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Order 3452778 - Recycling Plastic Molding Compounds in Pavement Design - Final - Copy - V2
Order 3452778 - Recycling Plastic Molding Compounds in Pavement Design - Final - Copy - V2
Order 3452778 - Recycling Plastic Molding Compounds in Pavement Design - Final - Copy - V2
Department, University
Course:
Affiliate: Dr Who
Durez Canada deals in high quality plastic products, such as resins, compounds,
composites, and laminates. These products are used in various applications such as electrical and
electronics, Aerospace and Transportation, Oil & Gas, Building and Industrial. The
Manufacturing process is usually prone to wastage of these resins, molding compounds, steel
slag, and glass fiber, therefore Durez Canada plans to recycle its waste, especially, molding
A pavement is designed to withstand stresses and impacts from vehicle tires (like trucks,
buses, construction vehicles, and aircraft), and sustain recoverable deformations When designing
pavement, it is crucial to ensure strength, durability, safety, and smoothness of the ride. These
properties can be achieved by carefully designing the different layers of pavement (Mallick,
2013, p. 1). In this account, a feasibility study will be done to evaluate if waste compounds such
There are two types of pavements: Flexible pavement and rigid pavement. Flexible asphaltic
Types of Pavements
The layered structure of the pavement is designed to dissipate the loads on the pavement
to the soil. These layers need to bear the changing weather conditions in Canada (including ice
thawing, rainfall, etc) and the stress loads from vehicular movement. The first layer consists of
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the wearing course. This layer holds the material and aggregates in place (binder), and prevents
seepage of water (which can otherwise cause faults and cracks in the road). (Mallick, 2013)
This layer is the most important to design. Engineers use additives and Fiber-reinforced
plastic molding compounds (waste products)to help design bitumen with varying properties like
resistance to faults, increased strength to resist freeze thawing in temperate climates, etc.
The second layer, known as the base course, needs to be strong in shear and bearing
capacity. This layer consisting of larger aggregates, which can be coated with plastic to reduce
seepage of water and increase bondage. The last layer is the sub-grade layer. This layer is the
Plastic waste can also be used in rigid pavements by using it as an additive in concrete
mix.
Plastic is a non-biodegradable
Figure-1 displays the disposal of plastic Figure 3: Plastic Waste Disposal in Canada in 2016
destination. “In that year, the total amount of discarded plastic in Canada reached an amount of
3.3 million metric tons, of which only 305,000 metric tons were recycled (Tiseo, 2019).”
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Therefore, a rather better way to utilize plastic waste is by using it in pavement design.
Druez is a company manufacturing resining and plastic molding compounds the plastic waste
obtained after use in molding purposes are: thermoplastic molding, thermoset molding, and long
fiber compounds. Due to several properties like fiber, fillers, and polymeric matrix, these plastics
are difficult to recycle however, recycling these compounds in pavement greatly improves the
asphalt modification can be grouped into three main categories: thermoplastic elastomers,
plastomers, and reactive polymers. Thermoplastic elastomers can confer good elastic properties
on the modified binder; while plastomers and reactive polymers are added to improve rigidity
There are two ways that plastic waste can be used in the pavement: In hot Bitumen mix,
Asphalt wearing course consists of mineral aggregates, bituminous binder, and voids.
Researchers are working to use polymers as binder modifiers. This will enhance resistance to
deformation, enhance the durability, and reduce rutting of the surface course. The following
research was conducted to determine the properties of conventional asphaltic bitumen and
modified bitumen
According to the research from Naghawi et al. (2018, pp. 567–570) Marshall Mix design
method was used to compare the properties of conventional and plastic waste modified bitumen.
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Firstly, for conventional bitumen mix, the optimum binder content is determined to be poured on
Secondly, The Modified bitumen mix is formed with waste Polyethylene plastic (present
1. Penetration test
3. Viscosity test
568).
corresponds to 12.5% PWM content. This stability value in the PWM asphalt mix is 42.56%
higher than that of the conventional asphalt mix (Naghawi et al., 2018, p. 568).”
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Pavement
thermoplastic compounds) is crushed and mixed with hot aggregates with uniform mixing. The
plastic and aggregates are then heated at a temperature of 150oC- 170oC. The plastic melts and
covers the aggregates, which acts as a binder (Manju & Sheema, 2017). The tests and
1. Aggregate crushing test: The aggregate strength and hardness can be determined by the
It was seen that the plastic-coated aggregates reduced moisture content and air voids.
There was a significant reduction in rutting and pothole formation. (Manju & Sheema, 2017).
The table below shows the aggregate properties of normal and plastic coated aggregates
Figure 9: Results showing comparison between Natural and Plastic Coated Aggregates
The results show that the pavement with plastic molding compounds exhibits great increase in
strength, durability, and permeability of water. The findings show that being a waste product it reduces
cost of the pavement design and helps alleviate the environmental degradation (from plastic waste
disposal).
Using Thermoset, long fiber composite, and thermosetting compounds from Durez will surly
increase the service life of the pavement.
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Reference
Mallick, R. B. (2013). Pavement Engineering- Principles & Practice (09) by Mallick, Rajib B -
http://ndl.ethernet.edu.et/bitstream/123456789/74665/1/7.pdf
https://www.ijera.com/papers/Vol2_issue4/GP2411851191.pdf
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2004)130:5(665)
http://www.ipcbee.com/vol28/21-ICFEE2012-F10020.pdf
Naghawi, H., Allouzi, R., AlKlub, A., & Masarwah, K. (2018). Plastic Waste Utilization as
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1317348
Tiseo, L. (2019, June 3). Disposal of plastic waste in Canada in 2016, by destination [Graph].
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1007893/disposal-plastic-waste-canada-by-destination/
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J. N. Jha, A. K. Choudhary, K. S. Gill & S. K. Shukla (2014) Behavior of plastic waste fiber-
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781118097298.weoc222
Zapata, C. E., Andrei, D., & Witzak, M. W. (2011). Incorporation of Environmental Effects in
Manju, R., & Sheema, K. (2017). Use of Plastic Waste in Bituminous Pavement (ISSN: 0974–
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320243162_Use_of_Plastic_Waste_in_Bitumin
ous_Pavement#:~:text=The%20utilization%20of%20plastic%20waste,and%20also
%20its%20strength%201.&text=The%20waste%20plastic%20is%20shredded,and
%20also%20increases%20its%20durability.