What is coding?

Coding is the process of writing out steps for a computer to follow to achieve a goal or
perform a task. Typically, coding is done using a programming language -- like Java or
Python or JavaScript -- which the coder uses to translate his or her ideas into words,
phrases, and syntax that the computer understands. These instructions are also called
"commands."

Coding is typically done as one critical step in the larger process of computer
programming. Computer programming involves identifying a problem or challenge,
considering potential solutions, writing code that can enact those solutions, and then
testing and revising the code to achieve the desired results.

Computer programs, also called "apps," can generally be run on a wide range of machines
and devices, including computers, laptops, tablets, gaming consoles, and more. They
include everything from operating systems, like iOS, Windows, or Android, to robust
applications like Office or Photoshop, to web-based programs like Netflix or Instagram,
to games like Minecraft or Candy Crush. Everything that a computer or device does is
through a program.

Code Conquest, which provides a free coding guide for beginners, has a helpful history
and summary of the most common programming languages. For beginners, there are also
several programs that allow users to use blocks or visual elements, and to toggle back
and forth between blocks and the programming language.

Here's a simple example of code (using Python): print 'Welcome to my program!'

This particular command, "print," tells the computer to display the text that follows -- in
this case, "Welcome to my program!" This command does not include any variables,
which are commonly used in coding. Variables are placeholders that tell the computer
what to do based on a particular user action, like a keystroke or click.