Name: Dat

e:
Year
/Co
urs
e/S
ect
ion: S
cor
e:

1.Defi
ningyourv
ar i
ables
.Defineyourdependentvari
able,Yandyo ur3
i
ndependentvariabl
es,X1,X2,andX3.Nameyourvari
ab l
esproper
lyandi
ndi
cat
e
theunito
fmeas urement.Includeal
sotheti
meper i
odc over
ed.
Y(
Grade)=g
ener
alwei
ghtav
erag
eofs
tudent
sino
nes
emes
ter
(91GWA/93GWA/94GWA/93GWA/92GWA/92GWA/92GWA/95GWA/93
GWA/92GWA/92GWA/94GWA/94GWA/90GWA/95GWA/92GWA/93GWA/
94GWA/91GWA/93GWA/89GWA/92GWA/94GWA/92GWA/91GWA/88GWA
/90GWA/94GWA/91GWA/90GWA)
X1(
Study)=Numb
ero
fho
urst
hes
tudent
sspendt
ost
udyt
hei
rles
soni
nones
emes
ter

(455hr
s./465hrs
./470hrs./465hrs
./460hrs./460hrs
./460hrs./475hrs
./465hrs
.
/460hrs
./460hr
s./470hrs./470hr
s./450hrs./475hr
s./460hrs./465hr
s./470hrs.
/455hrs
./465hrs./445hr
s./460hrs./470hr
s./460hrs./455hr
s./440hrs./450hr
s.
/470hrs
./455hrs./450hr
s.)
X2(
Socialmedi
a/onli
negames
)=Numbero
fho
urst
hes
tudent
sspendi
nso
cial
media/onli
negamesino
nesemes
ter
(450hr
s./600hr
s./450hrs./750hrs
./1050hr s./750hrs
./600hr s
./750hr s
./
750hrs
./150hrs
./750hrs./1200hrs./1200hrs./900hrs./900hrs./1050hrs./
1200hrs
./900hrs
./1500hrs./1200hrs./450hrs./450hrs./1350hrs./900hrs./
150hrs
./1500hrs
./300hrs./750hrs./450hrs./450hrs)
X3(
Sleep)=Numberofhour
sfo
rthes
tudent
stos
leepi
nones
emes
ter(
inc
ludess
leeps
duri
ngt hedayandnig
ht)
(450hrs
./1200hr s
./1050hr s./1200hr
s./1350hr s./1200hrs./1050hr
s./1200hrs.
/1200hrs./1200hrs./1200hrs./900hrs./1050hrs./750hrs./1800hrs
./1500hrs./
1200hr
s./1050hrs./1050hrs./1800hrs./1050hr s
./1200hr s
./1350hrs./1050hr
s.
/1200hrs./900hrs./750hrs./1350hrs
./900hr s./1050hrs
.)
S
ampl
esi
ze(
n)=30(
student
s)
S
our
ce:S
urv
ey
2.Stat
ingyourHypot
hesi
s.S
tateyourhypothesi
sgivenyo
urg
ather
eddat
a.The
hypothes
iswi
llb
etest
edinthesucceedi
ngs ec
tio
ns .
Ho:µ1=µ2=µ3=0

Ha:atl
eas
toneµj≠0
3.Det
ermini
ngthestr
engtho
fther
elati
ons
hipbetweenv
ari
abl
es.Tot
estt
hes
treng
th
ofther
elati
ons
hipbet
weenyo
urchos
envari
ables,
a.S
howas
cat
terpl
ott
odet
ermi
ner
elat
ions
hipb
etweent
hev
ari
abl
es
 a.Determi
net hes
treng
tho
fther
elat
ions
hipb
etweent
hev
ari
abl
esb
asedo
nthe
scatt
erplo
t.
i
.YandX₁=v
erys
tro
ngr
elat
ions
hipb
etweent
hev
ari
abl
es
i
i.YandX₂=v
eryweakr
elat
ions
hipb
etweent
hev
ari
abl
es
i
ii
.YandX₃=weakr
elat
ions
hipb
etweent
hev
ari
abl
es
i
v.X₁andX₂=v
eryweakr
elat
ions
hipb
etweent
hev
ari
abl
es
v
.X₁andX₃=weakr
elat
ions
hipb
etweent
hev
ari
abl
es
v
i.X₂andX₃=v
eryweakr
elat
ions
hipb
etweent
hev
ari
abl
es

4.Usi
ngExcel/S
PSSforCorr
elat
ionTest
.Toc o
nfirmt
herel
ati
onshipbet
weent
he
var
iabl
esyo u havechos
en,r un a co
rrel
ati
ontestus
ing ex
cel.Fol
lowt
he
pro
ceduralst
epsinAnnex2and3.
a.S
howt
her
esul
toft
hec
orr
elat
ionr
uni
nex
cel
.Jus
tco
pyt
her
esul
tinex
cel
YandX₁ 1
YandX₂ 0.
17041206
YandX₃ 0.
494268414
X₁andX₂ 0.
17041206
X₁andX₃ 0.
494268414
X₂andX₃ 0.
23244094

b
.Di
scus
sandi
nter
prett
her
esul
tso
fthec
orr
elat
ionr
un.
i
.Discus
st hepai
rwis
er el
ati
onshi
poft
hev
ari
abl
ess
tat
ed i
n 3.
b.(
Isi
tpo
sit
iveo
r
neg
ativeornor
elati
onshi
p?)
YandX₁=po
sit
ive
YandX₂=po
sit
ive
YandX₃=po
sit
ive
X₁andX₂=po
sit
ive
X₁andX₃=po
sit
ive
X₂andX₃=po
sit
ive
i
i.Do
esi
tco
nfi
rmwi
thyo
urs
cat
terpl
ot?
 Yes,thes catt
erpl o
ti ndicateswhetherthereisa posi
ti
ve,negati
ve,orno
relat
ions
hipbecauseeveni fthestrengt
hisweak,Icans
til
lseethet
rendli
neof
scatt
erplotift heyaremo vi
ngupwar d,downward,ornotj us
tbylooki
ngat
them.Allt hetrendli
nei nal lsc
at t
erplotismovi
ngupwar dsoitmeansthe
scatt
erplotareallposi
tiv
e.
i
ii
.Ist
hepai
rwi
ser
elat
ions
hipo
fthev
ari
abl
esi
n3.
bst
rongo
rweak?
  Thepair
wis
erel
ati
ons
hipofthevar
iab
lesi
n3.
bareweakexceptfo
rthepai
rwi
se
rel
ati
onshi
pofYandX₁thathasastr
ongpai
rwi
ser
elat
ions
hip.

5.Regres
sio
n.Fitt
her eg
ress
ionmo delY=β0+β1X1+β2X2+β3X3+o nyourdate
setandfill
-upthefol
lowi
ngt ab
le(round-offc
oeffi
ci
entsto2decimalpl
aces
).
Foreaseofuseands impl
ici
ty,useExcel
/SPSSi
nrunningregr
ess
ion.SeeAnnex
2and3.
a.S
tat
eyo
urr
egr
ess
ionmo
del(
reg
res
sio
nmo
deli
stheequat
ionus
ingyo
urdat
aset
)
Ŷ =4.
13+0.
2X₁+(
-1.
11X₂)+1.
24X₃
b
.Mo
difyyo
urhypo
thes
isi
nNo
.2t
hati
sfi
tfo
rreg
res
sio
nanal
ysi
s
Ho:β1=β2=β3=0

Ha:atl
eas
toneβj≠0

c
.Fi
lli
nthet
abl
efr
omt
her
egr
ess
ionr
esul
tinex
cel
.Spec
ifyc
orr
ect
lyt
hev
ari
abl
e.
Y(
grade) Co
ef. S
td.Er
r. Tc P>t No
.ofo
bs. 30
2
X₁(
study) 0.
2 1.
2555 1.
5930 0 R 1
2
X2(s
ocial -1.
11 2.
6098 -0.
4248 0.
6744 Adj
ust
edR 1
media/onli
ne
games)
X₃(
sleep) 1.
24 4.
066 3.
0824 0.
0048 Pr
ob>F 0

_c
ons 4.
13 5.
5732 7.
4128 7.
1648 Ro
otMS
E 5.
0732

d.Int
erpr
ett
her
esul
tso
fther
egr
ess
ionr
un
i
.Whi
chv
ari
abl
esar
esi
gni
fic
ant
?Atwhatl
eveli
sthes
igni
fic
anc
e?
 Thev
ari
abl
eX₁(
study)i
ssi
gni
fic
antat0.
05o
r5% l
evelo
fsi
gni
fic
anc
e.

i
i.Whatistheeffectofthesi
gni
fic
antvari
abl
estot hedependentv
ari
abl
e?S
tat
e
theeffec
tofindependentv
ari
ablet
othedependentvari
able.
 S
igni
fic
antvariab
leshaveaneffectondependentvari
ablesinthes ens
et hat
i
ndependentvari
abl
esinfl
uenc
et heout
comesofdependentvari
ables
. Because
t
he dependentv ar
iab
lesare affec
ted whenev
er t
he independentv ari
able
 c
hanges,i
tissimilart
oac auseandeffec tr
elati
onship,wherethei
ndependent
v
ari
ableisthec auseandthedependentv ari
ableist heeffect
.Thedependent
v
ari
ableswi
llb
ec hangedi
ft heindependentv
ariabl
ec hanges.

i
ii
.Ev
aluat
etheg
oodnes
s-o
f-fi
t.Whatc
anyo
usayab
outt
hemo
del
?
2
 Thegoodnes
s-of-fi
tortheR i
s100%,whi
chmeanst
hat100% o
fthedat
afi
t
tother
egress
ionmodel
.

i
v.Ist
hemo
dels
igni
fic
ant
?Whyo
rwhyno
t?
 Yes
,themo delissi
gni
fic
antb ecauset
heP-val
ue=0<0.
05=aandt
her
eis0
2
pos
sib
ili
ti
esofgett
ingt
hec o
rrelati
onhig oR (
hert 1)
.

v
.Ifyouwi
lladdanotheri
ndependentv
ari
abl
e/s
,whatwi
llyo
uthi
nkwi
llhappent
o
t
heg
oodness-o
f-fi
t(R2)
?
 Addi
nganotheri
ndependentvariab
lewil
lalwaysi
ncreaset
heamounto fR²
andals
oifweaddano t
herindependentvar
iabl
ewit
ho utat
heo
ret
icalb
asisi
t
mayres
ulti
nanover
-fitmodel.

6.Based ontheresul
tsoftwoanalys
is,s
tat
ethedi
ffer
enc
ebet
weenc
orr
elat
ion
analys
isandreg
ress
ionanal
ysi
s.
 Thedifferencebetweenc o
r r
elati
onanalysi
sandr egressi
onanal ysi
s,basedo n
theresul
tsoft woanalyses,isthatacorrel
ati
onanal ysi
spr ov
idesinfo
r mation
onthes tr
engthanddi recti
ono fal i
nearrel
ati
ons hipbetweent wovariables
,
wher
easar egres
sio
nanal ysisesti
matesparamet
er sinal i
nearequationt hat
canbeusedt opredictt
hev aluesofonevari
abl
ebas edo ntheo t
her.