R.V.R. & J.C.

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GUNTUR-522019

(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

VI-Semester 2020-2021

Subject Name: PROCESS DYNAMICS & CONTROL

Code: CH 322 (R18)
Course Handout

Instructor: Dr. K. Ramesh Chandra

Offered in B.Tech Chemical Engineering

Prerequisites: Laplace Transforms, Chemical Process Calculations, Process Instrumentation,

Chemical Reaction Engineering.

Course Objectives:

1. To provide the students the working knowledge of Laplace transforms to express the dynamics
of linear control system in terms of transfer functions, a method which allows the
categorization of a range of dynamic responses commonly encounter in practice.
2. To provide the students with fundamental background of process control theory and working
knowledge of automatic control systems for chemical process.
3. To provide the students the knowledge of stability analysis, frequency response analysis and
control system design approaches
4. To provide the students working knowledge in analysis, design and turning of feedback / feed
forward controllers in the context of various control strategies used to control chemical
processes

Course Description with syllabus:

Lectures: 4 Periods / week Sessional Marks: 40

Semester End Exam
Marks: 60
Semester End Exam: 3 hrs Credits: 3
UNIT – I
Basic Principles and problems of process control: Laplace transforms inversion by partial
fractions and properties of transforms.

Linear open loop systems: Response of first order systems, physical examples, response of first
order systems in series, second order systems and transportation lag.
UNIT – II
Linear closed loop systems: Control systems, controllers and final control elements, block
diagram of a chemical reactor control system, closed loop transfer functions.
Transient response of simple control systems, stability and root locus.
UNIT – III
Frequency response: Introduction, substitution rule, Bode diagrams.

Control system design by frequency response: Temperature control systems, stability criteria,
Ziegler–Nichols control settings, transient responses.
UNIT - IV
Advanced control strategies: Cascade control, feed forward control, ratio control and internal
model control.
Controller tuning and process identification: Tuning, tuning rules, process identification.

Control Valves: Valve construction, sizing, characteristics, and positioner.

Course Outcomes:
After completion of the course the student will be able to
1) analyze typical process dynamics with and without feedback control using both time
domain and Laplace domain approaches
2) analyze open loop and closed coop system properties and stability of control systems by
using Routh test & root locus.
3) apply frequency response based analysis for control system stability and performance
4) design, simulation and analysis of feedback, multi-loop and model based controllers &
control valves

CO-PO – PSO Mapping

PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO PO PO PSO PSO
10 11 12 1 2

CO1 3 3 3 3 3

CO2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3

CO3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

CO4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Learning Resources:

Text Books:
1. Process systems analysis and control, D.R.Coughanowr & Steven E. LeBlanc, 3rd
edition, McGraw Hill
Additional Reading Resources:

1. Chemical Process Control: An introduction to Theory and Practice, George

Stephanopoulos, Pearson.
2. Process Control, Peter Harriot, Tata-McGraw-Hill, New Delhi
3. Process Control Modeling, Design and Simulation, B.W.Bequette, PHI
4. Process Control and Instrumentation, R.P.Vyas, 4th Edition, Dennett & Co.
Structure of Weekly classes:
(Lectures, videos, IOT techniques, highlighting concepts and applications)

Lecture Hours: (As per timetable):

03:00 -04:00 (Monday, Tuesday)
04:00 -05:00 (Thursday)
10.00-11.00 (Saturday)

Lecture Plan:

S.No Topic Learning outcomes No. Of

Lectures
UNIT-I
1. Basic Concepts in Process control To understand the basic principles 1
and problems of process control.
2. Laplace transforms, inversion by To apply the Laplace transform 2
partial fractions and properties of tools.
transforms.
3. Linear open loop systems: Response To develop the transfer function 1
of first order systems-Transfer model for thermometer.
function of thermometer
4. Forcing functions To understand the various forcing 1
function used to disturb the
system.
5. Response of thermometers To derive the response of 2
thermometer to various forcing
functions.
6. Tutorial To calculate the response of 2
thermometers.
7. Liquid level system To develop the transfer function 1
of liquid level systems.
8. Mixing process, RC circuit To develop the transfer functions 1
of mixing process and RC circuit.
9. Linearization of nonlinear systems To develop the transfer functions 1
for nonlinear systems
10. Physical examples of first order To develop the transfer function 1
systems, response of first order for two tank non interacting liquid
systems in series(Non interacting level system.
system)
11. Two tank interacting system To develop the transfer function 1
for two tank interacting liquid
level system.
12. Tutorial To get the responses of first order 1
systems in series.
10. Second order systems: Transfer To derive the transfer function for 1
function development for damped damped vibrator.
vibrator.
11. Response of second order systems. To derive the response equations 2
for different situations.
12. Transportation lag To understand the concept of 1
transportation lag and to derive
the transfer function.
13. Tutorial To estimate the responses of 1
second order systems.
UNIT-II
14. Linear closed loop systems: Control To understand the various 1
system components of control systems
and the interaction among them.
15. Controllers and final control To develop the Ideal transfer 1
elements functions and to analyze the
response characteristics.
16. Heating system To develop the block diagram of 1
heating system.
17. Chemical reactor control system To develop the block diagram of 1
Chemical reactor control system.
18. Tutorial To calculate the responses of 2
various controllers.
20. Closed loop transfer functions: To derive the transfer functions 2
Transfer functions for single loop and for single loop and
multiloopsystems. multiloopsystems.
Tutorial. To determine the transfer 1
functions for single loop and
multiloopsystems.
Transient response of simple control To analyze the transient response 2
systems of simple control systems.
Tutorial To estimate the offset for various 1
control systems.
Stability: Routh test for stability To understand the Routh test for 1
stability analysis and its
limitations.
Tutorial To determine the stability for 2
various control systems.
Root locus To understand the general rules 1
for plotting root locus diagrams.
Tutorial To plot the root locus diagrams 2
for various control systems.
UNIT-III
22. Frequency response: Introduction, To understand the frequency 1
substitution rule response techniques and to apply
the substitution rule.
23. Bode diagrams To understand the general 3
construction of Bode diagrams for
different systems.
24. Tutorial To plot the Bode diagrams for 2
various systems.
25. Control system design by frequency To analyze the bode diagrams of 1
response: Temperature control temperature control system
systems
26. Bode stability To understand the Bode stability 1
criteria, criterion and safety margins.
27. Ziegler–Nichols control settings To estimate the Z-N control 1
setting from Bode plots.
28. Tutorial To design the control systems 1
using Z-N tuning rules
UNIT-IV
31. Advanced control strategies: Cascade To understand the cascade control 2
control strategy and it’s tuning.
32. Feed forward control To understand the cascade control 2
strategy and it’s tuning.
33. Ratio control strategy To understand the ratio control 1
strategy.
34. Internalmodel control To design the Internal model 1
control.
35. Controller tuning and process To understand the closed loop and 2
identification: Tuning rules open loop tuning methods.
36. Process identification To understand the various process 1
identification techniques.
37. Control Valves: Valve construction, To understand the valve 1
sizing construction and sizing
38. Characteristics To derive the various valve 1
characteristics
Valve positioner To understand the working of 1
valve positioner.
Total Planned Sessions 60
Assessment Plan:

Total
Assessment Dates Time Remarks
Marks
Assignment Test I 1-3-2021 to 6-3-2021 &
45 min 12 Paper Based
and Test II 19-4-2021 to 24-4-2021
Paper Based/ online
Home Assignments 22-02-2021 &
10min 5 quiz with Multiple
I & II / Quiz I & II 12-04-2021
Choice Questions
Attendance 5
Mid Examination 1-3-2021 to 6-3-2021 &
90 min 18 Paper Based
I & II 19-4-2021 to 24-4-2021
End Examination 5-5-2021 180 min 60 Paper Based

Total Marks 100

Class Decorum
a. To empower students who are interested in learning, it is a requirement that everyone
maintains silence when the class is in session.
b. No use of mobile phone is allowed in the class. Use of mobile phone in the class will be
dealt with in accordance with the Code of Student Conduct.
c. [Any other instruction the Instructor-in-charge wishes to include]

Note: Refer to the document Course Handout - Common Features for the following sections
of the course handout:
1. Evaluation of Assessments & Feedback
2. Make-Up Policy
3. Grading System