DESIGN OF STAIRS

DESIGN OF STAIRS FROM GROUND TO LANDING

Material properties
f’c = 28 Mpa
fy = 415 MPa
main rebars = 12 mm Ø
Shrinkage/temperature rebars = 10 mm Ø
γc = 23600

I. Stair dimensions
Vertical height, Y = 1500 mm
Horizontal span, X=t*nt X = 2500 mm
Length of stair, L= √(X^2 + Y^2) L = 2915.48 mm
Riser height, r = 150 mm
Tread width, t = 250 mm
Number of riser, nr= Y/r nr = 10
Number of treads, nt = 10
Length factor, k= 0.4 + fy/700 k = 0.99286
Minimum thickness of slab, ts= kL/20 ts = 144.733 mm
Adopted thickness, h = 110 mm
Vertical depth, y= (h/t)√(r^2 + t^2) y = 128.281 mm
Effective depth, d=h-20-0.5-db d = 77.5 mm

II. Load determination

Weight of stair, wD= (0.5*t*(r+2y)*γc)/t = 4797.43 N/m
Live load, wL = 4800 N/m
Ultimate load, wU= 1.2wD+1.6wL = 13436.9163 N/m

III. Loads to transmit to supporting beams

Dead load, wD= 0.5wDL = 6.99339621
Live load, wU=0.5wLL = 6.99714227

IV. Shear Consideration

Ultimate shear, Vum = 0.5wux = 16.79615
Ultimate shear to design, Vud=Vum-wud = 15.7547843
Concrete shear strength, 0.17 ∅√(fc')*(bd) = 52

Since ØVc=86.02kN> Vud=16.14kN,

SLAB IS SAFE IN SHEAR!!!!

V. FLEXURE CONSIDERATION
Area of one 12mm∅ steel bar Ab = 36πmm^2
Minimum steel ratio,

1.4
ρmin ≥ = 0.00337349398
fy
√fc'
ρmin ≥ = 0.00318765218
4fy
Balances steel ratio,

𝜌b ρb = 0.028815953469
=0.85𝑓𝑐′𝛽/𝑓𝑦x600/(600
+𝑓𝑦)
Maximum steel ratio, 𝜌b = 0.63 x 0.0487 = 0.030681
Maximum ultimate moment,
𝑀_𝑈 = 1/8 𝑀_𝑈 = 1/8("14870.036/1000) " 15.1165308
𝑊_𝑈 𝑋^2 3^2 =
Resistance factor,
𝑅_𝑛 = 𝑅_𝑛 = 16728603/((0.85 〖 ) 0.11702518
𝑀_𝑈/(ø 〖𝑓
Reinforcement index, (28)(1000)127.5 〗 ^2 ) =
𝑐〗 ^′ −〖√(0.7225−1.7𝑅_𝑛
𝜔=0.85 𝑏 ) = 0.12642748
𝑑〗ratio,
Required steel ^2 )
𝜌=𝜔𝑓𝑐′/𝑓𝑦
= 0.00853005
 = 0.00853005
Required area of flexure steel,
𝐴_𝑠=𝜌𝑏𝑑 = 661.08
Spacing of 12mmø flexure bars,
S= (1000𝐴_𝑏)/𝐴_𝑆 = 171.08001

Provide 12 mmø flexure bars spaced at 296 mm on centers

Actual steel ratio,
𝜌=𝐴_𝑏/𝑠𝑑 = 0.00853005

VI. TEMPERATURE/SHRINKAGE BARS

Area of one 10mmø bar,
𝐴_𝑏𝑡=25𝜋 𝑚𝑚^2 = 78.5398164
Minimum area of temperature,
𝐴_𝑠𝑡= 𝜌𝑏ℎ = 220
Spacing of temperature,
𝑆=(1000𝐴_𝑏𝑡)/𝐴_𝑠𝑡
= 245.436926
  Use spacing of temperature bars at 240 mm on centers

VII.     DEVELOPMENT LENGTH OF FLEXURE BARS WITH STRAIGHT-END ANCHORAGE

Actual development length,

Ld = 0.5L + 150 = 1607.73797
Limit development length
𝐶_𝑏≤240/2
= 120

𝑘_𝑡𝑟= (40𝐴_𝑡𝑟)/𝑠𝑛 (as design specification)

= 0

𝐾=(𝐶_𝑏+ 𝑘_𝑡𝑟)/𝑑_𝑏
= 12 K ≤ 2.5
Minimum permissible development length, ld = 300 mm
𝑙_𝑑≥ = 373.464896
𝑓𝑦𝜑𝑙𝜑𝑒𝑛/(2.1λ√
𝑓𝑐′) 𝑑_𝑏
𝑙_𝑑≥ 𝑓𝑦/(1.4𝜆√(𝑓𝑐^′ )) 𝑥
(𝜓_𝑠 𝜓_𝑡 𝜓_𝑒)/𝐾 𝑑_𝑏 = 291.3026188
Reduction factor for excess reinforcement,
RF = (𝐴_𝑆 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑)/(𝐴_𝑆 = 0.896
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑) = ( 𝜌
𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑)/(𝜌
Minimum development 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑)
length,
𝑙_𝑑𝑚=𝑅𝐹 𝑥 𝑙_𝑑 = 260.9351644