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Drive Test Explain
Drive Test Explain
BY
EEN
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Moohhaam
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ACCT
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maarr__8877@
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++22 –– 00110088443300991199
Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
Before we start in Drive test we will make a fast revision on GSM basics.
( GSM ) (هنعمل مراجعه بسيطه على الDrive test ( قبل ما نبدأ يا شباب فى شرح ال
. وطبعا المراجعه دى ضروريه جدا
GSM Structure:
SS
AUC
PLMN
SMSC-GMSC SC
ISDN HLR SMS-IWMSC
GWMSC
PSTN MIN
DTI EIR
MSC/VLR BGW
BSS
SGSN
BSC/TRC
GPRS Air I/f
OSS
MS BTS
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
• Converts the GSM radio signals into a format that can be recognized by the BSC
Charging.
Service provisioning.
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
• For example, if a person connected to the PSTN wants to make a call to a GSM
mobile subscriber, then the PSTN exchange will access the GSM network by first
connecting the call to a GMSC
• Supplementary services.
• Current location.
• Allowed/barred services.
• Authentication data.
• Thus, there is one VLR for each MSC service area. This means that the MSC
does not have to contact the HLR (which may be located in another country)
every time the subscriber uses a service or changes its status.
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
• For the duration when the MS is within one MSC service area, then the VLR
contains a complete copy of the necessary subscription details, including the
following information:
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Traffic Channel
Carries either encoded speech or user data up and down link between a single
mobile and a single BTS.
Transmits full rate speech (13 Kbits/s). A full rate TCH occupies
one physical channel.
Two half rate TCH’s can share one physical channel, thus doubling the capacity
of a cell.
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
Control Channels
These are used to carry signaling or synchronization data. They are divided into
three types:
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
Site Types:
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
Antenna Tilting:
Direction of the antenna vertical beam.
Types of tilting:
No Tilt: The vertical beam of the antenna is directed towards the horizon.
Down Tilt: The vertical beam of the antenna is directed lower the horizon.
Up Tilt: The vertical beam of the antenna is directed above the horizon.
Types of Tilting:
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Mechanical tilting :
-With mechanical down tilting, the main beam will be down tilted but the
back lobe will be up tilted that make interference.
- With mechanical tilting you can’t change the tilt of one band alone.
Electrical tilting :
- With electrical down tilting, the main beam will be down tilted but the
back lobe will not be up tilted so back lobe interference decreased.
- With electrical tilting you can change the tilt of any band alone.
So Electrical Tilting is better than Mechanical Tilting
EX:
Electrical tilt = 2
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
وبعد ما خلصنا المراجعه السريعه دى ممكن بقى نبدأ فى شرح ال ()Drive test
اول حاجه هنعملها يا شباب هنظبط الالب وننزل ويندوز جديد وطبعا نشيل الفيروسات وبعد كدا
نسطب ال ( )TEMSونعرف الموبايالت اللى هنستخدمها ونوصل الموبيالت ونظبط الدنيا ونحمل
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
طبعا يا شباب عارفين ان فى جزء خاص بال 2Gوجزء خاص بال 3Gوطبعا عشان ال 2G
هوا االساس واالهم هنبدأ بيه.
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
Serving cell
Neighbor cells
BSIC = NCC (Network color code [0 >7]) + BCC (Base Station Color Code [0 > 7]).
ARFCN: Absolute Radio Frequency Number >> BCCH Carrier of the cell
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Ranges (Legend):
Cell على اىSelect دى الموبايل بيحسبها عشان يعرف هوا هيC1 وال
: خههٗ بانك
C2 = C1 ± CRO
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
C1 , عن االخرى وطبعا موضوع الCells ممكن اعمل افضليه لبعض الCRO وعن طريق ال
. فيه تفاصيل اكتر من كدا بس انا حبيت أديكو فكره بسيطه بسC2
C31, C32: GPRS signal strength Threshold in both Packet idle and packet dedicated.
CGI: Cell global identity [MCC , MNC , LAC , CI ] , Unique for each cell
MNC: Mobile network Code (01 > Mobinil, 02 > Vodafone, 03 > Etisalat)
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Drive Test From A to Z
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BCCH ARFCN: The Frequency on which two time slots are used for control
(broadcast, Common channels and SDCCH), and the other TS’s for Traffic.
C C T T T T T T BCCH Carrier
T T T T T T T T TCH Carrier
BSIC = NCC (Network color code [0 >7]) + BCC (Base Station Color Code [0 > 7]).
لو إنت مذاكرتش جزء المراجعه اللى فى األول مش هتفهم الجزءاللى جاى ده كويس: خههٗ بانك
Channel Codec:
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
Sub Channel Number: SDCCH is divided into 8 sub channels (index of the used one).
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Ranges (Legend):
Ranges (Legend):
9 > 18 Good
18 > 30 Excellent
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Drive Test From A to Z
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0: 500m
1: 1 K , and so on.
Ranges (Legend):
9 > 15 Accepted
15 > 30 Good
Interference >>>> bad C/I >>>> Bad Rx qual >>>> Bad SQI.
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Type:
يعنى ممكنNeighbor تبقى متعرفه لى كMN اللى انا شايفهاcell ال. الموضوع بسيط جدا
hand over مش متعرفه ليا يعنى مقدرش اعمل لهاDN اللى انا شايفهاCell اما إل
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
UARFCN: (UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number), where UTRA stands
for UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access where UMTS stands for Universal Mobile Telephony
System.
These are used to identify frequencies in the UMTS frequency bands.
Ranges (Legend):
Ec/No: The Primary Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) received Energy per Chip (Ec) to
Noise (No) ratio.
Used to measure the received quality of the Primary Common Pilot Channel
(CPICH).
Ranges (Legend):
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Drive Test From A to Z
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2- HSDPA analysis :
CQI يعتمد اساسا على الHSDPA والRadio conditions بتعبر عن الCQI وال
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
Relationship among the CQI reported by UE, pilot Ec/Io, and throughput rate:
Or by DU Meter software
ولكن يوجد بعض2G , 3G المهمه فى الWindows وبكدا يا شباب نكون خلصنا شرح ال
Events:
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Drive Test From A to Z
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It includes events such as: Call attempt, call established, call end, handover,
dropped call, and blocked call ……………
Layer 3 messages:
It includes Uplink and Down link messages between the MS and the Network.
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Drive Test From A to Z
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ٍَنن دىٌقتَ ًاحد يسأه : ........إزاٍ تجية اه Windowsاىيَ قينا عيييا دٍ مييا ...؟؟؟؟
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Map
ال MAPياشباب بكل بساطه عباره عن خريطه الى حد ما أى كالم وعليها ال Cell fileوده هنتكلم عنه
كمان شويه وعليها بردو شويه Layersزى ال Pinpoint layerو ال coverage layerو..........
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Drive Test From A to Z
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وعن طريق ال Theme settingممكن اتحكم انا عايز اظهر ايه على ال ,Mapال Rxlev or Rxqual
ٔدنٕقتٗ يًكٍ ٔاحد يسأل : ........ايو اه Cell fileده ًازاٍ اعَو ىو Loadعيَ اه .. TEMS؟؟؟
الموضوع فى منتهى البساطه ياعم....ال Cell fileده عباره عن Sheetفيه كل المعلومات عن ال
Sitesزى مثال ال Cell name , CI , ARFCN , Lon , Lat , Azimuth , Beam width , BSIC
....................
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Drive Test From A to Z
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. يقرأهTEMS هوا اللى يخللى الcell file فى الROW اول: خههٗ بانك
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
بعد ما السواق يجيلك كدا ان شاء هللا ( وهيكون اتأخر شويه طبعا) هتشغل الالب توب بتاعك وهتوصل ال
موبايالت (والزم تتأكد انها بتشحن ) وال GPSوال Dongleوبعد كدا هتفتح ال TEMSوأول حاجه
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
: طبعاLog file وكل حاجه تمام هسجلGPS وبعد ما وصلت الموبايالت وال
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Equipment properties:
Normal
2G
3G
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Band control
900
900E
1800
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
طبعا انت بتسأل نفسك دلوقتى ايّ انشغم انهٗ ْعًهّ طيب؟؟؟؟ ده بقى اللى هنتكلم عنه دلوقتى
1- Clusters
This test is mainly used to check network accessibility (Blocking) and retainability
(quality).
To check Accessibility: Short Calls (Using sequence control) (EX: 30 (call duration) ,
10 (duration between calls)).
To check Retainability: Long call (Don’t forget ending the call before the hour and
starting new Call).
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
يعنى ازاى اخللى الموبايل يعمل مثال 100مكالمه كل مكالمه 30ثانيه وبين كل مكالمه واالخرى
10ثوانى....؟؟؟؟؟
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Then you can adjust settings (call duration, Wait, MS), Then Press RUN.
-Main roads, Polygons and global coverage are the same concept.
2G Acceptance DT procedures
– 2G macro sites follow one of the below mentioned templates:
• Three cells E, F, G with BCCHs on the 900 band and TCHs on the
900 and 1800 bands. (Concentric GSM)
• Six cells A, B, C with BCCHs and TCHs on the 1800 band and E, F,
G with BCCHs and TCHs on the 900 band. (Dual BCCH)
• The following tests are also done for every cell in the site:
10 voice calls with a duration of 10 seconds
• Blocked and dropped calls are reported
An SMS sent and received
• To check SMS success
Logging-on to the internet
• To check PDP (Packet Data Protocol)
• In dual BCCH site The same procedure is done on A, B and C cells, as well as
E, F and G cells.
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Drive Test From A to Z
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3G Acceptance DT procedures
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Drive Test From A to Z
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3- Benchmarking
EX:
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Drive Test From A to Z
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4- 2G Sites problems
a- Cross sector and cross feeder
الزم نعرفcross feeder اوCross sector طبعا ياشباب قبل ما نقول يعنى ايه
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
. )GSM , DCS( التانىsector فى مكان الServe هيSector وده بيبقى واضح جدا فى الفيلد كل
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Drive Test From A to Z
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EX:
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Hard ware problem بس ايه هيا ؟؟ متتسرعش وتقول. فيه مشكلهDCS ال... وااااو
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
طبعا الدنيا كدا بقت واضحه جدا وكدا أتاكدنا إن فى DCS cross sectorوده طبعا هنصلحه من ال الكابينه.
EX:
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Drive Test From A to Z
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In front of S2 GSM:
In front of S3 GSM:
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Drive Test From A to Z
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: هنعمل االتىDCS وعشان نشوف الGSM Cross طبعا كدا واضح ان فى
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Cross feeder :
ممكن. 2 feeders for GSM , 2 feeders for DCS فيهSector طبعا احنا عارفين ان كل
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
EX:
In front of S2 DCS:
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Drive Test From A to Z
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In front of S3 DCS:
اللى2 feeders يعنى ممكن يكون الbad level freq in each sector وبكدا يبقى عندنا
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Drive Test From A to Z
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Drive Test From A to Z
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b- Bad quality
1- Co-Channel interference
2- Adjacent interference
Interference is appeared in hopping channel window (C/I)
C/I: Carrier to interference ratio.
High Interference >>>> bad C/I >>>> Bad Rx qual >>>> Bad SQI
If we have interfered frequency, we should change it by another one.
EX:
The frequencies 518, 531 are interfered (Bad C/I), so quality is bad.
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Drive Test From A to Z
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c- Faulty DTRU
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Drive Test From A to Z
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EX:
Cross feeder الزو تتأكد انألٔل اٌ يفيشFaulty DTRU ٗ قبم ياتقرر اٌ ف: خههٗ بانك
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Drive Test From A to Z
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d- Over shooting
It means that the cell serve at very long distance with good level
This area that the cell overshoots in it most probably have cells with Co-channel
or adjacent BCCH, so it will make interference that will result in bad quality.
EX:
e- Bad coverage
f- Dropped calls
The call may be dropped due to:
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Drive Test From A to Z
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g- Blocked calls.
5- 3G sites problems
c- Pilot pollution.
Recommendations:
Down tilt the antennas of the surrounding sites to decrease the
Interference caused by them to have dominant cell.
Increase the power of one of them or decrease power of surrounding
cells.
Adjust the antenna azimuth.
d- Missing neighbors.
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Drive Test From A to Z
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EX:
e- Overshooting.
Finding a high DN but far from the detection area.
f- Drooped calls.
g- Blocked calls.
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Drive Test From A to Z
By: Ahmed Omar Abd El-Badea
The RSCP is decreased under the IRAT threshold, no IRAT done, that
result in dropping the call.
IRAT failure happen due to missing 2G neighbors
وبعتذر طبعا عن,وفى الختام بشكر ربنا طبعاإنه وفقنى فى عمل المذكره البسيطه دى
وكان نفسى اعمل. استخدام االلفاظ العاميه بس انا كل قصدى التبسيط وعدم الملل
حاجه احسن من كدا بكتير بس معذره لضيق الوقت وطبعا اللى عايز يستفسر عن اى
.حاجه انا فى الخدمه
Map info
ACTIX
Problems analysis
Reporting and post processing
EEN
NGG:: A
Ahhm
meedd O
Ommaarr A
Abbdd EEll--BBaaddeeaa M
Moohhaam
meedd
RRFF eennggiinneeeerr -- A
ACCT
TEELL ccoom
mmmuunniiccaattiioonnss
A
Ahhm
meeddoom
maarr__8877@
@yyaahhoooo..ccoom
m
00110088443300991199
65