Namma Kalvi

Chapter No.1-Introduction to Computers

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1. First generation computer __________ component is used

a. Vacuum tubes b. Transistors c. Integrated circuits d. Microprocessors
2. Name the volatile memory
a. ROM b. PROM c. RAM d. EPROM
3. Identify the output device
a. Keyboard b. Memory c. Monitor d. Mouse
4. Identify the input device
a. Printer b. Mouse c. Plotter d. Projector
5. ___________ Output device is used for printing building plan, flex board, etc.
a. Thermal printer b. Plotter c. Dot matrix d. inkjet printer
6. In ATM machines, which one of the following is used to _____.
a. Touch Screen b. speaker c. Monitor d. Printer
7. When a system restart __________ which type of booting is used.
a. Warm booting b. Cold booting c. Touch boot d. Real boot.
8. Expand POST
a. Post on self Test b. Power on Software Test c. Power on Self Test d. Power on Self Text
9. Which one of the following is the main memory?
a. ROM b. RAM c. Flash drive d. Hard disk
10. Which generation of computer used IC’s?
a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth
11. __________ Example of First Generation Computer.
a. IBM 1401 b. VLSI c. IBM 360 Series d. ENIAC
12. Which of the following led us today to extremely high speed calculating device?
a. Laptop b. Tabulating machine c. Abacus d. ENIAC
13. _______ Languages used in Third generation Computer.
a. Machine Level b. Object Code c. High Level d. Assembly Level
14. __________ Example is not in First Generation Computer.
a. IBM 1401 b. EDVAC c. UNVAC1 d. ENIAC
15. In second generation _________ component is used.
a. IC’s b. Microprocessor c. Transistor d. Vacuum tubes
16. _________ Example of Second Generation Computer.
a. IBM 1401 b. EDVAC c. UNVAC d. ENIAC
17. ___________ is defined as an unprocessed collection.
a. Datum b. Data c. Process d. Project
18. __________ Example is not in Second Generation Computer.
a. IBM 1401 b. UNVAC1108 c. IBM 360 Series d. UNIVA1
19. The CPU has ___________ components in Computer.
a. 2 b. 4 c. 3 d. 5
20. __________ Device is used to insert the Alpha-Numeric data into Computer.
a. Mouse b. Printer c. Monitor d. Keyboard
21. Which of the following is a Third generation of computer?
a. IBM1620 b. ENIAC c. UNIVAC1 d. Honeywell 6000 series
22. ________ memory is a Volatile.
a. Primary b. PROM c. Secondary d. ROM
23.The __ converts any type of printed or written information including photographs into a digital format.
a. Monitor b. Scanner c. Printer d. Digital Camera

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24. A _______ is a device for signaling by hand, by way of pressing one or more switches.
a. Keyboard b. Printer c. Keyer d. Touch Screen
25. Pictures on a monitor are formed with picture elements called _______.
a. Points b. Dots c. inches d. Pixels
26. A ________ printer that prints using a fixed number of pins or wires.
a. Laser b. Ink Jet c. Plotter d. Dot-matrix
27. _________ are used to produce computer output on a big screen.
a. Monitors b. Touch Screen c. Plotter d. Multimedia Projector
28. An __________ is a basic software that makes the computer to work.
a. Ms-Office b. Ms-Paint c. Operation System d. Note Pad
29. Booting process has __________ Types.
a. 3 b. 2 c. 5 d. 1
30. __________ is the physical component of a computer.
a. Software b. Application c. Hardware d. Power
31. “An act of Calculating” means __________.
a. Computing b. Arithmetic c. numbers d. calculations
32. _____ is the first known calculating machine counting.
a. Analytical Engine b. Abacus
c. Calculator d. Computer
33. Super Conductors are used in __________ generation.
a. Fourth b. Second c. Fifth d. Third
34. Which software used in fifth generation computer?
a. Artificial Neural Network b. Artificial Intelligence c. Robotics d. Machine language
35. The first generation computers were used between ________.
a.1940 – 1955 b. 1941 – 1956 c. 1942 – 1955 d. 1941- 1955
36. The first generation computers used _______ for memory.
a. Magnetic circuitry b. Magnetic drums c. Magnetic tubes d. Magnetic buses
37. Transistors were made smaller in size and placed on _________ chips.
a. Integrated b. Silicon c. Magnetic d. Circuit
38. The primary memory is _______ in nature.
a. Peripheral b. Volatile c. Non- Volatile d. Main memory
39. The second generation computers were used between ________.
a. 1954 – 1964 b. 1951 – 1966 c. 1950 – 1956 d. 1961- 1965
40. The third generation computers were used between ________.
a. 1964 – 1975 b. 1961 – 1971 c. 1960 – 1975 d. 1964- 1975
41. The fourth generation computers were used between ________.
a.1975 – 1980 b. 1971 – 1981 c. 1970 – 1975 d. 1974- 1985
42. ____ is the major component which interprets and executes software instructions.
a. Input unit b. Output unit c. Memory d. CPU
43. In ______ Mouse uses Laser Light.
a. Optical b. Mechanical c. Laser d. Air
44. _________ types of Printer in the categories.
a. 3 b. 2 c. 4 d.1
45. Laser printer print _______ pages per minutes.
a. 100 b.150 c. 80 d. 120
46. Line printers are capable of printing much more than ________ Lines Per Minute.
a. 1500 b. 1000 c. 500 d. 800
47. ________is the physical component of a computer.
a. Hardware b. Software c. Application d. Picture
48. The speed of Inkjet printers generally range from __________ Page Per Minute.
a. 1-10 b. 1-15 c. 15-20 d.1-20
49. _______ serves as a voice Input device.

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a. Speakers b. Scanner c. Printer d. Microphone
50. ________ is the set of programs or instructions.
a. Hardware b. Software c. Application d. Picture
51. The computer mouse as we know it today was invented and developed by ________.
a. Douglas Engelbart b. Douglas Lee c. Charles Babbage d. Napier
52. Third generation computers, used________
a. Vacuum Tube b. Transistor c. Integrated Circuit d. Micro Processor
53. When the system starts from initial state _______
a. Computing b. Cold Booting c. Warm Booting d. BIOS
54. When the system restarts or when reset button is pressed, we call it ________.
a. Computing b. Cold Booting c. Warm Booting d. BIOS
55. The _________ is the combination of hardware and software.
a. Calculator b. Computer c. ALU d. CPU
56. CPU interprets and executes software instructions.
a. CPU b. ALU c. monitor d. mouse
57. The processing is performed by the__________
a. software b. information c. data d. hardware
58. Which of the following is not a input device?
a. Keyboard b. Mouse c. Scanners d. Printers
59. __________ Printers use color cartridges.
a. Laser b. Dot Matrix c. Thermal d. Inkjet
60. _________ is used to feed any form of data to the computer.
a. Output Unit b. Processing c. Memory Unit d. Input Unit
61. _________unit is used to Display the data.
a. Output Unit b. Processing c. Memory Unit d. Input Unit
62. _________ is used to Store the data into to the computer.
a. Output Unit b. Processing c. Memory Unit d. Input Unit
63. Main Memory is also called ____________.
a. Secondary memory b. Main memory
c. CPU d. Cache memory.
64. Optical Mouse invented in the year _________.
a. 1968 b. 1973 c. 1988 d. 1981
65. Laser mouse has as many as ____ buttons. a. 4 b. 3 c. 1 d. 2
66. Who invented the computer mouse?
a. Douglas Engelbart b. Bill English c. Apple Lisa d. Henry Babbage
67. Which device works like a Xerox machine?
a. Retinal scanner b. OCR c. OMR d. Scanner
68. Which device is very safe and convenient for security instead of password?
a. Scanner b. Finger scanner c. Track Ball d. Retinal scanner
69. Which device similar to the upside – down design of the mouse?
a. Mouse b. Optical Mouse c. Laser Mouse d. Retinal Scanner
70. _______ detect alpha numeric characters printed or written on a paper.
a. Scanner b. Mouse c. Trace Ball d. Optical Character Reader
71. Which of the following device uses CCD Electronic Chip?
a. Digital Camera b. OCR c. MICR d. Voice Input System
72. Input __________ Output
a. Data b. Information c. Process d. Computer
73. Printers are basically classified into ________ types.
a. 3 b. 2 c. 4 d. 5
74. How many classification of memories in memory unit?
a. 2 b. 4 c.5 d. more than 2
75. How many types of keyboards used to input the data? a. 2 b. 4 c. 3 d. 5

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76. Which of the following Mouse type used Green LED?
a. Mechanical b. Optical c. Laser d. None of those
77. Which of the following Mouse type used Infrared LED?
a. Mechanical b. Optical c. Laser d. None of those
78. Which mouse has as many as 12 buttons?
a. Laser b. Optical c. Mechanical d. Both a & b
79. The mechanical mouse introduced in the year.
a. 1978 b.1988 c. 1968 d. 1958
80. The first computer Monitor was released in the year ________
a. 1974 b. 1972 c. 1971 d. 1973
81. Which of the following is an impact printer?
a. Inkjet b. Fax c. Dot Matrix d. Laser
82. How many buses available inside the CPU? a. 4 b. 3 c. 2 d. many
83. In which bus the data can travel in single direction?
a. Address bus b. Data Bus c. Control Bus d. Universal Bus

ABBREVIATION:
1. ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit
2. CPU – Central Processing Unit
3. CU – Control Unit
4. IC – Integrated Circuits
5. GUI - Graphical User Interface
6. VLSI - Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits.
7. ULSI – Ultra Large Scale Integration
8. ENIAC- Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator
9. NLP - Natural Language Processing
10. AI - Artificial Intelligence
11. RAM – Random Access Memory
12. ROM – Read Only Memory
13. QR – Quick Response
14. OCR – Optical Character Reader
15. CCD - Charge Coupled Device
16. CRT - Cathode Ray Tube
17. LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
18. LED - Light Emitting Diode
19. VGA - Video Graphics Array
20. CPS - Character Per Second
21. PIXEL – Picture Element
22. CPS - Character Per Second
23. DPI - Dots Per Inch
24. PPM - Page Per Minute
25. POST - Power on Self Test
26. BIOS - Basic Input Output System
27. OS - Operating system

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 2 mark Short Answers
1.What is a computer?
It is an electronic device that processes the input according to the set of instructions
provided to it and gives the desired output at a very fast rate.

2. Distinguish between data and information.

Data
Data is defined as an unprocessed collection
of raw facts, suitable for communication,
interpretation or processing.
Example, 134, 16 ‘Kavitha’, ‘C’ are data. This
will not give any meaningful message.
Information
Information is a collection of facts from which
conclusions may be drawn.
Example: Kavitha is 16 years old.

3. What are the components of a CPU?

The CPU has three components which are Control unit, Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)
and Memory unit.

4. What is the function of an ALU?

The ALU performs arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division and logical operations. The result of an operation is stored in internal memory of
CPU.
5. Write the functions of control unit
Control Unit:The control unit controls the flow of data between the CPU, memory and
I/O devices. It also controls the entire operation of a computer.

6. What is the function of memory?

Memory enables a computer to temporarily or permanently store the data and
programs.
7. Differentiate Input and output unit.
Input Devices Output Devices
Input unit is used to feed any form of data to the An Output Unit is any hardware
computer, which can be stored in the memory component that conveys information to
unit for further processing. users in an understandable form.
Example: Keyboard, mouse,etc. Example: Monitor, Printer etc.

8. Distinguish Primary and Secondary memory.

primary memory
The primary memory is used to temporarily
store the programs and data when the
instructions are ready to execute.
The Primary Memory is volatile,
that is, the content is lost when the power
supply is switched off.
EG: The Random Access Memory (RAM)
secondary memory
The secondary memory is used to store the
data permanently.
The Secondary memory is non volatile, that is,
the content is available even after the power
supply is switched off.
EG:Hard disk, CD-ROM and DVD ROM

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3 marks Explain in Brief

The computer characteristics are speed,Accurancy,storage,Diligence,Versality,Power of Remembering.

1.Business 2.Education 3.Insurance 4.Marketing

5.Banking 6.Communication 7.Communication
 Robotics,Nano technology,BioEngineering

 An input device is a hardware or peripheral device used to send data to a computer.

 An input device allows users to communicate and feed instructions and data to computers for
processing, display, storage and/or transmission.
 Example: Keyboard, mouse, ect.

Plotter: Plotter is an output device that is used to produce graphical output on papers. It uses single
color or multi color pens to draw pictures.

Speakers: Speakers produce voice output (audio) . Using speaker along with speech synthesize
software, the computer can provide voice output. This has become very common in places like airlines,
schools, banks, railway stations, etc..

Multimedia Projectors: Multimedia projectors are used to produce computer output on a big screen.
These are used to display presentations in meeting halls or in classrooms.

Optical Mouse Laser Mouse

• Measures the motion and acceleration of pointer.
• It uses light source instead of ball to judge the
motion of the pointer.
• Optical mouse has three buttons.
• Optical mouse is less sensitive towards surface.
• Measures the motion and acceleration of pointer.
• Laser Mouse uses Laser Light
• Laser Mouse is highly sensitive and able to work
on any hard surface.

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Impact Printers
 These printers print with striking of hammers or pins on ribbon.
 These printerscan print on multi-part (using carbon papers) by using mechanical pressure.
 Forexample, Dot Matrix printers and Line matrix printers are impact printers.
 A Dot matrix printer that prints using a fixed number of pins or wires.
 The printing speed of these printers varies from 30 to 1550 CPS (Character Per Second).
 Line matrix printers use a fixed print head for printing.

• Parallel and Distributed computing

• Computers have become smarter, faster and smaller
• Development of robotics
• Natural Language Processing
• Development of Voice Recognition Software

 Monitor is the most commonly used output device to display the information. It looks like
a TV.
 Pictures on a monitor are formed with picture elements called PIXELS. Monitors may
either be Monochrome which display text or images in Black and White or can be color,
which display results in multiple colors.
 There are many types of monitors available such as CRT (Cathode Ray Tube),
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and LED (Light Emitting Diodes).

N.HARIKUMAR,M,Sc,M.Phil,M.Ed,M.A[Edu],M.A[Tamil],P.G.D.C.A,
SRI NAVADURGA ENGLISH HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL
Lecturer in Computer Science

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SECTION – D 5marks Explain in detail

Components of a Computer
 The computer is the combination of hardware and software.
 Hardware is the physical component of a computer like motherboard, memory devices, monitor,
keyboard etc., while software is the set of programs or instructions. Both hardware and software
together make the computer system to function.

Input Unit

Central Processing Unit

 CPU is the major component which interprets and executes software instructions.
 It also control the operation of all other components such as memory, input and output units.
Arithmetic and Logic Unit
 The ALU is a part of the CPU where various computing functions are performed on data.
 The ALU performs arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and
logical operations.

Memory Unit
 The Memory Unit is of two types which are primary memory and secondary memory. The

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 primary memory is used to temporarily store the programs and data when the instructions are
ready to execute.The secondary memory is used to store the data permanently.
 The Primary Memory is volatile,that is, the content is lost when the power supply is switched off.
The Random Access Memory (RAM) is an example of a main memory.
 The Secondary memory is non volatile, that is, the content is available even after the power
supply is switched off. Hard disk, CD-ROM and DVD ROM are examples of secondary memory.

Generation & Period Main Component used Merits/Demerits

First Generation
1942-1955

Second Generation
1955-1964

Third Generation
1964-1975

Fourth Generation
1975-1980

Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits

(VLSI)

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Sixth Generation
In future

Inkjet Printers:

 Inkjet Printers use colour cartridges which combined Magenta, Yellow and Cyan inks to
create color tones.
 A black cartridge is also used for monochrome output.
 Inkjet printers work by spraying ionized ink at a sheet of paper.
 The speed of Inkjet printers generally range from 1-20 PPM (Page Per Minute).
 They use the technology of firing ink by heating it so that it explodes towards the paper
in bubbles or by using piezoelectricity in which tiny electric currents controlled by
electronic circuits are used inside the printer to spread ink in jet speed.

B. Multimedia Projectors:

 Multimedia projectors are used to produce computer output on a big screen.

 These are used to display presentations in meeting halls or in classrooms.

C. Bar Code / QR Code Reader:

 A Bar code is a pattern printed in lines of different thickness. The Bar code reader scans
the information on the bar codes transmits to the Computer for further processing.
 The system gives fast and error free entry of information into the computer.

QR (Quick response) Code:

 The QR code is the two dimension bar code which can be read by a camera and
rocessed to interpret the image.

ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS

1. which of the following led us today to extremely high speed calculating device?

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a. Laptop b. Tabulating Machine c. Abacus d. ENIAC
2. The first calculating device is
a. ENIAC b. Analytical Engine c. EDVAC d. abacus
3. In which year the concept of the analytical engine was invented?
a. 1837 b.1910 c.1991 d.1836
4. Which of the following period the first generation computers belongs?
a. 1956-1963 b. 1940-1956 c. 1964-1971 d. 1980-1990
5. Which of the following is not a first generation computer?
a. ENIAC b. EDVAC c. UNIVAC d.IBM1401
6. The component used in second generation computers is-----
a. Transistors b. ICs c. vacuum tubes d. Microprocessors
7.The second generation computers belongs to period-----
a. 1956-1963 b. 1955 -1964 c. 1964-1971 d. 1980-1990
8. Which of the following is a not second generation computer?
a.IBM1401 b. IBM1620 c. UNIVAC1108 D.UNIVA1
9. The third generation computers belongs to the period-----
a. 1956-1963 b. 1940-1956 c. 1964-1975 d. 1980-1990
10. Which component used in third generation computers?
a. Transistors b. IC c. vacuum tubes d. Microprocessors
11. Which of the following is a third generation computers ……………..
[A] IBM 1620 [B] ENIAC [C] UNIVAC 1 [D] Honeywell 6000 series
12. The fourth generation belongs to …………
[A] 1940-1956 [B] 1975-1980] [C] 1964-1971 [D] 1980-1990
13. The components used in fourth generation computers are ……………
[A] ICS [B] Transistors [C] VLSI [D] Vacuum tube
14. Laptops, notebooks, tablets are belongs to …………… generation computers.
[A] First [B] Second [C] Third [D] Fourth
15. In which generation, microcomputer series such as IBM AND APPLE was developed ..
[A] Fourth [B] Third [C] Second [D] First
16. The fifth generation computers belongs to …………………..
[A] 1971-1980 [B] 1980-till date [C] 1964-1971 [D] 1940-1956
17. Supers Conductors are used in ………… generation computers.
[A] Fourth [B] Sixth [C] Fifth [D] Third
18. Name the software introduced in fifth generation computers ………….
[A] Artificial Neural Networks [B] Artificial Intelligence
[c] Robotics [D] Natural language processing
19. In which generation, the voice recognition software developed ………………
[A] Sixth [B] Fourth [C] Third [D] Second
20. Robotics developed in …………….Generation.
[A] Third [B] Fourth [C] Fifth [D] Sixth
21. The present computers are belongs to ……………..generation.
[A] Seventh [B] Eighth [C] Sixth [D] Fifth
22. ENAIC was invented by ……………..

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[A] John Vincent [B] Cliff Berry [C] Presper Eckert,John Mauchly [D] Earl R Johnson and
Atanasoff
23. Which generation gave a start to parallel computing ……………
[A] Fourth [B] Fifth [C] Sixth [D] Seventh
24. The …………. Will be the explosive in the sixth generation computers
[A] MAN [B] PAN [C] LAN [D] WAN
25. Expand NLP is ………………
[A] National Language Problem [B] Natural Language Processing
[C] Network Language Program [D] Network Local processing
26. NLP is a component of ……………..
[A] Expert systems [B] Robotics [C] Parallel computing [D] Artificial intelligence
27. Expand ANN …………..
[A] Artificial neural network [B] Artificial Neurons network
[C] Artificial Neural network [D] Artificial network neurons
28. Which of the following is not a form of parallel computing …………….
[A] Bit level [B] Instruction level [C] Task parallelism [D] Robotics
29. Which is the combination of hardware and software …………
[A] Programs [B] Computer [C] Data [D] Information
30. Physical components of a computer are called ……………..
[A] Software [B] Data [C] Information [D] Hardware
31. The set of programs or instructions are called ……………
[A] Software [B] Hard ware [C] Information [D] Data
32. Every task given to a computer- follows a[n] ………….cycle
[A] BPO [B] IPO [C] ANN [D] NLP
33. Which of the following holds the data and instructions during the processing …............
[A] Input unit [B] Output [C] Memory unit [D] Software
34. Which units Does the processing of data……………….
[A] CPU [B] Registers [C] Input unit [Output unit
35. Most commonly used input devices ……………..
[A] Keyboard [B] Mouse [C] Scanner [D] A and b
36. Which of the following is not an output device ……………….
[A] Monitor [B] Projector [C] Scanner [D] Plotter
37. Which of the following is the heart of the computer …………….
[A] CPU [B] HDD [C] SDD [D] ANN
38. Expansion of CPU is …………….
[A]center process unte [B] central Projector unit
[C] Central processing unit [D]center Plotter test
39. Expansion of ALU is ………………..
[A]Arthenter process unte [B] Arthmat Projector unit
[C] Arithmetic Logical Unit [D]center Plotter test
40. Which of the following operations of ALU promote decision-making ability of computer ..
[A] Logical [B] Relational [C] Arithmetic [D] Binary
41. The memory unit is of …………. Kinds

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[A] 3 [B] 4 [C] 2 [D] 5
42. Which of the following is not a non volatile memory………………..
[A] ROM [B] Hard disk [C] CD-ROM [D] RAM
43. I have GUI keys and modifier keys who am I
[A] Keyboard [B] Mouse [C] Scanner D] Moniter
44. I am used to select icons, menus, command buttons the screen…………
[A] Scanner [B] Plotter [C] Speaker [D] Mouse
45. Optical mouse invented in the year……………
[A] 1968 [B] 1973 [C] 1988 [D] 1981
46. Laser mouse has as many as …………………
[A] 10 [B] 11 [C] 12 [D] 3
47. Who invented the computer mouse…………….
[A] Dougles Engelbart [B] Fingerprint Scanner [C] Track ball [D] Retinal Scanner
48. Which devices works like a Xerox machine……………
[A] Retinal scanner [B] OCR [C] Scanner [D] OCR
49. Which device is very safe and convenient for security instead of password ….
[A] Scanner [B] Fingerprint Scanner [C] Track ball [D] Retinal Scanner
50. Which device is similar to the up-down design of the mouse ………………
[A] Mouse [B] Optical mouse [C] Laser mouse [D] Track ball
51.i detect alpha numeric characters printed or written on a paper.who am i?
a. scanner b. mouse c. Trackball d. optical character reader
52. which of the following device uses CCD Electronic chip?
a.OCR b.BCR c. Voice input system d. Digital Camera
53. I capture Images videos directly in the digital form……….
[A] Digital camera [b] barcode reader [c] Scanner [d] TRAC BALL
54. Expansion of CCD is ………
[a] coupled changed device [b]changed coupled device
[c] changed couple device [d] changed cup desk
55. I am using the finger to interact with MANY Electronic gadgets. Who am I ……….
[A] KEYER [b] trackball [c] touch screen [d] scanner
56. Expansion of GUI is ……….
[A] Graphics user interface [b] graphical user Information
[c] geographical user information [d] graphical user interface .
57. In which device the keys are arranged in a cluster ………
[A] Key board [b] KEYER [c] barcode reader [d] touch screen
58. Picture on a monitor Are formed with pictures elements called ………….
[a] resolution [b] software [c] high definition [d] pixels
59 which Acts as an interface between the computer and monitor …………
[a] LCD [b] CRT [c] VGA [d] LED
60. Printers are divided into ……… main categories.
[a] 3 [b] 2 [c] 4 [d] 6
61. Expansion of CPS is ……………
[a] character per second [b] copy per second [c] code per second [d] character per screen

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62. The first computer monitor was released in the year ………….
[a] 1980 [b] 1983 [c] 1963 [d] 1973
63. Which printer work by spraying ink at a sheet of paper ………….
[a] laser printer [b] inkjet printer [c] dot matrix printer [d] line dot matrix printer
64. Match the following.
A] First generation [1] ICS
b] Second generation [2] VLSI
c] Third generation [3] parallel processing
d] Fourth generation [4] vacuum tubes
e] Fifth generation [5] parallel competing
f] Sixth generation [6] transistor s [ans. 461235]
65. Which of the following statement is not true about fifth generation computers…………….
A] Super conductors are not used
B] Computers are very small in size
C] Not able to solve high complex problems
D] Not usage of high level language
E] Introduction of AI [ANS only a, c, d]
66. Match the following
I. Expert system 1. second generation
II. Batch processing 2. fourth generation
III. NLP 3. six generation
IV. Introduction of laptop 4. fifth generation
[ans. 4132]
67. The expansion of VLSI is ……………
A] Verified logical scale integrated circuits B] Very logical small integer circuits
C] Very large scale integrated circuit D] Verified logical scale integer circuits
68. Which of the following statements is true……….
A] Machine language programs are done in first generation
B] Third generation computer are not more reliable
C] Voice recogniation software developed in fifth generation computer
D] Micro processors are used in fourth generation computer
A] ONLY (1) B)only(1 and 4) C) only(3 and4) d) only (1) (3) and ( 4)
69.) Match the following
I. EDVAC 1. Second generation computer
II. Apple 2. Fifth generation computer
III. IBM 1620 3. First generation computer
IV. Expert system 4. Fourth generation computer

a)4,3,1,2 B) 3,1,2,4 c) 4,1,2,3 d)3,4,1,2

70.) who was the inventor of the electronic digital computer?
a) john Vincent atanasoft b) J.presper eckert
C) john mauchly d) Charles babbage
71.) the first digital computer name was

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a) EDVAC b) UNIVACI c) ENIAC d) IBM 1620
72.) which company developed first digital computer?
a) Atanasoft berry computer b) at & t bell
c) ibm d) Microsoft
73.) which of the following statement is not true ?
(1) sixth generation computers are not the era of intelligent computers.
(2) sixth generation computers gave a start of parallel computing
(3) sixth generation computers will not be the explosive growth of wan
(4) sixth generation computers are not based on ANN
a) only (1)and (3) b) only (2) and(4)
c) only(2) d) all the above
74.)which of the following are the computer systems inspired by the Biological neural natworks?
a)NLP b) IBM C) ROBOTICS D) ANN
75.) artificial neurons are organized in
a) nodes b) layers b) signals d) units
76.) which of following is a type of computation in which Many calculations are carried
outsimultaneously?
a)Nlp b) ann C) parallel processing d) parallel computing
77.) which of the following has become the dominant Paradigm in computer architecture?
a)Parallel computing b) parallel processing
c) multi tasking d) multi processing
78.) which of the following concerned with the interactions Between computers and human
language?
a) artificial neurons b) neural network
c) artificial intelligence d) natural language processing
79.) which of the mechanical calculators used for numerical calculations?
a) abacus b) slide rule
c) Napier bones d) all of the these
80.) The conversion of data to information is called
a) Data digitization b) data processing
c) Data management d) all of these
81.) Fill the following
Input ->_______ -> output
a) dta b) information c) process d)computer
82.) a set of instructions given to the computer is called
a) information b) data c) input d) program
83.) match the following
I. Information 1. set of instructions
II. Hardware 2. set of programs
III. data 3. convey some meaning
IV. program 4. motherboard
V. software 5. set of raw facts
a) 3,4,5,1,2 b) 4,5,1,2,3 c) 1,3,4,5,2 d) 2,3,5,4,1

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84.) which of following is not a hardware ?
(a) keybord (b) monitor (c) instruction (d) bus
85.) which unit of the computer does processing?
(a) ALU (b) cpu (c) control unit (d) out unit
86.) which unit enable a computer to store the date and programs temporarily
a) memory unit b) mass storage device
c) out put count d) CPU
87.) which of the following device not stores the data permanently?
a) HDD b) SSD C) tape drives d) RAM
88.) which of following devices stores the data permanently
A) hdd b)tape drives C) ssd d) all of these
89.) Match the following
I. Output device (1)retrieve the data is possible
II. CPU (2) data and instruction given to the computer
III. Memory (3) temporarily stores data
IV. Mass Storage Device (4) delivers the data processed by CPU
V. Input device (5) executes instruction
a) 5,4,1,2,3 b) 4,5,3,1,2 c) 4,5,3,2,1 d) 5,4,3,2,1
90.) Which of following statement is true?
(1) Commonly used input device are keyboard and mouse
(2) SSD is not a mass storage device
(3) Tape drives are used to store large amount of data permanently
(4) Processed data is delivered through only output device
a) Only ( 4) b) only (2) & (4)
c) Only (1) & (3) D) only (1) ,(3),& (4)
91.) Which of the following is the logical machine which interprets and executes software
instructions?
a) CPU b) ALU c) control unit d) memory unit
92.) Match the following
(1) used to feed data to the computer 1) ALU
(2) controls the operation of memory unit 2) input unit
(3) computing functions are performed on data 3) output unit
(4) controls the flow of data between memory unit and i/o units 4) CPU
(5) convey information in understandable form 5) control unit

a) 2,4,1,3,5 b) 1,3,5,2,4 c) 2,3,1,4,5 d) 2,4,1,5,3

93.) How many classification of memories inn memory unit?
a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) more than 2
94.) Which memory stores the data temporarily ?
a) Secondary b)ROM c) primary d) CD_ ROM
95.) Which memory stores the data permanently?
a) ROM b) CD_ ROM c) DVD_ ROM d) all of these
96.) I am volatile memory.who am i ?

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a) ROM b)RAM c) CD_ ROM d) PENDRIVE
97.) How many types of keyboards used to input the data ?
a) 3 b) 2 c) 4 d) 5
98.) which of the following is a type of keyboard ?
a) wired b) wireless c) virtual d) all of these [ans;(d)}
99.) which of the following is a pointing device ?
a) keyboard b) scanner c) plotter d) mouse
100. How many types of pointing device are there………….
A] 2 b] 3 c] 1 d] many
101. Which of the following mouse type used Green led…………….
A] Mechanical b] optical c] laser d] all of these
102. Which of the following mouse type used only infrared Led……………
A] Optical b] mechanical c] laser d] both a and b
103. Which Mouse has as many as 12 buttons……………
A] laser b] optical c] MECANICAL d] all of these
104. The MECANICAL mouse introduced in the year.
A] 1978 b] 1988 c] 1968 d] 1958
105. the red, green or blue led used mouse in invented by …………
A] john MAUCHLY b] Steve kirsch c] Henry BABBAGIE d] presper eckert ]
106. Who assisted Douglas Engel Bart to invent the mouse ………
A] berry b] Steve kirsch c] Bill English d] bill gates
107. Which device is used to enter information directly into the computer memory …………..
A] Keyboard b] scanner c] mouse d] plotter
108. The expansion of USB is ………….
A] Universal serial bus B] Uniform serial bus
C] Uniform serious bus D] Universal serial BIOL
109. Which of the following device used to draw lines on a computer device …………..
A] Track ball B] OCR C] BCR D] light pen
110. Which device scan the text by a law frequency light source ………..
A] BCR B] OMR C] OCR D] light pen
111. In which of the following data coded in light and dark lines ………..
A] Machine code b] bar code c] object code d] optical code
112. Which of the following device convert spoken words in to electric signals ………….
A] Light pen b] track pen c] microphone d] speaker
113. Which device used CCD chip …………..
A] Light pen b] scanner c] microphone d] digital camera
114. Which device converts light waves into electrical waves ………..
A] Digital camera b] light pen c] track ball d] OCR
115. Which device act as an alternative to a mouse or keyboard …………
A] Light pen b] touch screen c] digital camera d] scanner
116. Which of the following is a method of transmitting text into series of lights ………..
A] binary code b] object code c] Morse code d] none of these
117. Which device is used to ----- input by pressing one or more switches …………….

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A] Keyboard b] mouse c] touch screen d] KEYER
118. Which of the following statement is true ………..
A] Laser mouse is not able to work on hard surface.
B] Scanner converts the printed information into digital pulses.
C] A retinal scanner is not Iris scanner.
D] The user cannot use track Ball while the device remain stationary [ANS a and d]
119. Match the following.
A] Converts light waves in electrical waves. [1] KEYER
B] Uses a grid of infrared beams to sense. [2] Monochrome monitor
C] The keys are arranged in cluster. [3] Digital Camera
D] Display results in black and white. [4] Touch Screen [ANS 3 4 1 2]
120. How many types of monitors are there………….
[A] 2 [B] 3 [C] [4] Many
121. The expansion of CRT is …………
[A] Cathode Ray Tube [B] cathode Radio Tube [C] Cathode Ray Technology
122. The expansion of LCD is ……….
[A] Liquid Cathode Diodes [B] Liquid Cluster Display
[C] Live extract Display D] Display results in black
123. The expansion of LED is …………..
[A] Liquid Extract Display [B] Light Emitting Diodes
[C] Liquid Emitting Diodes D] Display results in black
124. The first computer Monitor was released in the year …………..
[A] 1974 [B] 1972 [C] 1971 [D] 1973
125. The expansion of VGA is ……………
[A] Visual Graphics Adapter [B] Video Graphics Adapter
[C] Video Graphics Array D] Display results in black
126. Which device Produce graphical output papers ………….
[A] Scanner [B] Touch Screen [C] Plotter [d] Track ball
127. Which of the following is an impact Printers ……………...
[A] Inkjet [B] Fax [C] DOX Matrix [d] Laser
128. The Printing speed of the matrix Printer measured in the form of …………
[A] CPS [B] BPS [C] Pins / Second [D] Pages/ Second
129. Which of the following Printer create carbon copies …………..
[A] Laser [B] Thermal [C] Inkjet [D] Line Printer
130. Which Printer Do not use striking mechanism for printer ………….
[A] Inkjet [b] Laser [C] Thermal [D] All of these
131. Which device is used to produce computer output on a big screen ………….
[A] Monitor [B] LED [C] Projector [D] Monochrome Monitor
132. The wires used to connect the functional components of CPU are calls ……………
[A] Pines [B] Pits [C] Wires [D] Bus
133. How many buses available inside the CPU ………….
[A] 4 [B] 3 [C] 2 [D] Many
134. In which bus the data can travel in single direction ……………

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[A] Address [b] Data bus [C] Control bus [D] Universal bus
135. Which bus control and co-ordination of all activities within the computer …………….
[A] Address bus [B] Data bus [C] Control bus [D] All of these
136. Which of the following is the diagnostic testing sequence of the computer hardware…
[A] POST [B] BIOS [C] MAR [D] MBR
137. Which of the following issue an error message if any computer hardware Not defected
[A] BIOS [B] BUS [C] RAM [D] POST
138. An error Will half the boot process found in ……………
[A] BIOS [B] POST [C] HDD [D] I/O System
139. The Process of loading an OS in a computer RAM is known as …………
[A] POST [B] BIOS [C] Booting [D] All of these

140. Which code checks partitions table for an active partition in a computer ………..
[A] MBR [B] Mouse [C] Binary [D] Object
141. Who invented analytical engine?
a. Charles Babbage b. John Von Newman c. Blaise Pascal d. Richard
142. Assembly language was introduced in which computer generation?
a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth
143. ENIAC belongs to which computer generation?
a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth
144. EDVAC belongs to which computer generation?
a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth
145. UNIVAC 1 belongs to which computer generation?
a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth
146. IBM 1401 belongs to which computer generation?
a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth
147. IBM 1620 belongs which to computer generation?
a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth
148. UNIVAC 1108 belongs to which computer generation?
a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth
149. IBM 360 belongs to which computer generation?
a. First b. second c. third d. fourth
150. Honeywell 6000 series computer belongs to which computer generation?
a. First b. second c. third d. fourth
151. Which is the fully functional electronic?
a. UNIVAC b. EDSAC c. ENIAC d. IBM 360
152. NLP (Natural Language Processing ) is a component of……..
a. AI b. Hardware enhancement c. Circuit simplification d. None
153. Deep Learning Neural Networks is a sub-field of…………
a. Circuit simplification b. Hardware enhancement c. AI d. None
154. Which is a raw fact about entity?
a. Information b. processed data c. data d. Record
155. Processed data is
a. Information b. Primary data c. Data d. Record
156. Which input device is a pointing device?
a. Keyboard b. Monitor c. Mouse d. Scanner
157. Which controls the operation of computer?
a. ALU b. CU c. BUS d. I/O Unit
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158. Arithmetic and logical operation of a computer?
a. CU b. ALU c. BUS d. Memory
159. Which of the following stores the instructions and data?
a. ALU b. CU c. BUS d. Memory Unit
160. Which conveys information to the user in an understandable form?
a. Input unit b. CU c. Output unit d. BUS
161. Which is volatile memory?
a. Primary memory b. Secondary memory c. ROM d. EPROM
162. CD-ROM, DVD-ROM are the examples of which of the memory?
a. Read/Write b. Volatile c. primary d. non-volatile
163. Hard Disk, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM are the examples of the following memory?
a. Read only memory b. Primary c. Secondary d. Voltaic
164. Which of the following is not true?
a. The no. of keys in any keyboard is always the same.
b. All the keyboards have strictly has the same layout.
c. All the keyboards are wired keyboard.
d. All the keyboard has alphabet and numeric keys.
165. Caps lock key, Num lock key are
a. Functional keys b. Lock keys c. GUI keys d. Direction keys
166. Mechanical, Optical and laser are types of which input device
a. Keyboard b. Optical c. Scanner d. Printer
167. Who invented Mouse?
a. Douglas Engelbart b. Blaise Pascal c. Bill gates d. Eckert
168. Which of the following mouse type has more than 3 buttons and can be programmed?
a. Mechanical b. Optical c. Laser d. 3D
169. The device that reads the information directly into the computer’s memory and works like a
Xerox machine is
a. Plotter b. Scanner c. Touch screen d. Track ball
170. Which of the following uses biometrics and convenient input device for security instead of
using passwords?
a. Track ball b. Scanner c. Light pen d. Optical mouse
171. The input device similar to upside-down design of a mouse?
a. Track ball b. Scanner c. light pen c. optical mouse
172. Which of the following uses biometric and unique pattern of retinal blood vessels?
a. Retinal track b. Fingerprint scanner c. Opthal scanner d. Retinal scanner
173. The input device that detects characters printed or written on paper is
a. Voice input system b. Track ball c. Optical character reader d. 3D mouse
174. Which of the following converts spoken words to machine-readable form
a. Voice input system b. Speaker c. Optical character reader d. Scanner
175. CCD stands for
a. Code Coupled Development b. Code Change Device
c. Code Charge Device d. Charge coupled device
176. The input device in which 4 to 50 keys are arranged in a cluster
a. Keyboard b. Mouse keys c. keyer d. Track ball
177. Pictures on a monitor are formed with
a. Pixels b. Patches c. Splashes d. Compresses images
178. CRT, LCD, LED are the types of
a. Plotters b. Monitors c. Routers d. Printers
179. Two types of printers are
a. Impact&Non-impact printers b. Slow and fast c. wire and wireless d. none

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180. The speed of dot matrix printer varies from
a. 30-5000 CPS b. 4000-5000 CPS c. 30-1550 CPS d. 1-30 CPS
181. The non impact printer using similar technology used by photocopier Is
a. Inkjet printer b. Dot matreix printer c. Line matrix printer d. Laser printer
182. The output device used to display computer output on big screen is
a. Line matrix printers b. Multimedia projector c. Monochrome monitor d. none
183. Which is of the following is not true?
a. Mouse and light pen are pointing devices
b. Monochrome monitors do not display multiple colures
c. Retinal scanner and fingerprint scanner are used for security.
d. Light pen is very easy to use and very accurate input device

184. When a computer is switched on, Which one of the following happens first
a. printer drivers are loaded b. Default application is executed c. BIOS starts executing d. Checls
partition table
185. Two types of booting are
a. soft and medium b. Warm and cool c. Slow and fast d. Special and standard
186. Who is considered to be the father of computers?
a. Charles Babbage b. John von Newman c. Blaise Pascal d. William ought red
187. Match the following :
A] First a] robotics
B] Second b] honeywell6000
C] Third C] UNIVAC 1108
D] dcba d] UNIVAC ans dcba
188. NLP was developed in which generation of computers.
A] first b] second c] fifth d] sixth
189. Who invented ENIAC?
A] John bricklin and bob mauchy b] presper Eckert and john mauchly
C] casper and john bricklin d] William oughtred and john napier
190. Identify the statement which is true.
A] Portable computer were introduced in fourth generation computers.
B] ULSI was used in the fifth generation computers
C] High level languages were used in third generation
D] All the above statement are true.
191. ULSI stands for
A] Uninterrupted local system b] ultra large scale integration c] ultra large scale sequential
interpreter d] universal license for system immigration
192. OCR stands for
A] Optimal computer resolution b] optimal character reader c] optical character recognition d]
optimal character rider
193. What is the meaning of the term computer?
A] to estimate b] to calculate c] to connect d] to think
194. Which of the following is not a hardware component?
A] Information b] monitor c] motherboard d] keyboard
195. What is the expansion of IPO?
A] Input process output b] internal process outsourcing c] integrated program output d] integral
project output
196. How many major components are present in the CPU?
A] 2 B]3 C] 5 D]4
197. Identify the statement which is wrong?

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a] ALU performs addition subtraction
b] Control unit controls the entire operation of a computer
c] the logical operation of ALU promotes the decision making
d] ALU controls flow of data between the CPU, memory and I/O devices.
198. how many major classifications of memory are there?
A] 2 b] 3 c] 4 d] 5
199. The individual keys for letters number and special character are collectively known as
A] Control keys b] character keys c] functional keys d] modified keys
200. Which one of the following input device is classified as wired, wireless and virtual?
A] Keyboard b] OCR c] scanner d] OMR
201. Which of the following input devices are classified as tactile, ergonomic, gaming?
A] Keyboard b] mouse c] scanner d] speaker
202. Which of the following device converts photographs into digital format?
A] Digital camera b] mouse c] bar code reader d] scanner
203. The main advantage of using the light pen is
A] easy to use b] accurate c] easy to detect the characters d] drawing directly onto the screen
204. Expand VGA
A] Visual graphics adaptor b] Video graphics array c] virtual graphics access d] vast graphics
anode
205. Expansion for LED is
A] VGA B] CD C] printer d] LIGHT EMITTING DIODE
206. When was the first computer monitor released?
A] April 1,1973 b] March 1,1973 c] April 1,1974 d] March 1,1974
207. Which of the following acts as an interface between the computer and the display monitor?
A] VGA B] CD C] printer d] plotter
208. Which among the following is the impact printer?
A] Thermal b] laser c] inkjet d] line matrix printer
209. Each dot in dot matrix printers produced by a tiny metal rod is also called as
A] wire or pin b] board c] IC d] pixel or picture element
210. Expand CPS
A] CHORD PER SCALE B] CENTIMETER PER SCALE C] CHARACTER PER SECOND
211. Line printers are capable of printing how many lines per minute?
A] 1550 b] 1200 c] 20 d] 1000
212. Which one of the following are the chief characteristics of laser printer?
A] Speed b] resolution c] reliability d] durability
213. Expansion DPI
A] DULL PRINTING INK B] DARK PRINTING INK
C] DOUBLE PARAGRAPH IMAGE D] DOTS PER INCH
214. Expand PPM
A] Pages per minute b] print per minute c] parts per minute d] paragraphs per minute
215. What is the speed of inkjet printers?
A] 1-10PPM B] 1-15PPM C] 1-20PPM D] 1-25PPM
216. Expand BIOS
A] Basic input operating system B] basic input output system
c] Bus integrated operating system d] buffering in operating system

2marks
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 1. Name the first generation computers.
ANS. ENIAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC 1.

2. Name the second generation computers.

IBM 1401, IBM 1620, UNIVAC 1108.

3. Name the third generation computers.

IBM 360 Series, Honeywell 6000 series.

4. Explain VLSI.
Very Large Scale Integrated circuits. Ultra Large Scale Integrated.

5. Name the Software introduced in fifth generation computers.

Artificial Intelligence Expert System.
6. Name the types of computer introduced in fourth generation computers.
i. Micro computer
ii. Portal computers.

7. Write the developments of sixth generation computers.

Parallel Computing Artificial Neural Networks
Robotics Natural Language Processing.
8. What is NLP……..
 Natural language processing is the ability of a computer program to understand human language.
 It is a component of artificial intelligence.
9. What is CPU………..
 CPU is the major component which interprets and executes software instructions.
 It also controls the operation of all other components such as memory unit, input and output units.
10. What is use of scanner………..
The scanner converts any type of printed or written information including photographs into digital pulses,
which can be manipulated by the computer.

11. What is the use of Microphone………….

Microphone serves as a voice input device. It captures the voice data and send it to the computer.

12. Write a note on Digital Camera…………

It captures images/videos directly in the digital form. It use a CCD[Charge Coupled Device] electronic chip.
When light falls on the chip through the lens, it converts light rays into digital formats.
13. Name the types of Monitors……….

i. CRT- Cathode Ray Tube ii. LCD- Liquid Crystal Display

iii. LED-Light Emitting Diodes.

14. What is use of VGA?

The screen monitor works with the VGA [Video Graphics Array] the video graphics card helps the keyboard
to communicate with the screen. It acts as an interface between the computer and display monitor. Usually
the recent motherboard incorporates built in video card.
15.what is Bio engineering?

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A discipline that applies engineering principles of design and analysis to biological systems and biomedical
technologies.

16.what makes Charles Babbage the father if computer?

Charles Babbage is considered radical and the concept of Analytical Engine 9it contained an ALU,basic flow
control and integrated memory )makes him the father of computer .

17.Define IPO Cycle?

The functional components of a computer. Every task given to a computer follows an
Input- Process- Output Cycle (IPO cycle).

18. Define Nanotechnology.

Nanotechnology is an engineering, science, and technology that develops machines or works with one atom
or one molecule that is 100 nanometers or smaller.

19.what is booting a computer?

Booting a computer is to load an operating system into the computer’s main memory or random access
memory(RAM).

20.what is Registers?
Regester are the high speed temporary storage location in the CPU. although the number of register varies
from computer to computer, there are some registers which are common to all computer.

21.





23.Mention the uses of scanner.





24.what is the use of plotters?




25.Name the types of booting process?

Booting process is of two types.
1) Cold Booting 2)Warm Booting

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26. what is meant by Cold Booting?

 When the system starts from initial state i.e. it is switched on, we call it cold booting or Hard
Booting.
 When the user presses the Power button, the instructions are read from the ROM to initiate the
booting process.

27. what is meant by Warm Booting?

 When the system restarts or when Reset button is pressed, we call it Warm Booting or Soft Booting.
 The system does not start from initial state and so all diagnostic tests need not be carried out in this
case.
 There are chances of data loss and system damage as the data might not have been stored properly.
28.write the performance of a Retinal Scanner?
Retinal Scanner: This performs a retinal scan which is a biometric technique that uses unique patterns on a
person's retinal blood vessels.

29.what is the classification of memory?

The Memory Unit is of two types which are primary memory and secondary memory. The primary memory
is used to temporarily store the programs and data when the instructions are ready to execute. EG: Hard disk,
CD-ROM and DVD ROM are examples of secondary memory.

30. “Computer have now become an indispensable part of our lives” – Write two supporting sentences.
Computer are seen in the fields of
* Field of education
* Research
* Social networking
* E-Commerce etc.,
Many organizations cannot perform without in fact some became paperless.

32. Who is known as “Father of computer”? Why?

Charles Babbage is considered to be the father of computer, for this invention and the concept of analytical
engine in 1837. The analytical Engine contained an arithmetic logic unit [ALU], basic flow of control, and
integrated memory: which led to the development of first general – purpose computer concept.

33. Write a brief note on analytical engine?

1. Analytical engine was developed by Charles Babbage in 1837
2. It has a) Arithmetic Logic Unit [ALU] b) Basic flow of control c) Integrated memory
3. The concept of analytical engine led to development of modern computer

34. Give examples of First Generation Computers

1) ENIAC 2) EDVAC 3) UNIVAC 1

35. What is scanner?

* Scanner is an input device
* Scanners are used to read the information directly into computer’s memory
* Scanner works like a Xerox machine
* The scanner converts any type of printed or written information including photographs into a digital
format, which can be manipulated by the computer

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36. What is a track ball?
Track ball is similar to the upside – down design of the mouse. The user moves the ball directly, while the
device itself remains stationery. The user spins the ball in various directions to effect the screen movements.

37. What is retinal scanner?

Retinal scanner is an input device. Retinal scanner performs a retinal scan which is a biometric technique that
uses unique patterns on a person’s retinal blood vessels.

38. What is light pen?

* Light pen is an pointing input device shaped like a pen is connected to a monitor
* The tip of the light pen contains a light – sensitive element which detects the light from th screen enabling
the computer to identify the location of the pen on the screen
* Advantage: Drawing directly onto the screen
* Disadvantage: Hard to use and is also not accurate.

39. What is a Bar code / QR code reader?

Bar code reader: A Bar code is a pattern printed in lines of different thickness. The Bar code reader scans the
information on the bar codes transmits to the computer for the further processing. The system gives fast and
error free entry of information into the computer.
QR (Quick Response) Code: The QR code is a two dimension bar code which can be read by a camera and
processed to interpret the image.

40. What is a voice input system?

Voice input system converts spoken words to machine – readable form. A Microphone is used to convert
human speech into electric signals. The signal pattern is then transmitted to a computer when it is compared
to a dictionary of patterns that has been previously placed in a storage unit of computer. When a close match
is found, the word is recognized.

41. What is a digital camera?

Digital camera captures images directly in the digital form. It uses a CCD (Charge Coupled Device)
electronic chip. When light falls on the chip through the lens, it converts light rays into digital format.

42. A. Who is called the father of modern computers?

Charles babbage
B. Who devised the concept of stored program
John Von Neuman
43. Name the supercomputers developed in India.
PARAM 8000 : Made by C – DAC was launched on July 01, 1991 is considered India’s First
Supercomputer.

3 mark
1. Define a note Vacuum tube?
Vacuum tubes contain electrodes for controlling electron flow and were used in early computers as a switch
or an amplifier.
• Big in size
• Consumed more power
• Malfunction due to overheat
• Machine Language was used

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2. Define a note Transistors
The transistor ("transfer resistance") is made up of semiconductors.
It is a component used to control the amount of current or voltage used for amplification/modulation of an
electronic signal.

3. Define a note Punched cards

Punch cards also known as Hollerith cards are paper cards containing several punched or perforated holes
that were punched by hand or machine to represent data.

4 . Define a note Machine Language

Machine language is a collection of binary digits or bits that the computer reads and interprets.

5. Define a note Integrated Circuits

The IC is a package containing many circuits, pathways, transistors, and other electronic components all
working together to perform a particular function or a series of functions.

6. Define a note High-level languages

A high-level language is a computer programming language that isn't limited by the computer, designed for a
specific job, and is easier to understand.

7. Define a note Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Natural Language Processing is a method used in artificial intelligence to process and derive meaning from
the human language.

8. Define a note Robotics

Robot is a term coined by Karel Capek in the 1921 to play RUR (Rossum's Universal Robots). It is used to
describe a computerized machine designed to respond to input received manually or from its surroundings.

9.Define Hardware and software?

Hardware is the physical component of a computer like motherboard, memory devices, monitor, keyboard
etc., while software is the set of programs or instructions. Both hardware and software together make the
computer system to function.

10.what is a mouse?
 Mouse (wired/wireless) is a pointing device used to control the movement of the cursor on the display
screen.
 It can be used to select icons, menus, command buttons or activate something on a computer.
 Some mouse actions are move, click, double click, right click, drag and drop.

11. Write the function of keyboard?

 Keyboard (wired /wireless, virtual) is the most common input device used today.
 The individual keys for letters, numbers and special characters are collectively known as character keys.
 This keyboard layout is derived from the keyboard of original typewriter.
 The data and instructions are given as input to the computer by typing on the keyboard.
 Apart from alphabet and numeric keys,it also has Function keys for performing different functions.

 There are different set of keys available in the keyboard such as character keys, modifier keys, system and
GUI keys, enter and editing keys, function keys, navigation keys, numeric keypad and lock keys.

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12. Write short notes Optical Character Reader / Voice Input Systems.
Optical Character Reader:
 It is a device which detects characters printed or written on a paper with OCR,a user can scan a page
from a book.
 The Computer will recognize the characters in the page as letters and punctuation marks and stores.
 The Scanned document can be edited using a wordprocessor.
Voice Input Systems:
 Microphone serves as a voice Input device.
 It captures the voice data and send it to the Computer.
 Using the microphone along with speech recognition software can offer a completely new approach to
input information into the Computer.

13. Expand the following:

POST (Power on Self Test)
BIOS (Basic Input Output System)
NLP(Natural Language Processing)

14.How to touch screen allows the user to interact with computer?

 A touch screen is a display device that allows the user to interact with a computer by using the
finger.
 It can be quite useful as an alternative to a mouse or keyboard for navigating a Graphical User
Interface (GUI).
 Touch screens are used on a wide variety of devices such as omputers,laptops, monitors, smart
phones, tablets,cash registers and information kiosks.
 Some touch screens use a grid of infrared beams to sense the presence of a finger instead of utilizing
touch-sensitive input.
15.what is the use Fingerprint Scanner?
 Finger print Scanner is a fingerprint recognition device used for computer security,equipped with the
fingerprint recognition feature that uses biometric technology.
 Fingerprint Reader / Scanner is a very safe and convenient device for security instead of using
passwords, which is vulnerable to fraud and is hard to remember.
16.write about the light pen?
 A light pen is a pointing device shaped like a pen and is connected to a monitor.
 The tip of the light pen contains a light-sensitive element which detects the light from the screen
enabling the computer to identify the location of the pen on the screen.
 Light pens have the advantage of ‘drawing’directly onto the screen, but this becomes hard to use, and
is also not accurate.
17. Give the use ofSpeakers?
Speakers produce voice output (audio) . Using speaker along with speech synthesize software, the computer
can provide voice output. This has become very common in places like airlines, schools, banks, railway
stations, etc..

18.explain keyboard.
 Keyboard (wired, wireless and virtual) is most common input device.
 Most keyboards have as similar layouts with keys.
 Character keys
a) Numeric keys [0 to 9]
b) Alphabet keys [A TO Z, a to z]
c) Special keys [*%$ +]

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d) Functional keys [F1, F2, F3 ….]

GUI keys [win key, right click key]

Edit keys [insert delete key]
Navigational keys [arrow keys, home, end ….]
Lock keys [num lock, caps lock]
System keys [break/pause, print screen]

19.what is the classification of memory?

The memory stores everything that computer works with.
The memory unit is of two types.

20.primary memory
 The primary memory is used to temporarily store the programs and data.
 The primary memory is volatile, that is, the content is lost when the power supply is off. The
random access memory (RAM) is an example of a main(primary) memory.

21.secondary memory
 The secondary memory is used to permanently store the data.
 The secondary memory is non volatile that is, the content is available even after the power
supply is off. Hard disk, CD-ROM and DVD-ROM(read only memory)are examples of
secondary memory.

22.what are the steps of a boot sequence?

When the computer is switched on, a copy of boot program is brought from ROM into the main
memory. This process is called booting.
1. The CPU first runs a jumps instruction that transfer to BIOS and it starts executing.
2. The BIOS conducts a series of self diagnostic tests called POST (power on self test)these
test include memory tests, configuring and starting video circuitry, configuring the system
hardware and checking other devices that helps to function the computer properly.
3. Thereafter the BIOS locate a bootable drive to load the boot sector. the execution is then
transferred to the boot strap loader program on the boot sector which loads and executes
the operating system.
4. Booting process is of two types- warm and cold.

23.what electronic technology characterized in each of the generations of computers so

far?
1st generation computers: used vacuum tubes
2nd generation computers: used transistor
3rd generation computers: used integrated circuits (IC)
4th generation computers: used microprocessor of VLSI
5th generation computers: used ULSI.

5 marks
1. Explain the Input and Output Devices.
Input Devices:

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(1) Keyboard:
 Keyboard (wired / wireless, virtual) is the most common input device used today.
 The individual keys for letters, numbers and special characters are collectively known as
character keys.
 This keyboard layout is derived from the keyboard of original typewriter.
 The data and instructions are given as input to the computer by typing on the keyboard.
 Apart from alphabet and numeric keys, it also has Function keys for performing different
functions.
 There are different set of keys available in the keyboard such as character keys, modifier
keys, system and GUI keys, enter and editing keys, function keys, navigation keys, numeric
keypad and lock-keys.

(2) Mouse:
Mouse (wired/wireless) is a pointing device used to control the movement of the cursor on the
display screen.
It can be used to select icons, menus, command buttons or activate something on a computer.
Some mouse actions are move, click, double click, right click, drag and drop.
(3) Scanner:
Scanners are used to enter the information directly into the computer’s memory.
This device works like a Xerox machine.
The scanner converts any type of printed or written information including photographs into a digital
format, which can be manipulated by the computer.

(4)Fingerprint Scanner:
 Finger print Scanner is a fingerprint recognition device used for computer security, equipped
with the fingerprint recognition feature that uses biometric technology.
 Fingerprint Reader / Scanner is a very safe and convenient device for security instead of
using passwords, which is vulnerable to fraud and is hard to remember.

(5) Track Ball:

 Track ball is similar to the upside- down design of the mouse.
 The user moves the ball directly, while the device itself remains stationary.
 The user spins the ball in various directions to navigate the screen movements.

(6) Retinal Scanner:

This performs a retinal scan which is a biometric technique that uses unique patterns on a
person's retinal blood vessels.

(7) Light Pen:

 A light pen is a pointing device shaped like a pen and is connected to a monitor.
 Te tip of the light pen contains a light-sensitive element which detects the light from the
screen enabling the computer to identify the location of the pen on the screen.
 Light pens have the advantage of ‘drawing’ directly onto the screen, but this becomes hard
to use, and is also not accurate.

(8) Optical Character Reader:

It is a device which detects characters printed or written on a paper with OCR, a user can scan a
page from a book.
The Computer will recognize the characters in the page as letters and punctuation marks and

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stores. The Scanned document can be edited using a word processor.

(9) Bar Code / QR Code Reader:

 A Bar code is a pattern printed in lines of different thickness.
 Te Bar code reader scans the information on the bar codes transmits to the Computer for
further processing.
 The system gives fast and error free entry of information into the computer.
QR (Quick response) Code: The QR code is the two dimension bar code which can be read by a
camera and processed to interpreter the image.

(10) Voice Input Systems:

 Microphone serves as a voice Input device.
 It captures the voice data and sends it to the Computer.
 Using the microphone along with speech recognition software can offer a completely new
approach to input information into the Computer.

(11) Digital Camera:

 It captures images / videos directly in the digital form. It uses a CCD (Charge Coupled
Device) electronic chip.
 When light falls on the chip through the lens, it converts light rays into digital format.

(12) Touch Screen:

 A touch screen is a display device that allows the user to interact with a computer by using
the finger.
 It can be quite useful as an alternative to a mouse or keyboard for navigating a Graphical
User Interface (GUI).
 Touch screens are used on a wide variety of devices such as computers,laptops, monitors,
smart phones, tablets, cash registers and information kiosks.
 Some touch screens use a grid of infrared beams to sense the presence of a finger instead
of utilizing touch-sensitive input.

(13) Keyer:
 A Keyer is a device for signaling by hand, by way of pressing one or more switches.
 Modern keyers have a large number of switches but not as many as a full size keyboard.
Typically, this number is between 4 and 50.
 A keyer differs from a keyboard, which has "no board", but the keys are arranged in a
cluster.

Output Devices:

(1) Monitor:
 Monitor is the most commonly used output device to display the information.
 It looks like a TV.
 Pictures on a monitor are formed with picture elements called PIXELS.
 Monitors may either be Monochrome which display text or images in Black and White or can
be color, which display results in multiple colors.
 There are many types of monitors available such as CRT (Cathode Ray Tube), LCD (Liquid
Crystal Display) and LED (Light Emitting Diodes).

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  The monitor works with the VGA (Video Graphics Array) card. The video graphics card
helps the keyboard to communicate with the screen.
 It acts as an interface between the computer and display monitor.
 Usually the recent motherboards incorporate built-in video card.
 The first computer monitor was part of the Xerox Alto computer system, which was released
on March 1, 1973.

(2) Plotter:
Plotter is an output device that is used to produce graphical output on papers. It uses single
color or multi color pens to draw pictures.

(3) Printers:
Printers are used to print the information on papers. Printers are divided into two main
categories:
• Impact Printers

• Non Impact printers

Impact Printers
 These printers print with striking of hammers or pins on ribbon.
 These printers can print on multi-part (using carbon papers) by using mechanical pressure.
 For example, Dot Matrix printers and Line matrix printers are impact printers.
 A Dot matrix printer that prints using a fixed number of pins or wires.
 Each dot is produced by a tiny metal rod, also called a “wire” or “pin”, which works by the
power of a tiny electromagnet or solenoid, either directly or through a set of small levers.
 It generally prints one line of text at a time.
 Te printing speed of these printers varies from 30 to 1550 CPS (Character Per Second).
 Line matrix printers use a fixed print head for printing.
 Basically, it prints a page-wide line of dots.
 But it builds up a line of text by printing lines of dots.
 Line printers are capable of printing much more than 1000 Lines Per Minute, resulting in
thousands of pages per hour. These printers also uses mechanical pressure to print on
multi-part (using carbon papers).

Non-Impact Printers
 These printers do not use striking mechanism for printing.
 They use electrostatic or laser technology.
 Quality and speed of these printers are better than Impact printers.
 For example, Laser printers and Inkjet printers are non-impact printers.

Laser Printers
 Laser printers mostly work with similar technology used by photocopiers.
 It makes a laser beam scan back and forth across a drum inside the printer, building up a
pattern.
 It can produce very good quality of graphic images.
 One of the chief characteristics of laser printer is their resolution – how many Dots per
inch(DPI).
 The available resolution range around 1200 dpi. Approximately it can print 100 pages per
inute(PPM).

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Inkjet Printers:
 Inkjet Printers use colour cartridges which combined Magenta, Yellow and Cyan inks to
create color tones.
 A black cartridge is also used for monochrome output.
 Inkjet printers work by spraying ionized ink at a sheet of paper.
 The speed of Inkjet printers generally range from 1-20 PPM (Page Per Minute).
 They use the technology of firing ink by heating it so that it explodes towards the paper in
bubbles or by using piezoelectricity in which tiny electric currents controlled by electronic
circuits are used inside the printer to spread ink in jet speed.
 An Inkjet printer can spread millions of dots of ink at the paper every single second.
Speakers:
 Speakers produce voice output (audio) . Using speaker along with speech synthesize
software, the computer can provide voice output.
 This has become very common in places like airlines, schools, banks, railway stations, etc..

Multimedia Projectors:
Multimedia projectors are used to produce computer output on a big screen.
These are used to display presentations in meeting halls or in classrooms.
2.Explain in detail the different types of Mouse.
s.n Type of Mouse Mechanism Developed and
Introduced
1 Mechanical Mouse • A small ball is kept inside and touches Telefunken,
the pad through a hole at the bottom German
of the mouse. Company,
•When the mouse is moved,the ball rolls. 02/10/1968
• This movement of the ball is converted
into signals and sent to the computer.
2 Optical Mouse • Measures the motion and acceleration • In 1988,
of pointer. Richard Lyon,
• It uses light source instead of ball to Steve Krish
judge the motion of the pointer. independently
• Optical mouse has three buttons. invented different
• Optical mouse is less sensitive towards versions of
surface. Optical Mouse.
3 Laser Mouse • Measures the motion and acceleration
of pointer.
• Laser Mouse uses Laser Light
• Laser Mouse is highly sensitive and
able to work on any hard surface.
3.Explain Impact printer with example?
Impact Printers
 These printers print with striking of hammers or pins on ribbon. These printers can print on multi-part
(using carbon papers) by using mechanical pressure.
 For example, Dot Matrix printers and Line matrix printers are impact printers.
 A Dot matrix printer that prints using a fixed number of pins or wires. Each dot is produced by a
tiny metal rod, also called a “wire” or “pin”, which works by the power of a tiny electromagnet or
solenoid, either directly or through a set of small levers.
 It generally prints one line of text at a time. The printing speed of these printers varies from 30 to
1550 CPS (Character Per Second).

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Line matrix printers use a fixed print head for printing. Basically, it prints a page-wide line of dots. But it
builds up a line of text by printing lines of dots.
Line printers are capable of printing much more than 1000 Lines Per Minute, resulting in thousands of pages
per hour.
4. Explain Non-Impact Printers with example?
Non-Impact Printers
 These printers do not use striking mechanism for printing. They use electrostatic or laser technology.
 Quality and speed of these printers are better than Impact printers. For example, Laser printers and
Inkjet printers are non-impact printers.
Laser Printers
 Laser printers mostly work with similar technology used by photocopiers.
 It makes a laser beam scan back and forth across a drum inside the printer,building up a pattern. It
can produce very good quality of graphic images.
 One of the chief characteristics of laser printer is their resolution – how many Dots per inch(DPI).
The available resolution range around 1200 dpi. Approximately it can print 100 pages per
minute(PPM).

Inkjet Printers:
 Inkjet Printers use colour cartridges which combined Magenta, Yellow and Cyan
inks to create color tones.
 A black cartridge is also used for monochrome output. Inkjet printers work by spraying ionised ink at
a sheet of paper.
 The speed of Inkjet printers generally range from 1-20 PPM (Page Per Minute).
 They use the technology of firing ink by heating it so that it explodes towards the paper in bubbles or
by using piezoelectricity in which tiny electric currents controlled by electronic circuits are used
inside the printer to spread ink in jet speed.
 An Inkjet printer can spread millions of dots of ink at the paper every single second.

5. Explain booting of computer and its types?

Booting of computer
 An Operating system (OS) is a basic software that makes the computer to work. When a computer is
switched on, there is no information in its RAM.
 At the same time, in ROM, the pre-written program called POST (Power on Self
Test) will be executed first. This program checks if the devices like RAM, keyboard,
etc., are connected properly and ready to operate. If these devices are ready, then
the BIOS (Basic Input Output System) gets executed. This process is called Booting.
 Thereafter, a program called “Bootstrap Loader” transfers OS from hard disk into
main memory. Now the OS gets loaded (Windows/Linux, etc.,) and will get executed.

Booting process is of two types.

 Cold Booting
 Warm Booting

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Cold Booting: When the system starts from initial state i.e. it is switched on, we call it cold booting or Hard
Booting. When the user presses the Power button, the instructions are read from the ROM to initiate the
booting process.

Warm Booting: When the system restarts or when Reset button is pressed, we call it Warm Booting or Soft
Booting. The system does not start from initial state and so all diagnostic tests need not be carried out in this
case. There are chances of data loss and system damage as the data might not have been stored properly.
6. What the sixth generation computer could be defined as the era of intelligent computer?
 In the Sixth Generation, computers could be defined as the era of intelligent computers, based on
Artificial Neural Networks.
 One of the most dramatic changes in the sixth generation will be the explosive growth of Wide Area
Networking. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a component of Artificial Intelligence (AI).
 It provides the ability to develop the computer program to understand human language.
N.HARIKUMAR,M,Sc,M.Phil,M.Ed,M.A[Edu],M.A[Tamil],P.G.D.C.A,
SRI NAVADURGA ENGLISH HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL
Lecturer in Computer Science

www.nammakalvi.org

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