have + Past Participle
 You should have gone to the party.
 She should have studied more often.
It is common to use "should" to give negative advice.  In
this 
case, add "not".
 You should not smoke.
 You should not eat too much candy.
Would

The modal verb "would" is used to give advice.  In this 

situation, the speaker is giving hypothetical advice as if 
he/she were the listener.  Here are some examples:

13
  If I were you, I would return the book.

NOMBRE
 If I were you, I would not wear that jacket.

It is not always necessary to include "If I were you".

 I wouldn't eat that.

 I would choose the red shoes.

Normally, would is used to talk about yourself, and should is 

used to talk about someone else.

Example:

I would study tonight if I were you.

 You should study tonight.

It is also common to ask for advice using these modal verbs:

 What should I do?

 What would you do?

14
 EXERCISE

Choose the correct modal verbs for these pieces of advice.

NOMBRE
1. You __________ eat more vegetables. 
a) would
b) should

2. I __________ buy those shoes if I were you. 

a) wouldn't
b) shouldn't

3. She __________ pay attention in class.

a) would
b) should

4. The students __________ arrive on time for class. 

a) would
b) should

5. If I were you, I __________ take a different course.

a) would
b) should

6. I __________ wear those pants if I wereher.

a) wouldn't
b) shouldn't

15
DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 7
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 7: MODAL VERBS OF OBLIGATION
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most trusted English course

We can use have to + infinitive, must + infinitive and should + infinitive to express obligation (something you

have to do).

Positive Negative
Present

have to / strong obligation (possibly from outside) no obligation

don't have to
Children have to go to school. I don't have to work on
Sundays.

(sometimes 'have got to') You don't have to eat

anything you don't like.
must / mustn't strong obligation (possibly based on the negative obligation
speaker's opinion)

I must study today. You mustn't smoke here.

should / mild obligation or advice mild negative obligation or

shouldn't advice

You should save some money. You shouldn't smoke so

much.

Be careful about the difference between mustn't and don't have to! Mustn't  means it's not allowed,

or it's a bad idea:

16
  You mustn't eat so much chocolate, you'll be sick
Don't have to means you don't need to do something, but it's fine if you want to do it:

I don't have to get up early at the weekend (of course, if I want to get up early, that's fine, but I can

NOMBRE
stay in bed if I want).

EXERCISE
 Modals of Obligation 1 Put in 'mustn't' or 'don't / doesn't have to':
mustn't
1) We have a lot of work tomorrow. You  be late.Correct!
mustn't
2) You  tell anyone what I just told you. It's a secret.Correct!
don't have
3) The museum is free. You  pay to get in.Correct!
mustn't
4) Children  tell lies. It's very naughty.Correct!
doesn't hav
5) John's a millionaire. He  go to work.Correct!
mustn't
6) I  do my washing because my mother does it for me.Try Again!
don't have
7) We  rush. We've got plenty of time.Correct!
mustn't
8) You  smoke inside the school.Correct!
mustn't
9) You can borrow my new dress, but you  get it dirty.Correct!
don't have to
10) We  miss the train, because it's the last one tonight

DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 8
NAME:

17
T OPIC 8: MODAL VERBS OF PERMISSION
SOURCE:http://www.shertonenglish.com/resources/es/modal-
permission.php

NOMBRE
USE / STRUCTURE

EXERCISE
1 If you want to lose weight, you shouldn't eat pasta, potatoes, white
bread or white rice.
2 It's alright. You don't have to come to Muriel's wedding if you don't
want to.
3 Stupid boy! You mustn't play with matches!
4 I haven't heard from Eleonora for ages. Maybe I ought to/should
give her a ring.
5 You must remember your passport. Otherwise they won't let you on
the plane.
6 The weather forecast says this weekend will be fine.  We
oughtto/should go on a picnic.
7 You mustn't go there on your own. It's extremely dangerous.
8 You don't have to come if you don't feel like it.
9 You shouldn't take life so seriously. Relax a bit.
10 You should make it yourself.

DATE:

NO. ACTIVITY: 9
NAME:

T OPIC 9: P HRASAL V ERBS

18
SOURCE:http://www.shertonenglish.com/resources/es/phrasal-verbs.php

USE / STRUCTURE

NOMBRE
1. A phrasal verb is a verb plus a preposition or adverb which creates a meaning different from the
original verb.

Example:

I ran into my teacher at the movies last night. run + into = meet

He ran away when he was 15. run + away = leave home

2. Some phrasal verbs are intransitive. An intransitive verb cannot be followed by an object.

Example:

He suddenly showed up. "show up" cannot take an object

3. Some phrasal verbs are transitive. A transitive verb can be followed by an object.

Example:

I made up the story. "story" is the object of "make up"

4. Some transitive phrasal verbs are separable. The object is placed between the verb and the
preposition. In this Phrasal Verb Dictionary, separable phrasal verbs are marked by placing a *
between the verb and the preposition / adverb.

Example:

I talked my mother into letting me borrow the car.

She looked the phone number up.

5. Some transitive phrasal verbs are inseparable. The object is placed after the preposition. In
this Phrasal Verb Dictionary, inseparable phrasal verbs are marked by placing a + after the
preposition / adverb.

Example:
I ran into an old friend yesterday.

They are looking into the problem.

6. Some transitive phrasal verbs can take an object in both places. In this Phrasal Verb
Dictionary, such phrasal verbs are marked with both * and + .

Example:

I looked the number up in the phone book.

I looked up the number in the phone book.

7. WARNING! Although many phrasal verbs can take an object in both places, you must put the
object between the verb and the preposition if the object is a pronoun.

Example:

I looked the number up in the phone book.

I looked up the number in the phone book.

I looked it up in the phone book. correct

19
 EXERCISE
 1.- Quick! Get on the bus. It's ready to leave. 
2.-  I don't know where my book is. I have to look for it. 

NOMBRE
 3.- It's dark inside. Can you switch on the light, please? 
 4.- Fill in the form, please. 
5.-  I need some new clothes. Why don't you try on these jeans? 
6.- It's warm inside. Take off your coat. 
7.- This pencil is really old. You canthrow it away. 
8.- It's so loud here. Can you turn down the radio a little. 

20
DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 10
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 10: FUTURE WILL AND GOING TO
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most trusted English course

USE / STRUCTURE
When we want to talk about future facts or things we believe to be true
about the future, we use 'will'.
 The President will serve for four years.
 The boss won't be very happy.
 I'm sure you'll like her.
 I'm certain he'll do a good job.
If we are not so certain about the future, we use 'will' with expressions
such as 'probably', 'possibly', 'I think', 'I hope'.
 I hope you'll visit me in my home one day.
 She'll probably be a great success.
 I'll possibly come but I may not get back in time.
 I think we'll get on well.
If you are making a future prediction based on evidence in the present
situation, use 'going to'.
 Not a cloud in the sky. It's going to be another warm day.
 Look at the queue. We're not going to get in for hours.
 The traffic is terrible. We're going to miss our flight.
 Be careful! You're going to spill your coffee.
At the moment of making a decision, use 'will'. Once you have made the
decision, talk about it using 'going to'.
 I'll call Jenny to let her know. Sarah, I need Jenny's number. I'm going to call her
about the meeting.
 I'll come and have a drink with you but I must let Harry know. Harry, I'm going to have
a drink with Simon.

21
EXERCISE

NOMBRE

22
DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 11
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 11: FUTURE ARANGEMENTS (PRESENT
CONTINUOUS)
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most trusted English course

USE / STRUCTURE
1. Present Continuous for the Future: Form

See notes on form in section on Present Continuous.

Subject + to be + base-ing

She is meeting
2. Future: Present Continuous for the Future: Function

The present continuous is used to talk about arrangements for events at a time later than
now. 
There is a suggestion that more than one person is aware of the event, and that some
preparation has already happened. e.g.

 I'm meeting Jim at the airport = and both Jim and I have discussed this.
 I am leaving tomorrow. = and I've already bought my train ticket.
 We're having a staff meeting next Monday = and all members of staff have been told
about it.
Examples

 Is she seeing him tomorrow?

 He isn't working next week.
 They aren't leaving until the end of next year.
 We are staying with friends when we get to Boston.

Note: in example (a), seeing is used in a continuous form because it means meeting.

BE CAREFUL! The simple present is used when a future event is part of a programme or

time-table. Notice the difference between:

a. We're having a staff meeting next Monday. 

b. We have a staff meeting next Monday.(= we have a meeting every Monday, it's on the
time-table.)

23
 EXERCISE

1. Say if the Present Continuous expresses a) an activity happening now or b) a planned

NOMBRE
future

arrangement.

a. It’s eight o’clock, Meg. Are you getting ready for school? a

b. What time are Paul and Paula coming for dinner tonight? b

c. Why are you laughing? a

d. Where’s Jim? He’s taking the dog out for a walk. a

e. What are you doing after school? b

f. Are you enjoying the lesson? a

g. She is working late next Friday? b

24
DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 12
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 12: MODAL VERBS OF PROBABILITY
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most trusted English course

USE / STRUCTURE
1: Talking about the present: must / might / could / may / can't

 must + infinitive
 might / might not + infinitive
 could / could not + infinitive
 may / may not + infinitive
 can't + infinitive

For example:

I am waiting for Julie with another friend, David.

I ask: 'Where is Julie?'
David guesses:

 She must be on the bus. (I'm fairly sure this is a good guess)
 She might come soon. (maybe)
 She could be lost. (maybe)
 She may be in the wrong room. (maybe)
 She can't be at home. (I'm fairly sure this isn't true)

Notice that the opposite of 'must' is 'can't in this case.

Will / won't

We use will and won't when we are very sure:

 She'll be at work now.

Should / shouldn't

Should and shouldn't are used to make an assumption about what is probably true, if everything is as we
expect:

 They should be there by now.

 It shouldn't take long to drive here.

This use of should isn't usually used for negative events. Instead, it's a better idea to use will :

 The underground will be very busy now (not: 'should be').

Will / won't

We use will and won't when we are very sure:

 She'll be at work now.

Should / shouldn't

Should and shouldn't are used to make an assumption about what is probably true, if everything is as we
expect:

25
  They should be there by now.
 It shouldn't take long to drive here.

This use of should isn't usually used for negative events. Instead, it's a better idea to use will :

The underground will be very busy now (not: 'should be').

NOMBRE
Can

Can is used for something that is generally possible, something we know sometimes happens:

 Prices can be high in London.

Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities:

 He could be on the bus (not: 'can be').

2: Using modal verbs to talk about the past:

must / might / could / may / can't + have + past participle

 must have + past participle

 might / might not have + past participle
 could / couldn't have + past participle
 may / may not have + past participle
 can't have + past participle

For example:
You: Where was Julie last night?
David:

 She must have forgotten about our date.

 She might have worked late.
 She could have taken the wrong bus.
 She may have felt ill.
 She can't have stayed at home.

Will / won't + have + past participle

Will and won't / will not + have + past participle are used for past certainty (compare with present use of 'will'
above):

 The parcel will have arrived before now.

Should + have + past participle

Should + have + past participle can be used to make an assumption about something that has probably
happened, if everything is as we expect (compare with present use of 'should' above):

 The train should have left by now

Could

We can use could + infinitive to talk about a general possibility in the past (compare with the use of 'can' above):

 Prices could be high in the sixteenth century.

This is not used to talk about specific possibilites in the past (instead we use could + have + past participle ):

He could have been working late (not: 'could be'. As this is a specific possiblity, 'could be' is present tense)

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 EXERCISE
 must have + past participle
 might / might not have + past participle
 could / couldn't have + past participle

NOMBRE
 may / may not have + past participle
 can't have + past participle

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DATE:
NO. ACTIVITY: 13
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 13: QUESTION FORMS
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most trusted English course

USE / STRUCTURE

1) If the answer is "No", we either use the long or the contracted form (short form).
Example: No, I am not - No, I'm not.

Yes, I am.
Ar you from Germany?
e amnot.
No, I 'mnot.

Is he your friend? Yes, he is.

Ar Peter and John from England? Yes, the are.

e y

2) Questions with question words - be

Question Verb Rest Answer

word

Where are you from? I'm from Stuttgart.

What is your name? My name is Peter.

How are Pat and Sue? They're fine.

3) Yes/No Questions and short answers - have

Auxiliar Yes/N Auxiliary

y Subject Verb Rest o Subject
(+ n't)

Have you got a cat? Yes, I have.

Have you got a new car? No, we haven't.

Has your brother got a bike? Yes, he has.

Do you have a cat? Yes, I do.

Do you have a new car? No, we don't.

Does your brother have a bike? Yes, he does.

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4) Questions with question words - have

Question Auxiliar Subject Verb Rest Answer

word y

NOMBRE
Where have you got your I'vegot it in my pencil case.
ruler?

Where do you have your

ruler? I have it in my pencil case.

5) Questions without question words in the Simple Present

Auxiliar Subject Verb Rest Yes/No Subject Auxiliary (+ n't)

y

Yes, I do.
Do you read books?
No, I don't.

Does Peter play football Yes, he does.

?

6) Questions with question words in the Simple Present

Question Auxiliar Subject Verb Rest Answer

word y

What do you play on your I play games on my

computer? computer.

When does your go to work? She goes to work at 6

mother o'clock.

Where do you meet your friends? I meet them at the bus

stop.

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 EXERCISE
Ask an appropriate question for the response

NOMBRE
 A steak, please.
What w ould you like?

 Oh, I stayed at home and watched tv.

What did you do?

 She is reading a book at the moment.

What is she doing?

 We are going to visit France.

Where are you going?

 I usually get up at 7 o'clock.

When do you usually get up?

 No, he is single.
Is he married?

 For about 2 years.

How long have you lived here?

 I was washing up when he arrived.

What w ere you doing w hen he arrived?

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DATE:

NO. ACTIVITY: 14
NAME:

NOMBRE
T OPIC 14: ADJECTIVES –ED AND -ING
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most trusted English course

USE / STRUCTURE

You can use these adjectives to describe people or situations but be careful that you
are using the correct adjective. For example, there is a big difference in meaning
between:
o I am confused. - (I don't understand something)
o I am confusing. - (I will cause you to be confused)

Of course, you could also find both adjectives in the same sentence. Then you really
need to concentrate on the intent / context of the sentence.
Examples:
o I was shocked by how shocking the accident was last night.
o They were frightened by the frightening roller-coaster ride!
o I am annoyed by how annoying that person in front of us is.
o Sally was confused by the confusing street signs in the city.

Note that the sentences above are to highlight how both adjectives can appear in the
same sentence though it isn't common (because it sounds repetitive).
There are many adjectives that we have in English that end in -ED or -ING.
Yes, that's correct, they are not only endings that we use for verbs!
An adjective that ends in -ING is used to describe: the characteristic of a person or a
thing.
An adjective that ends in -ED is used to describe: a feeling.
Compare the difference:
o My girlfriend is bored. - (My girlfriend feels bored)
o My girlfriend is boring. - (My girlfriend is a boring person)

EXERCISE

1.-I felt tired because the training journey was tiring.

2.-I was surprised when he gave me the present.
3.-I was shocked by how shocking the accident was last night
4.-I am confusingwhen you don`t explain me.
5.-They were frightened by the frightening roller-coaster ride
6.-Sally was confused by the confusing street signs in the city

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7.-I hate people who walk slowly in front of me. I think they are really
annonying.
8.-I`m really worried about the exam tomorrow.

NOMBRE
9.-I am annoyed by how annoying that person in front of us is.

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DATE:

NO. ACTIVITY: 15
NAME:
T OPIC 15: ADJECTIVES – ADVERBS

NOMBRE
SOURCE:American Headway 3, The world´s most
trusted English course

An adjective tells us more about a noun. Example: an expensive car, a clever girl

An adverb tells us more about a verb. Example: He talked nervously.

Wieisteine Person (Sache)? »»» adjective.

Wie tut eine Person etwas?»»» adverb.
THE ADVERB
 
HOW TO FORM
Adjective + ly
sad sadly quiet quietly
nervous nervously soft softly
 
Adjectivesending in -y »»» ily
happy happily angry angrily
 
Adjectivesending in le »»» ly
terrible terribly capable capably
 
Adjectivesending in ly
in a friendly way /
friendly daily daily
manner
in a lively way /
lively early early
manner
in a lonely way /
lonely monthly monthly
manner
in a lovely way /
lovely weekly weekly
manner
silly in a silly way / manner yearly yearly
Irregular forms
good well low low
fast fast straight straight
hard hard extra extra
long long doubtless doubtless
 
Doubleforms
hard hard hardly = kaum
near near nearly = beinahe
late late lately = in letzterZeit

HOW TO USE THE ADVERB

Verb + adverb
The adverb describes a verb ( eineTätigkeitwirdnäherbeschrieben).
Example: He drove carefully.    
    verb adverb    

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   She sold
her house quickly
    verb
    adverb
 
Adjective + adverb
The adverb describes an adjective (einAdjektivwirdnäherbeschrieben).

NOMBRE
Example: Her necklace was horribly expensive.
        adverb adjective
    She was terribly sorry.
        adverb adjective
 
Adverb + adverb
The adverb describes an adverb (ein Adverb wirdnäherbeschrieben).
Example: They played terribly badly.  
      adverb adverb  
He absolutely correctly.
   
didhishomework
      adverb adverb  
 
No adverb with the following verbs
forms of to am, is, are, was, were, will be, have
be: been, had been
seem get turn grow soun  
d
look feel taste becom smell  
(aussehen) e

EXERCISE
1) He   quickly reads a book.
2) Mandy is a   pretty girl.
Correct answer: The class is terribly loud today.
3) The class is   terribily loud today.(terrible)

4) Max is a   good singer.
5) You can   easily open this tin.
6) It's a   terrible day today.
7) She sings the song   good. (good) Correct answer: She sings the song well. 
8) He is a   carreful driver. (careful) Correct answer: He is a careful driver. 
9) He drives the car   carefully.
10) Thedogbarks   loudly.

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