Math Formula Chart

The Math Formula Chart has all the basic math formulas. A Math Formula Chart is given below:

1. Square 1. P = 2a
Perimeter 2. Rectangle 2. P = 4(l+b)

Circumference 1. Circle 1. C = 2 (pi) r

1. Square 1. A = a2
2. Rectangle 2. A=lxb
Area 3. Triangle 3. A = ½(b x h)
4. Trapezoid 4. A = ((b1 +b2 ) x h) / 2
5. Circle 5. A = pi x r 2

1. Cube 1. S = 6l2
2. Cylinder 2. S = 2 x pi x r x h
Surface Area 3. Cone 3. S = pi x r x l
4. Sphere 4. S = 4 x pi x r 2

1. Cylinder 1. V = bh
Volume 2. Cone 2. V = bh/3
3. Sphere 3. V = 4 x pi x r3 / 3

Pythagoras
a2 + b2 = c2
Theorem
Distance Formula d = sqrt[(x2 – x1)2 +(y2 – y1)2]
Slope of a line m = y2 – y1 / x2 -x1
Mid- Point Formula M = (x1 + x2 )/ 2 , (y1 + y2 )/ 2
1. a2 + b2 = c2
2. y = mx + c
1. Pythagorean theorem 3. d = rt
2. slope-intercept form of the 4. total cost = (number of units) ×
equation of a line (price per unit)
3. distance formula 5. X = [-b ± sqrt(b2 – 4ac)] /2a
Algebraic Formula 4. total cost 6. am x b m = (a x b)m
5. quadratic formula
6. Laws of Exponents
am x a n = (a)m+n
7. Fractional Exponents
7. a1/2 = sqrt a

1. Sine Function 1. Sin x = Opposite/ hypotenuse

Trigonometric 2. Cosine Function 2. Cos X = Adjacent/ Hypotenuse
Formulas 3. Tangent Function 3. Tan x = opposite / Hypotenuse
Area of a Triangle Formulas
The area of the triangle is given by the formula mentioned below:

 Area of a Triangle = A = ½ (b × h)
This is the general area formula for triangles (right-angled and isosceles). Now, the area formulas for
all the different types of triangles are explained below.

Summary For Area of Triangles Formulas

Triangle Type Formula for the Area

Right Angled Triangle A = ½ (b × h)

Equilateral Triangle A = (√3)/4 × a 2

Isosceles Triangle A = ½ (b × h)

Right-angled Triangle Area Formula:

When we consider a right-angled triangle, its area could be computed directly. Two of its sides that
we consider is the base and the height. So, the formula for the area of a right-angled triangle is
calculated as:

 Area of a Right-angled Triangle = A = ½ × Base × Height

Example: Find the area of a right-angled triangle having two sides equal to 3 cm and 4 cm.
Solution:
For determining the area of a right-angled triangle, it is not essentially required to know which side is
base and which one is height. We can easily determine the area if we know the length of both sides.
Considering any of the ones to be base and other to be height, we have
Area of Triangle = A = ½ (b × h)
Area =(½) × 4 × 3 = 6 cm 2

Example: Find the area of an acute triangle with a base of 15 inches and a height of 4 inches.
Solution:
We know,
A = (½) × b × h
⇒ A = (½) ×(15 in) × (4 in)
⇒ A = (½) × (60 in )
2

⇒ A = 30 in 2
Equilateral Triangle Area Formula:
The formula for the equilateral triangle is given by-

 Area of an Equilateral Triangle = A = (√3)/4 × a 2

For an equilateral triangle, the height of the triangle is to be found before computing its area. For
doing so, we drop a perpendicular from one of its vertices (we know that height of an equilateral
triangle is the same as the perpendicular bisector of one of its sides). In the ∆ABC, CD represents
the height.

Given- Side of an equilateral triangle to be 8 cm. For calculating CD, we consider the right-angled
∆ACD.
We have,
AC = AD + CD
2 2 2

Or,
AD = AC – CD
2 2 2

⇒ AD = 64 – 16 = 48
2

AD = √48 = 4√3 cm
Thus,
Area of ∆ ABC =
Area = (½) × base × height = 12 × 8 × 4√3 cm 2

Area = 16√3 cm 2

Isosceles Triangle Area Formula:

The area formula for an isosceles triangle is similar to that of a right triangle. All the formulas for an
isosceles triangle can be checked from here and the derivation of the area is given below.
Similar to the equilateral triangle, we find the height of the triangle first to compute its area. Note that
the height of the ABC could be obtained by drawing the perpendicular line AD from A which bisects
the base AC at right angles. Now, in the right-angled ∆ABD, we find AD by,
AD = AB – BD
2 2 2
An isosceles triangle has two equal sides. Consider sides AB = AC to be 5 cm and BC to be 6 cm.
AD = 25 – 9 = 16
2

AD = √16 = 4 cm
Thus, area of ∆ABC = (½) × Base × Height = 12 × 6 × 4 = 24 cm 2

We have seen that the area of special triangles could be obtained using the formula. However, for a
triangle with the sides being given usually, calculation of height would not be simple. For the same
reason, we rely on Heron’s Formula to calculate the area of the triangles with unequal lengths i.e.
the equilateral triangles. So, the area of an isosceles triangle formula is given as:

 Area of an Isosceles Triangle = A = ½ (b × h)