1

Noakhali Science and

Technology University
Noakhali-3814.

Assignment on:
Globalization and Its Impact on Health.
Course Title: Sociology of Health and Medicine.
Course Code: SOC 3105

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY

Submitted By: Submitted To:

Md. Abdur Rahman Israt Jahan
Roll No: ASH1820019M Lecturer
Year-03, Term-01 Department of Sociology
Session: 2017-18 NSTU
Department of Sociology
NSTU
Date of Submission:
05-09-2020
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Table of Contents

TITLE TITLE NAME PAGE

No No
01 Introduction 03

02 Concept of Globalization 03

03 Concept of Health 04

04 How Does Globalization Relate to Health 4-5

05 Globalization and Health: A Conceptual Model 5-6

06 The Impact of Globalization on Health 7-12

07 The Globalization of Healthcare Organization 13

08 Globalization and Public Health Policy 13-14

09 Effects of Globalization on Health: Bangladesh Context 14-15

10 Conclusion 15

11 References 16
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Introduction
The inescapable agreement currently exists that central changes to human social orders far and
wide are by and by underway, a pattern extensively alluded to as globalization. Even though this
advancement is generally established in how all social orders have shaped and adjusted over
centuries, there is a feeling that the progressions of late decades are more exceptional and
quickened. The resultant effects of globalization possibly influence each person and community.
Since the late 1970s, globalization has become a phenomenon that has elicited polarizing
responses from scholars, politicians, activists, and the business community. A few researchers
and activists, for example, worker's organizations, consider globalization to be an enemy of
popularity-based development that would debilitate the country state for the extraordinary forces.
There is no doubt that globalization, no matter how it is defined, is here to stay, and is causing
major changes on the globe. Given the fast multiplication of advances in innovation,
correspondence, methods for creation, and transportation, globalization is a test to health and
prosperity around the world.
On a worldwide level, the normal human life expectancy is expanding basically because of
advances in medication and innovation. The trends are a reflection of increasing health care
demands along with the technological advances needed to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease.
Alongside this expansion in life span comes the worry of discovering shared characteristics in
the treatment of wellbeing incongruities for all individuals. In a seminal work by Friedman
(2005), it is posited that the connecting of knowledge into a global network will result in the
eradication of most of the healthcare translational barriers we face today. Since healthcare is an
information-driven calling, it is sensible to assume that global healthcare will turn out to be
something other than a popular expression.
The health impacts of globalization are simultaneously positive and negative, varying according
to factors such as geographical location, sex, age, ethnic origin, education level, and
socioeconomic status. This study attempted to explore the key aspects of globalization and its
impacts on the health of the people and the nations of the world.

Concept of Globalization
Globalization has undoubtedly caught the imagination of many, judging by the enthusiasm with
which this term is so frequently used by scholars, policy makers, the business community, mass
media, and the general public. Intuitively, the term articulates how the contemporary world is
becoming more interconnected, with events in one part of the world having an impact elsewhere.
If we are to understand the implications of globalization for public health, however, a more
precise understanding of what it means is needed.[ CITATION fil \l 1033 ]
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Concept of Health
In 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined health with a phrase that modern
authorities still apply.
“Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity.”
In 1986, the WHO made further clarifications:
“A resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept
emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities.”
This means that health is a resource to support an individual’s function in wider society, rather
than an end in itself. A healthful lifestyle provides the means to lead a full life with meaning and
purpose.[ CITATION med \l 1033 ]

How Does Globalization Relate to Health

It isn’t difficult to imagine how increases in international commerce and the movement of people
—two defining features of globalization—might influence health. More goods go more places
today than at any point in history. More people travel farther, more frequently, and come in
contact with more people and goods than at any point in history. This increased movement of
both goods and people increases opportunities for the spread of disease around the world. And
it’s not just goods and services that can travel across oceans and state borders—so can disease
like AIDS, malaria, or tuberculosis.

The rapid outbreak of the Corona Virus (Covid-19) epidemic all over the world is only one
example of how trade can promote the spread of dangerous diseases. Mosquitoes that carry
malaria have been found aboard planes thousands of miles from their primary habitats, and
infected seafood carrying cholera bacteria have shipped from Latin America to the United States
and Europe. But just as globalization increases the frequency and ease with which diseases can
move around the world, it also can improve access to medicines, medical information, and
training that can help treat or cure these diseases.

Drug companies and governments can ship drugs to remote parts of the world affected by
outbreaks of disease. Institutions and professionals seeking to place medicines, or alternative
treatments, within the hands of the poor folks will currently build use of the merchandise
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distribution networks, communications technologies, and transportation technologies that have

promoted economic process over the past decade.[ CITATION glo20 \l 1033 ]

Figure 01: Outline Framework of Globalization and Health

Source: Researchget.net

Globalization and Health: A Conceptual Model

The relationship between the three processes of globalization is circular, i.e. there are important
feedback effects. Increasing cross-border flows stimulate the development of global rules and
institutions, which promote the opening of economies, which increases the scale and scope of
cross-border flows. Globalization is influenced by a number of driving and constraining forces:
technological developments, political influences, economic pressures, changing ideas, and
increasing social and environmental concerns.

Population health status and its distribution are determined by population-level influences,
individual- level health risks, and the health care system. The last two are strongly influenced by
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the household economy. There are multiple direct and indirect linkages between globalization
and the proximal determinants of health. This model highlights five key linkages from
globalization to health; three direct effects and two which operate through the national
economy. The direct effects include impacts on health systems and policies operating directly
(e.g. the effects of the WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)) and through
international markets (e.g. the effect on pharmaceutical prices of the WTO Agreement on Trade-
Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs)); and direct effects on other influences
on health at the population level (e.g. cross-border transmission of infectious disease, and
marketing of tobacco). The second category includes effects operating through the national
economy on the health sector (e.g. effects of trade liberalization and financial flows on the
availability of resources for public expenditure on health, and on the cost of inputs); and on
population risks (particularly the effects on nutrition and living conditions resulting from impacts
on household income).

As well as the linkages from globalization to health (dotted lines), there are also potentially
important linkages from health to globalization (heavy dotted lines) through the same channels.
While the impact of health on the globalization process itself is limited, the effects on household
and national economies are likely to be much stronger, creating the potential for vicious or
virtuous circles between the economy and health.[ CITATION Dav \l 1033 ]
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Figure 02: Conceptual Model for Globalization and Health

Source: Globalizationandhealth.biomedcentral.com

The Impact of Globalization on Health

Characterized as above, with globalization happening over numerous circles and measurements,
we can start to distinguish a portion of the manners in which that the cycle may affect general
wellbeing. This is conceptualized in which outlines how globalization, as a wonder driven by an
assortment of globalizing powers, can influence the determinants of wellbeing and, thusly, key
zones of general wellbeing. The perplexing linkages between globalizing powers, the
determinants of wellbeing and general wellbeing are just starting to be investigated, and a
characterized examination and strategy plan to comprehend and react to the difficulties presented
is genuinely necessary. The accompanying areas try to add to this errand by quickly talking
about more explicitly a portion of the key worries of general wellbeing and the likely effects of
globalizing powers on them.

 Communicable Diseases

With greater worldwide mobility of people, through business, tourism, rural-urban migration,
and displacement, the risk of importing and exporting communicable diseases increases. The
incidence of imported malaria to the United Kingdom, for example, has grown as tourism to
endemic countries has expanded. Similarly, the annual influenza outbreak each year is part of a
worldwide transmission of the virus that has accelerated with the growth of air travel. It was
alarm by public health officials over the possible global spread of the ‘Hong Kong flu, a highly
lethal strain, which led to the mass slaughter of poultry in the former colony.

As well as human-borne diseases, the greater movement of animals, plants, and other goods
across the globe, through international trade, for example, poses new challenges for public
health. The weak regulation of trade in rubber tires led to the introduction of Aeder albopictur
into the United States, Brazil, and parts of Africa from Asia. The mosquito is known as a vector
for encephalitis and dengue fever, diseases that are now becoming endemic to those regions.
Similarly, insufficient regulation of safety in the global trade of blood products (e.g. plasma),
worth an estimated US$3 billion in the late 1990s, contributed to the worldwide spread of
hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). With the launch in Seattle in December
1999 of the most inclusive trade negotiations yet, the trend towards opening borders ever more
widely is likely to continue.[ CITATION Lee00 \l 1033 ]

Globalization along these lines presents new difficulties to general wellbeing frameworks in the
territories of transmittable malady. More prominent powers over human versatility would be
morally and essentially troublesome, and endeavors to ruin the global progression of products
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would experience solid opposition by incredible exchange interests. None the less, general
wellbeing authorities must reexamine existing ways to deal with forestalling, controlling and
treating transferable infections towards a more worldwide viewpoint. Most promptly, measures
to reinforce public, provincial and worldwide observation and checking, presently in progress,
should zero in especially on building solid limit over all nations, quite lower-pay nations.
Avoidance, control and treatment systems likewise should be reconsidered to assess how
globalization is changing the spatial, worldly and intellectual components of communicable
illness. As a significant piece of such techniques, general wellbeing must be unmistakably more
favorable to dynamic in supporting fitting guideline of worldwide exercises that influence human
health.

 Non-Communicable Diseases

As well as new global threats from communicable diseases, which have perhaps most captured
the fears of policymakers and film directors, there are implications raised by globalization for
noncommunicable diseases. Indeed, a large majority of deaths (11 million) annually in wealthier
countries are due to noncommunicable diseases in adults, including cardiovascular diseases (3.3
million), cancer (2.3 million), and respiratory disease (1 million). To tackle this major burden of
disease, public health officials have largely relied on health education campaigns, assisted in
some countries by higher taxation of tobacco products and regulation of advertising and sales.
However, these efforts have had limited effect on a global industry advantaged by huge
marketing budgets and influential links with governments. Recognizing this challenge, WHO’s
Tobacco Free Initiative was initiated in July 1998 ‘to coordinate an improved global strategic
response to tobacco as an important public health issue’.

Other noncommunicable diseases can be understood concerning global changes in lifestyle and
the environment. The rising incidence of coronary heart disease, certain cancers and diabetes in
many populations are closely related to poor nutrition, obesity and sedentary lifestyles. These
risks, in turn, are being contributed to by the multi-billion-pound marketing of particular
consumerist lifestyles via the mass media. The global rise in the rate of television viewing, for
instance, has been linked with declines in physical activity. Children have been particularly
vulnerable to these increasingly globalized lifestyle messages, from the marketing of breastmilk
substitutes, to the widespread promotion of processed and convenience foods. The link between
noncommunicable diseases and environ- mental degradation is also being increasingly
understood. The depletion of the ozone layer, for example, is believed to be leading to rising
incidence of skin cancers. Deterioration in air quality has also been associated with rising
incidence of asthma, notably in children, and retardation of mental-development (as a result of
lead ingestion).[ CITATION Dav13 \l 1033 ]

At last, numerous types of substance misuse should be tended to from a worldwide point of view.
Liquor utilization, for example, might be connected to changing work examples and ways of life
as a result of a developing worldwide economy. Expanded work environment weakness,
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remaining tasks at hand and long periods of work, or the absence of work through and through
(joblessness) for some, has been essential for the 'new worldwide division of work'. The
worldwide exchange unlawful medications are likewise a significant test for general wellbeing.
By all signs, the market for illegal medications is growing inflexibly around the globe. The
weight for general wellbeing authorities lies to a great extent in treating the wellbeing outcomes
of unlawful medication use at the neighborhood level, yet progressively these endeavors should
be connected with worldwide endeavors at counteraction and control.

 Food and Nutrition

The worldwide elements of food and sustenance identify with how food today is created,
prepared, advertised and devoured increasingly on an overall scale. Generally, even though food
items have been exchanged universally for quite a long time, the majority of our food was
created and expended locally. During the twentieth century, be that as it may, food turned into an
undeniably worldwide industry commanded by global organizations looking for more
noteworthy economies of scale. There are a few general medical problems raised by this
undeniably worldwide food industry.

In many areas of the world the specific food demands (quantity and quality) do not match the
food production and this misallocation is one the most important drivers behind food trade. In the
20 years following the World Food Conference in 1974, the volume of agricultural trade grew by
75% and the value of food trade increased by 300%. Opinions differ, however, concerning the
effects of trade on food security. Free trade creates access to better and cheaper food supplies via
food imports and can stimulate more efficient use of the world’s resources as well as the
production of food in regions that are more suitable to do so. Food trade permits food
consumption to grow faster than domestic food production in countries where there are
constraints on increasing the latter. Accelerated economic growth can also contribute to food
security. Others, however, argue that the forces of globalization endanger food security and that
countries should strive to become more self-sufficient. For many countries the increasing
dependence on food imports goes hand in hand with a higher vulnerability to shocks arising in
global markets, which can affect import capacity and access to food imports. Many food insecure
countries are not able to earn enough with exporting goods to pay for the needed food imports.
Current liberalization policies are expected to have profound implications on food security. As
developed countries usually subsidies their agricultural sectors, while developing countries often
tax them, the effect of the policy reforms on food security remain often ambiguous. In case of
extreme food-insecurity and insufficient import capacity, food aid may be provided to
supplement the scarce food imports. Globalization can also affect food security by enhancing the
knowledge of foreign nations about the usefulness of food aid and its value to donor countries.
The right to adequate food is directly addressed in the 1966 International Covenant on
Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. In 1996, the World Food Summit reaffirmed the right of
everyone to have access to safe and nutritious food. Besides food trade, one can also deal with
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the mismatch between demand and supply by increasing food production in food-short regions.
The globalization process can increase food security by facilitating the worldwide
implementation of better technologies and improved knowledge (e.g. irrigation technologies,
research on genetically modified food). At the same time, the natural resource base for food
production is increasingly threatened. Finally, conflicts are, of course, a threat to food security
and it is expected that food security in sub-Saharan Africa, for example, will not increase without
the establishment of political stability.[ CITATION Huy16 \l 1033 ]

Generally, the connections between food, globalization and general wellbeing are mind boggling,
and grasp a wide scope of issues concerning sustenance, ways of life and ecological wellbeing.
Global co-activity to address a portion of the above concerns has fixated on the Codex
Alimentarius Commission, an intergovernmental body made by WHO and the Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO) to guarantee that universally concurred food norms, rules and
proposals are steady with the insurance of wellbeing. However, the food business itself, and the
current framework that controls it, is in impressive transition. The arrangement of an Agreement
on Agriculture by the WTO in coming years, specifically, will have significant ramifications for
food creation and exchange around the world. Except for food principles, expansive general
wellbeing concerns identified with the globalization of food and nourishment (for example
dietary change, natural corruption, employments of little ranchers) are not being tended to.

 Physical Environment: Infectious Disease Pathogens

The spread of irresistible maladies is presumably one of the most referenced health impacts of
globalization and past sickness episodes have been connected to factors that are identified with
the globalization cycle. The danger on developing irresistible maladies is progressively related to
heightening human-instigated changes in natural frameworks around the world. The mix of
development of products and individuals, and significant changes influencing biological system
merchandise and ventures all adds to expanded danger of malady spread. For instance, the
globalization of food exchange has been related with the expanded spread and transmission of
food conceived sicknesses. Illnesses like HIV/AIDS or hepatitis B can likewise spread through
exchange tainted organic items (for example blood).

Disease Factors believed to be associated with emergence as well as

with globalization
Cholera Possibly introduced from Asia by ships.
(Peru 1991) Disseminated by human travel.
Foot and Mouth Global trade and transport facilities movement of highly
(Taiwan 1997- UK 2001) contagious viral agent.
West Nile Virus Human travel or human transport of infected birds or
(USA 1991) mosquitoes.
Land use factors contributing to the loss of avian diversity.
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SARS (2003) Disseminated by human travel

Avian Flu Trade and travel
(Netherlands, Belgium,
Germany, 2003)

Table 01: Disease Emergence for Globalization (Taken from Newcomb, 2003)

Although some significant transferable illnesses are intrinsically basically nearby in their
transmission and the study of disease transmission, as diarrheal ailments, the variables adding to
the transmission of these more neighborhood irresistible sicknesses can in reality be influenced
by worldwide powers. For different sicknesses, as for instance jungle fever, HIV/AIDS, and
tuberculosis, the global spread is a significant concern. The ongoing flare-up of the Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) exhibits the capability of new irresistible ailments to spread
quickly in this day and age, expanding the danger of a worldwide pandemic.

Globalization is additionally causing a widening of the extent of organic and monetary results
(for example the monetary effect of SARS on Asian economies is taking care of go into the
worldwide economy) and speeds up reactions sometimes. Information about new advancements
can improve the observation of irresistible illnesses and the checking of anti-toxin opposition.
Wilson expresses that reacting to illness development requires a worldwide viewpoint both
theoretically and geologically as the ebb and flow worldwide circumstance favors the episode
and fast spread of irresistible malady. Subsequently, the strategies and activities undertaking by
the WHO are getting progressively significant in controlling irresistible illnesses at a worldwide
level. For example, the WHO assumed a basic part in controlling SARS by methods for
worldwide alarms, geologically explicit tourism warnings, and checking.

Finally, the link between public health and the environment includes the potential for new
knowledge and products that could benefit human health. With the growing incidence of
multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, drug-resistant malaria, and antibiotic and antimicrobial
resistance worldwide, attention has turned to find new plant and animal derivatives that could
yield preventive and curative treatments. Yet hopes for developing a cure and vaccine for
humans are tempered by the threatened imminent extinction of the species as a result of human
hunting and habitat destruction from logging.[ CITATION Dea06 \l 1033 ]

 Life Style

Due to the widespread flow of people, information, and ideas, lifestyles also spread throughout
the world. Individuals respond to the range of healthy as well as unhealthy lifestyle options and
choices available in a community, which are in turn determined by social interactions, global
trade, and marketing trade and economic development. Although major chronic diseases such as
heart disease or cancer are not transmittable via an infectious agent, the behaviors that predispose
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to disease can be communicated by advertising, product marketing, and social interactions (e.g.
via social influence, news media, and popular entertainment). Global trade and marketing
developments drive, for example, the nutrition transition towards diets with high proportions of
salt, saturated fat, and sugars. The Mir Burger fast-food chain, for instance, is selling American-
style hamburgers and fried potato chips in Tashkent, capital of Uzbekistan. Although this food is
relatively expensive, it still attracts a large clientele of fashion-conscious young people and the
success of Mir Burger could be a sign of a preference shift towards Western ‘junk food’, which
has a greater potential to cause obesity. Another example is the worldwide spread of tobacco
consumption as transnational tobacco companies take advantage of the potential for growth in
developing countries. Additionally, the scale of cigarette smuggling poses a considerable global
threat to the efforts to control tobacco consumption. Illegal trade in illicit drugs poses similar
problems. At the same time, the alcohol industry is almost as globalized as the tobacco industry.
However, health education can play an important role in promoting healthy lifestyles by
improving an individual’s knowledge about the health effects of different lifestyle options.
Besides health education, (global) policies can also directly discourage unhealthy behavior
through economic incentives (e.g. charging excise on tobacco) or other legislation. An example
is the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), which is the first public health
treaty negotiated under the auspices of WHO. The FCTC represents a paradigm shift in
developing a regulatory strategy to address addictive substances.[ CITATION The14 \l 1033 ]

Lifestyle Health Effects

Factor
Diet Excess energy intake results, together with physical activity, in obesity. Obesity
is an increasing health problem and has several co-morbidities such as non-
insulin dependent diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The nutritional quality of
the diet (e.g. fruit and vegetable intake, saturated versus unsaturated fats) is also
very important for good health.
Inactivity Physical inactivity has been linked to obesity, coronary heart disease,
hypertension, strokes, diabetes, colon cancer, breast cancer and osteoporotic
fractures.
Smoking Tobacco is predicted to be the leading health risk factor by 2030. It causes, for
example, cancer of the trachea, bronchus and lung, and cardiovascular diseases.
Alcohol The consumption of alcoholic beverages increases to risk on liver cirrhosis, raised
use blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, pancreatitis and cancers of the oropharynx,
larynx, esophagus, stomach, liver and rectum. The role of alcohol consumption in
non-communicable disease epidemiology is, however, complex. For example,
small amounts of alcohol reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, while
drinking larger amounts is an important cause on these very same diseases.
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Illicit According to the World Health Report 2001, 0,4 % of the total disease burden is
drugs attributable to illicit drugs (heroin and cocaine). Opiate users can have overall
mortality rate up to 20 % higher than those in the general population of the same
age, due to not only overdoses but also to accidents, suicides, AIDS and other
infectious diseases.  

Table 02: Lifestyle Factor and Health Effects (Taken from biomedcentral.com)

The Globalization of Healthcare Organization

There stays significant discussion concerning the degree to which medical services associations
are changing as an outcome of globalization. Some contend that public wellbeing frameworks
remain to a great extent public regarding administration conveyance, medical services laborers,
preparing, and guideline, and are probably not going to follow the course of, for instance, vehicle
manufacturing. Others, notwithstanding, watch a pattern towards an undeniably transborder
arrangement of medical services through the physical movement of wellbeing professionals and
the improvement of telemedicine and teleconsulting across public limits. Regardless of whether
globalization is influencing the spatial component of medical services associations, there are
changes along with the psychological measurement (for example how we consider medical care).

The globalization of data advancements has empowered general health experts to trade
information and experience to an uncommon degree. This trade, thusly, has quickened the spread
of specific qualities, convictions, and practices in medical services across public settings. A
genuine model is the ideas of proof-based medication and clinical practice rules, which, have
portrayed, have quickly spread from the United Kingdom and North America to Europe and the
past. The chance to share information all the more generally, and to gain from the acts of others
around the world, is of likely advantage for general health practice and ought to be upheld. None
the less, affectability to the propriety of medical care practices to other public settings, and the
achievability of moving them from generally prosperous settings to those with more restricted
assets, is halfway significant.

Globalization and Public Health Policy

How public health policies are made – who participates, what is the process, how are priorities
set, and what underlying values guide decision making – has changed worldwide in recent
decades. To a large extent, these changes have been a reflection of national circumstances and
health needs. However, the global flow of ideas, values, and beliefs about health, health care, and
health policy has also strongly influenced policy making in both higher- and lower-income
countries. The global dimensions of many public health issues today, as described above, raise
questions regarding the need to rebuild public health systems in collaboration with regional and
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global level efforts. The Treaty of Amsterdam will extend the authority of the European Union
over public health matters that will present an opportunity to address many of the public health
issues raised in this paper. Under Director-General Gro Harlem Brundtland, WHO is also
seeking to play a more active role in addressing global health challenges such as tobacco control
and malaria. How public health professionals in the United Kingdom could contribute to the
activities of these organizations will need to be considered more fully. As well as regional- and
global-level linkages, public health policy makers may need to accommodate a wider range of
stakeholders. As part of efforts to strengthen good governance in a wide range of settings –
government, clinical practice, and corporations – there are initiatives to improve decision making
about health matters through, for example, more public participation (e.g. primary care groups,
BSE inquiry), evidence-based practice, public-private partnerships, and accreditation. In the
context of globalization, there are many public health issues that are not resolvable within the
health sector alone because of their intersectoral and transnational nature. Although the
Department of Health, the national health system, and public health professionals will continue
to form the backbone of the United Kingdom’s public health system, many global health issues
will require a broader coalition of stakeholders and knowledge than hitherto drawn upon. Public
health professionals may need to consider going beyond traditional circles of contact, to engage
other parts of governmental (e.g. Department of Trade and Industry, Department of the
Environment) and nongovernmental organizations that seek to begin understanding and
addressing the impact of globalization on health.[ CITATION Glo1 \l 1033 ]

Effects of Globalization on Health: Bangladesh Context

Medical care is an essential right to a person, yet directly it has been an extraordinary issue for
the low and center salary gatherings of individuals in Bangladesh. Clinical administrations are
being sold and purchased at an excessive cost in private clinical focuses or clinics in Bangladesh
as well as over the world. Business elites make their Medicare establishments the well-setting
wellsprings of bringing in cash; however, they were to be the places for social help. Then again,
the open emergency clinics are not inappropriate conditions to serve the clinical therapy
particularly for the lodge – in light of the fact that administration specialists are additionally
included as experts in such those private clinical focuses or clinics for extra tremendous salary -
dealers, operators of them are set up there to remove the patients to the focuses. Following the
globalization strategy, social divisions (wellbeing, instruction) is left to the market line as
business things. This arrangement is embraced for ensuring wellbeing related common freedoms,
yet it is lamented that it has been one sort of sheltered and productive business. There is no
misfortune in the organizations as which work focusing on human fundamental needs
(wellbeing) – it involves life – so individuals are by and large consistently caught by the
wellbeing entrepreneurs. Directly right around 65 % of labor is being finished by cesarean
activity in private emergency clinics and centers; however, they are generally pointless – it ought
to be under 15 percent according to the worldwide norm – yet lucrative patterns of specialists
and medical clinic proprietors make this circumstance defenseless. Clinical consumption has
 15

expanded by around 70 percent than that of 15 years back in Bangladesh. According to the
privatization and liberation strategy, clinical administrations are reached up to towns and ghettos
in urban regions; yet ordinary citizens have getting caught in the cost web – even they are
experiencing malady cycle having medication and its reactions – they are confounded to
comprehend where they can get legitimate treatment. Wherever the cash engines are sitting for
lucrative help in the appearance of clinical servicemen. The older destitute individuals are
directly viewed as the weakest gathering – they are experiencing various ailments, yet they have
no cash enough to be better sedated – the state authority can't guarantee their wellbeing rights in
reality because of the unscrupulous act of private clinical segments and awful administration in
open divisions. Nearby and Multi-National Companies (MNCs) speeds up the wellbeing industry
hugely by advancing their therapeutic things by their delegate and voracious specialists
connected for the most part in their private practice places (symptomatic focuses or center or
own chambers). Globalization makes the medical care framework accessible wherever through
privatization strategy; however, they are, as though, unapproachable to the lodge – these are just
for the wealth – these are the foundation of the wellbeing related financial specialist.

Figure 03: Impact of Globalization on Health Sector in Bangladesh

Source: neilpatel.com

Conclusion

The world around us is becoming progressively interconnected and complex and human health is
increasingly perceived as the integrated outcome of its ecological, social-cultural, economic and
institutional determinants. In addition, the effects of globalization are causing a growing concern
 16

for our health, and the intergenerational equity implied by ‘sustainable development’ forces us to
think about the right of future generations to a healthy environment and a healthy life. The health
network (comprehensive of general health parasitologists) must connect all the more legitimately
in flow examination and strategy banters on globalization and support esteems that advance
human health. At the same time, those in charge of globalization measures must perceive that
taking care of health effects will reinforce the drawn out supportability of globalization
Protecting Human/Public Health is the ―bottom line of Globalization along these lines,
fortifying of general health administrations and infection observation both nearby and worldwide
should be a focal segment of transformation to globalization just as forward intending to lessen
the weakness of globalization as they unfurl.

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