SY

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EA
Lockdown Period
Open Practice Test Series
(Also useful for ESE & Other Exams)
E

EC : ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
AD

TEST No. - 04 | SIGNALS & SYSTEMS

Read the following instructions carefully

1. This question paper contains 33 MCQ’s & NAQ’s. Bifurcation of the questions are given below:
M

2. Choose the closest numerical answer among the choices given.

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Multiple Choice Questions : Q.1 to Q.10 carry 1 mark each

t 2e−t
Q.1 The output of a linear system for a step input is , then transfer function is
2

s 2s
(a) (b)
(s + 1)3 (s + 1)3

1 1
(c) (d)
s (s + 1)
2
(s + 1)3

1. (a)

SY
LT
. . 2
t 2 ← →
s3
f(t) e − at ←
L.T.
→ F(s + a)

t 2e−t LT. . 1
← →
2 (s + 1)3

output =
EA
1
(s + 1)3

output 1 1
= ×
input (s + 1)3 input

1
input = u (t ) ←
L.T .
→
E

s
output s
T.F. = =
input (s + 1)3
AD

Q.2 If the step response of a system is given by A (–n), then the impulse response of the same system is
(a) A (–n) + A (–n + 1) (b) A (–n) – A (–n – 1)
(c) A (–n) – A (–n + 1) (d) A (–n) + A (–n + 1)

2. (c)
h (n) = s(n) – s (n –1)
M

where h (n) is the impulse response and s(n) is the step response
h (n) = A (–n) – A (–n + 1)

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Q.3 Consider the following figure. The impulse response of the entire system is

h1(t) = 1
x(t) + y(t)
Σ h3(t) = δ(t – 2)
+
h2(t) = –u(–t)

(a) u (t – 2) (b) u (t – 2) + δ (t – 2)
(c) u (t – 2) – δ (t – 2) (d) –u (t + 2) + δ (t – 2)

3. (a)
y0(t)
1

SY
x(t) + y(t)
Σ δ(t – 2)
y1(t)
+
–u(–t)
y0′ (t)

h (t) = [h1(t) + h2(t)] ∗ h3(t)

= [1 – u (–t)] ∗ δ(t – 2)
=
=
EA
u (t) ∗ δ(t – 2)
u (t – 2)

t +t 0
Q.4 Consider the following relationship y (t) = ∫ x(t )dt , where t 0 < 0. The system is
−∞

(a) Linear but non causal (b) Causal but non linear
E
(c) Both linear and causal (d) None of these

4. (c)
Integration of a linear function gives linear function
AD

Let x(t) be δ(t), then y(t) = u(t + t0)

Since t0 < 0, thus y(t) is causal.

Q.5 ( )
The Fourier transform of h (n) is defined as H e j ω , where h (n) is the impulse response of the system
n n
 1  −1
whose input is x (n) and output y (n). If h (n) = 3   u(n) − 2   u (n) , then which of the following
 
2  3
M

difference equations represents the system

5 1
(a) y (n) = y (n − 1) − y (n − 2) + x (n)
6 6
1 1
(b) y (n) = − y − (n − 1) − y (n − 2) + x (n) + 2 x(n − 1)
6 6
1 1
(c) y (n) = y (n − 1) + y (n − 2) + x (n) + 2 x(n − 1)
6 6
−5 1
(d) y (n) = y (n − 1) − y (n − 2) + x (n)
6 6

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5. (c)
n n
 1  1
h (n) = 3   u(n) − 2  −  u(n)
 
2  3
Taking ‘z’ transform, we get
3 2
H (z) = −
 1 −1   1 −1 
1− z  1+ z 
 2   3 

Y (z) 3 + z −1 − 2 + z −1 1 + 2 z −1
= =
X(z) 1 −1 1 −2 1 1
1− z − z 1 − z −1 − z −2
6 6 6 6

SY
1 −1 1 −2
Y(z) − z Y (z ) − z Y (z ) = X (z) + 2 z –1 X (z)
6 6
Taking inverse ‘z ’ transform
1 1
y (n) − y (n − 1) − y (n − 2) = x (n) + 2x(n – 1)
6 6
1 1
y (n − 1) + y (n − 2) + x (n) + 2 x (n − 1)
y (n) =
6
EA 6

Q.6 x (n) is a real and even function of n with a period N = 8 has exponential Fourier series coefficients as ck.
If c18 = 2, then c2 will be
(a) 2 j (b) +2
(c) –2 (d) –2 j

6. (b)
E

x (n) is real and even, thus Fourier coefficient ck is also real and even.
Ck = Ck + nN ; n any integer
N = 8,
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Thus, c2 = c18 = 2

Q.7 If y (t ) = e −atu (−t ), then Y (s) is

1 1
(a) Re(s) > −a (b) − Re(s) < −a
s+a s+a
1 1
(c) − Re(s) > −a (d) Re(s) > a
M

s+a s+a
7. (b)
y (t) = e −at u (−t )
1
Y (s) = − ; Re(s) < − a
s+a

∞
Q.8 If a signal p (t) is defined as p(t ) = ∑ δ (t − 4k ) − δ (t + 1 − 4k ) , then the fundamental period of the signal
k =−∞
is
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 8 (d) Not periodic

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8. (b)
p(t)

1
–1 3 7
t
0 4 8
–1

Q.9 A continuous time signal x(t) is given by

1
x(t) = π ⋅ δ(t ) +
jt
Fourier transform of signal x(t) is given by
(a) 2π u (ω) (b) 2π u (–ω)

SY
(c) –2π u (ω) (d) –2π u (–ω)

9. (b)
F.T. 1
Since u(t ) 
→ + π δ(ω)
jω
Applying duality principle
1
jt
F .T .
+ π δ(t )  → 2πu(−ω)
EA
Q.10 The relationship between Fourier series coefficient X k and Yk of signals x (n) and y (n) respectively is given
as

Yk = (1 − ( −1) ) X k
k
E

Then which one of the following difference equations represents the relationship between x (n) and y(n).
 N
(a) y (n) = x (n – N) – x (n) (b) y (n) = x(n) − x  n − 
AD

2
 N
(c) y (n) = x(n) − x (n − N ) (d) y (n) = x  n −  − x (n )
2

10. (b)
∞
∑ x(n)e − jnωk
M

Xk =
n = −∞

x(n) ↔ X k
N 2π
 N − j · ·k
x  n −  ↔ Xk e 2 N
 2

 N
x  n −  ↔ X (–1)k
 2 k

y (n) ↔ Yk

 N
y (n) = x(n) – x  n − 
 2

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Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q. 11 to Q. 16 carry 1 mark each

Q.11 The energy of the signal x1 (t ) = e −tu(t ) is E1 and the energy of the signal x2 (t ) = e − (2t −1)u (t ) is E2 .
If E2 = AE1, then the value of A is _______.

11. 3.69 (3.50 to 3.80)

−t
x1(t) = e u (t )
∞ ∞
2 1
Energy of x1(t), E1 = ∫ x1(t ) dt = ∫ e −2tu(t ) =
−∞ 0
2
− (2t −1)
x2(t) = e u (t )
2
∞ 

SY
 1
Energy of x2(t), E2 = ∫  e −2 t − 
 2  dt

0

1
Let t− = p
2
dt = dp EA
∞

∫e
−4(p )
E2 = dp
1
−
2

1 −4·  −  
 1
1 2
= −  0 − e  2  = e
4   4

1 2
e
E
E2 e2
= A= 4 = = 3.69
E1 1 2
2
AD

Q.12 A signal x(n) is defined as

5 ; 0 ≤ n < 7
x (n ) = 
0 ; Otherwise

If the discrete time Fourier transform of x (n) is defined as X (e j ω), then the value of X (e j π) is ________.

12. (5)
M

x(n)
5

n
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

X (e j ω) = ∑ x(n)e − j ωn
n=0
6

X (e j π) = ∑ x(n)e − j πn
n=0
6

= ∑ (−1)n x(n)
n=0
= 5–5+5–5+5–5+5
= 5

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s
2
Q.13 If Laplace transform of x(t) is X (s) and X (s ) = ∫ ds , then x (0) is ___________.
−∞ s +1
2

13. (–1)
s
2
X (s) = ∫ s 2 + 1ds
−∞

dX (s) 2
= 2
ds s +1
x (t) ↔ X (s)
dX (s)
t x (t ) ↔ −

SY
ds
dX (s)
–t x (t) ↔ +
ds
 2 
I LT  2
 s + 1 = 2 sin t u (t)
–t x(t) = 2 sin t u (t)

x(t) = −
EA
2 sin t
t
u (t)

 2sint 
x(0) = − t Lt
→0
 t u(t ) 

 1
= −2 Lt u (t ) = − 2  
t →0  2
E
= –1

Q.14 The discrete fourier transform [DFT] of a discrete sequence x[n] is X [k] = {6,
↑
7, 8, 9} . If the DFT of the
AD

sequence g [n ] = x[n − 2]mod N + x[−n]mod N is G [k], then G [1] is ________.

14. (2)

N −1 2π
−j · nK
X [k] = ∑ x[n]e N
n =0
M

g [n] = x[n − 2]mod N + x[−n]mod N

2π
−j (2)k
G [k] = e N X [k ] + X [−k ]mod N

2π
−j (2)1
G [1] = e
4 X [1] + X [−1]modN

−jπ
= e X [1] + X [−1]modN

G [1] = − X [1] + X [−1]modN = − 7 + 9 = 2

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Q.15 If Laplace transform of x(t) is X (s) and Laplace transform of e −2t x(t ) is X (s − s0 ) , then the value of s0
is ______.

15. (–2)
x(t) ↔ X (s)
e −2t x(t ) ↔ X (s + 2) = X (s − s 0 )
s0 = –2

Q.16 The average power of the signal shown below is

x(t)

SY
e–t

16. (0)
Since it is an energy signal the average power will be zero.
EA
Multiple Choice Questions : Q.17 to Q.26 carry 2 marks each

Q.17 Consider the following statements for a N point DFT X (k) of the real valued discrete time sequence x(n).
Which of the statements are true?
N −1 N −1
 N
(a) X ( 0) = ∑ x(n) (b) X   = ∑ (−1) x(n), for N being even
n
n= 0 2 n= 0

(c) X (k ) = X ∗ (N − k )
E
(d) All of the above

17. (d)
AD

Q.18 Let x (n) = 4n u (n) – b 2n u (–n – 1). If the ‘z ’ transform of x(n) exists, then the condition on b is
(a) b > 2 (b)  b > 2
(c) –2 < b < 2 (d) No value of ‘t ’ is possible

18. (b)
x(n) = 4n u (n) − b 2nu (−n − 1)
x1(n) = 4n u (n),
M

1
X 1(z) = ; z >4
1 − 4 z −1

x2(n) = −b2nu (−n − 1)

1
X 2(z) = ; z < b2
1 − b2z −1
Thus for ‘z ’ transform to exist
4 <  z < b2
⇒ b2 > 4
 b > 2,

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Q.19 A baseband signal x(t) has maximum frequency fm = 40 kHz. The signal is sampled at a rate fs and
passed through an ideal low pass filter with cutoff frequency 50 kHz. Minimum sampling frequency required,
to avoid distortion in the reproduced signal is
(a) 80 kHz (b) 90 kHz
(c) 100 kHz (d) 110 kHz

19. (b)
X(f )

f (kHz)
–40 40

Spectrum of the

SY
sampled signal ⇒ f (kHz)
–40 40 –40 + fs fs f + 40

f (kHz)
–50 50

Thus, – 40 + fs min = 50
fs min = 90 kHz
EA
Q.20 Even part of the signal x(n) whose Fourier transform is given as X (e j ω) = 1 + cosω is
1 1 1 1
(a)  , 1,  (b)  , 1, 
2 ↑ 2  2 2 
↑
(c) {1, 2, 1} (d) {1, 2, 1}
↑ ↑
E

20. (a)
X (e j ω) = 1 + cosω
AD

1 jω 1 −jω
= 1+ e + e
2 2
1 1
x (n ) =  , 1, 
2 ↑ 2

x(n) + x(−n)
Even part =
2
M

Even part of x(n ) =  , 1, 

1 1
2 ↑ 2
Q.21 Consider the system shown below

d
dt
x(t) + y(t)
h1(t) Σ
+

If h1 (t) = e–t u (t ), then the the impulse response of the entire system is
(a) e–t u(t) (b) 2e–t u(t) + δ(t)
(c) δ (t) (d) None of these

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21. (c)

d
dt
+ y(t)
x(t)
h1(t) Σ
x2(t)
+

h2(t)

Let x2(t ) = δ(t )

 d 
h2(t ) =  δ(t ) + δ(t )
dt

SY
h1(t ) = e –t u (t)
 d 
h (t ) = e −tu(t ) ∗  δ(t ) + δ(t ) 
 dt 
−t −t d
h (t ) = e u (t ) ∗ δ(t ) + e u (t ) ∗ δ(t )
EA dt
−t
= e u (t ) +
d −t
dt
( )
e u (t ) ∗ δ(t )

−t
= e u (t ) +
d −t
dt
(
e u (t ) )
= e −t u (t ) − e −t u (t ) + e −t δ(t )

h (t ) = δ (t ) ∵ e −t δ(t) = e 0 δ(t ) = δ(t )

E

 −2 
Q.22 If X (s) = e −5s   , then the initial and final values of x(t) are
 s(s + 2) 
AD

(a) –1, 10 (b) 10, –1

(c) –1, 0 (d) 0, –1

22. (d)
−5s  −2 
X (s) = e  s(s + 2) 

1 1
M

e 5s X (s) = −
s+2 s
Taking inverse Laplace
x(t + 5) = e −2t u (t ) − u (t )
t → t–5

x(t) = e −2(t − 5)u (t − 5) − u (t − 5)

x(0) = e ( )u (−5) − u (−5) = 0

−2 −5

x(∞) = e −2( ∞ )u (∞) − u (∞) = −1

= –1

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Q.23 If x1(t) = e–2t u (t) and x2(t) = e–3t u(t) are related to y(t) as y(t) = x1(t – 2) ∗ x2(– t + 3) then Y (s) is
e −5s e −5s
(a) (b)
(s + 2)(s − 3) (s + 2)(3 − s)
es e +5s
(c) (d)
(s + 2)(s + 3) (s + 2)(s + 3)

23. (b)
y (t) = x1(t – 2) ∗ x2(–t + 3) ...(i)

−2t 1
x1(t) = e u (t ) ← → , Re(s) > −2
LT
s+2

1
x2(t) = e −3t u (t ) ←
LT
→ , Re(s) > −3
s+3

SY
using time scaling and shifting property
1
x1(t − 2) ← → e −2s
LT
, Re(s) > −2
s +2

−3s 1
x2 (−t + 3) ←
LT
→ e , Re(s) < 3
( −s + 3 )
EA
Convolution in time domain = Multiplication in frequency domain
From equation (i)
 e−2s   e−3s 
Y (s) =   . 
 s + 2   −s + 3 
e −5s
Y (s) =
(2 + s )(3 − s )
E

Q.24 Consider the two signals shown below.

x(t)
AD

h(t)
2
1

t t
–1 0 1 –2 0 3

t t
If x   is convolved with h   . Then which of the following represents the resultant signal
 2  2
M

y(t) y(t)

4
2

(a) (b)
t
–3 –1 0 2 4 t
–6 –2 0 4 8
y(t) y(t)

8 4

(c) (d)
t
t –3 –1 2 4
–6 –2 0 4 8

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24. (c)
t
x t h
2
2
2
1
∗
t
–2 0 2 –4 0 6

y(t)

SY
–6 –2 0 4 8

 π
Q.25 The input x(t) = 5 sin  2t +  is given to a system with impulse response h (t) = te–|t |. The output y (t) will
 4
be EA
(a) 1.31 (cos 2t – sin 2t) (b) 1.31 (sin 2t – cost 2t)
(c) 1.13 (cos 2t – sin 2t) (d) 1.13 (sin 2t – cos 2t)

25. (d)

h(t) = te–t
π π
5H(jω0)sin 2t + ∠ ω
5 sin 2t + 4 4 + H( j 0)
ω0 = 2 rad/sec

h(t ) = te − t
E

d  2  −4 j ω
H ( jω) = j =
d ω  1 + ω2  (1 + ω2 )2
AD

−4 j (2) 8
H(j ω 0) = =
(1 + 4) 2
25

∠H ( jω0) = –90°

8  π π 8  π
output = 5 × sin  2t + −  = sin  2t − 
 4
M

25  4 2 5

8  sin 2t cos 2t 
−
5  2 
=
2 

8
= ( sin2t − cos2t )
5 2
= 1.13 (sin 2t – cos 2t )

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Q.26 Which of the following is the difference equation of the FIR filter of length N, input x(n) and output y (n)?
N +1 N +1
(a) y (n) = ∑ bk ·x(n + k) (b) y (n) = ∑ bk ·x(n − k)
k =0 k =0

N −1
(c) y (n) = ∑ bk ·x(n − k) (d) None of these
k =0

26. (c)

Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q.27 to Q.33 carry 2 marks each

Q.27 For a discrete time signal x(n), the z -transform is defined as X (z). If x (n) is defined as

SY
 (2) −n
 ; n≥0
x(n) =  n !
0
 ; Otherwise
Then the value of X (1) is ________.

27. 1.65 (1.50 to 1.80) EA

∞ ∞
2 −n −n
X(z) = ∑ x(n)z −n = ∑ z
n = −∞ n = 0 n!

n
 1
∞ 
∞
(2z ) −n  2z 
= ∑ n!
= ∑
n!
n=0 n=0

2 3
1  1   1 
E

   
X (z) = 1 + 2z +  2z  +  2z  + ...
1! 2! 3!
X (z) = e 1/2 z
AD

X (1) = e1/2 = e = 1.648 ≈ 1.65

Q.28 Consider a sinc pulse x(t) shown below.

x(t)
4
M

t
–2 –1 1 2
4 4 4 4

 −3t − 1
The energy of the signal x   is __________.
 2 

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28. 2.67 (2.50 to 2.80)

x(t) = 4 sinc (4t )
f 
X (f ) = rect  
 4
X(f )

f
–2 0 2

 3 1  FT 2 j 2π
f
 2 
x  − t −  ← → e 3 X  − f  = Y (f )
 2 2  3  3 

SY
2
Y(f )
4/9

f
–3 0 3

∞ 2 ∞
 3 1  −3t − 1
 dt = ∫ Y (f ) df
2
Energy of x  − t −  , E = ∫ x
 2 2  −∞
3
4
EA
 2 

4
−∞

= ∫ 9
df = (6) = 2.67
9
−3

Q.29 For the impulse response h (n) of the system H (z) is given as
1 −1
1− z
Y (z ) 4
E
H (z ) = =
X (z ) 1
1 − z −1
2
AD

If input to the system is x(n) = 3n, then y (–2) is ___________.

29. 0.122 (0.10 to 0.30)

n n
3 3 H(3)
H(z)

y (n) = 3n H (3)
1 1
M

1−
·
4 3 = 11 / 12 = 11 × 6 = 11
H (3) = 1 1 5/6 12 5 10
1− ·
2 3
−2 11 11
y (–2) = 3 · = = 0.122
10 90

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Q.30 For the figure shown below, the trigonometric Fourier series coefficient is given as ak. Then the value of
“ –a2” is ________.
x(t)

t
–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4

–2

30. (2)
Let, x(t) = x1(t) – x2(t)
x2(t)

SY
A=2
T=2

t
–2T –T 0 T 2T 3T

T /2
1 A 2
ck =
2
EA
T −T∫/2
Aδ(t )dt = = = 1
T 2

Now, x (t ) = x1(t) – x2(t)

ck = c k1 − c k 2
x1(t)
1
E

t
0 1
dx1(t)
dt
1
AD

t
–1

d 2x1(t)
= p(t)
dt 2
2 2 2
M

–1 1
t
–2 0 2

–2 –2 –2
p(t) ↔ pk
d 2 x1 (t )
↔ ( jk ω 0 ) c k 1
2
2
dt
( jk ω 0 )2 c k 1 = pk
(2 π )
A A − jk
pk = − e T
T T
(2 π )
2 2 − jk
pk = − e 2 = 1 − e − jk π = 1 − (−1)k
2 2

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pk 1− (−1)k
c k1 = =
(jkω0 )2 ( jkω0 )2

1 − (−1)k 2π
c k1 = , ω0 = =π
−k 2
ω20 2

1 − (−1)k
c k1 =
− k 2 π2
A 2
ck2 = = =1
T 2
ck = c k1 − c k 2
1 − (−1)k
ck = −1

SY
− k 2π2
ak jbk
ck = −
2 2
ak 1 − (−1)k
⇒ = −1 (∵ bk = 0, as the signal is even)
2 −k 2 π 2EA
a2 1 − (−1)2
= −1
2 − 4π 2
a2 = (0 – 1)2
–a2 = 2

Q.31 Consider a discrete time sequence x(n) and its DFT (discrete fourier transform) as X (k). If x(n) = {2, 1, 3, 4},
3
∏ X (k)
E

then = __________.
k =0

31. (0)
AD

x(n) = {2, 1, 3, 4}
3 2π
−j k
X (k) = ∑ x(n) e N n
n =0

X (0) = ∑ x(n) = 2 + 1 + 3 + 4 = 10
M

n=0

3
X (2) = ∑ (−1)n x(n) = 2 − 1 + 3 − 4 = 0
n= 0
3
∏ X (k) = X (0) ⋅ X (1) ⋅ X (2) ⋅ X (3) = 0
k =0

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{ ↑
}
Q.32 For a discrete time LTI system, the input signal x(n) = 1, 2, 3, 4 and the output signal y (n) = 3, 6, 9, 12 . {↑
}
∞
If the unit impulse response of the given system is h (n), then the value of summation ∑ x(n) h(n) will
n = −∞

be _________.

32. (0)
We can relate y (n) and x(n) as
y (n) = 3x(n – 2)
= x(n) ∗ 3δ(n – 2)
= x(n) ∗ h(n)

SY
so, h (n) = 3δ(n – 2)
∞ ∞

∑ x(n) h(n) = ∑ x(n) ⋅ 3δ(n − 2)

n = −∞ n = −∞

= 3x(2) = 0

Q.33 The value of integral I is ___________

I =
∞

∫e
−(2t −1)  1 π 
· δ  t −  sin2  t  dt
 2 2 
EA
−∞

33. 0.5 (0.45 to 0.55)

∞
π   1
∫e
−(2t −1)
I = sin2  t  · δ  t −  dt
−∞ 2   2
E

∞
 1  1
∫ f (t ) δ  t − 2  = f  
2
−∞
AD

− (2t − 1) π
f (t ) = e sin2 t
2
 1 
 1 − 2 × −1
f   = e  2  sin2 π ⋅ 1 = sin2 π
 2 2 2 4

 1 1
f  = = 0.5
 2
M



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