2015-04-28 (Version 4.

2 2015-04-28

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 Consulting Member

This guide reports data on the thermal properties of concrete

and masonry constituents, masonry units, and systems of mate-
rials and products that form building components. This guide
includes consideration of thermal inertia of concrete and masonry,
passive solar design, and procedures to limit condensation within
assemblages.

Keywords: aggregate; cement paste; concrete masonry unit; moisture;

-

-
 -

;
; ;
; ; ;
; -
;

-
R U -

-
a
agr
ai
anp p
n
as
aungr
aw

-
C
cp
fs

hc
I ))
kc

kf
-
kp
k
L
La
Lb -
M
q heat capacity
qss
moist density
qw
U––
R or
R
Ri
-
-
-
Rin

Rnp p
n
Ro

m
Rs

RT
- thermal conductance
-
Rt

ti thermal conductivity
to -
ts
U or
U-
thermal diffusivity
Ugr

Uungr k cp
thermal inertia -
V )
Va )
Vc )
w k cp)
thermal resistance -
/s) R
water-vapor permeability

m
water-vapor permeance M
o )
 kc

or data source
kc e

Limestone

kc e

kc e

- underestimate kc

-
or

; ; ;
- ;
; ; ;
;

kc -

; ; ;

kc
 kc

in concrete or data source

kc =
e

concrete

concrete

cinders

Limestone

kc w/cm
-
w/cm
kc w/cm
kp
w/cm

kc kc m o o
w/cm

kc
constant in
kc
-

kc e

kc e

w/cm

kp
;
-
 concrete percent moisture content
†

cinders

Limestone

kc kc

* *

Limestone Limestone

* *
 Fig. 3.6—Cubic model for calculating thermal conduc-
tivity c of concrete as a function of conductivity p and a
of cement paste and aggregate, and volume fraction a of
aggregate.

Fig. 3.4––Thermal conductivity p for air-dry-hardened

portland cement pastes.

; )
kc

Va
Va
kc

-
-

kc kc kp ka
- Va

kc
 concrete type†

Un

masonry

Unsanded
Un

Un

Limestone Un

Un

Un

mortar; sanded Un

Un
*

Va

accurate kc

ka kc is
 -
sure
concrete type†

concrete

aerated

Un

masonry

Unsanded
Un

Un

cinders

Limestone Un

Un

Un

mortar; sanded Un

Un
*

R -

R
U- - -
 R

U R

- U U

U agr Ugr aungr Uungr

-
-

-
-
-

1 1

;
;
-

R
 †

U U U U U

†
R

‡
 †

mm U U U U U

†
R

-
*

and -

4.4.1.1 Case I: No steel ties— -

U
-

4.4.1.2 Case II: Steel ties—

Rt = RinRs aiRs + asRin

U-
4.4.1 Sample calculations
Fig. 4.3b—Five layers of an insulated hollow CMU.
 *

Lb La fs w aw w/A) ac aw) Lf or Lw Lb fs)

* *
mm mm mm
Lb La fs w aw w/A) ac aw) Lf or Lw Lb fs)

Fig. 4.4.1.1—Case I, no steel ties.

4.4.1.3 Case III:Steel ties plus solid concrete— -

U -

Rt = RsRcRin asRinRc aiRsRc acRsRin Fig. 4.4.1.2—Case II, steel ties.

R
R
 Fig. 4.4.1.3—Case III, steel ties plus solid concrete.

R- R-

R -

5.2.1 Thermal diffusivity -

U -

5.2.2 Heat capacity—

-
 cp capacity hc
*

masonry unit
-

stucco mm

capacity hc
*
m mm cp

5.2.3 Thermal resistance insulation— -

stucco
*

5.2.4 Daily (diurnal) temperature changes—

-
 -

5.2.5

- Fig. 5.2.4—(a) Thermal lag for 8 in. (200 mm) concrete

wall; and (b) thermal lag and amplitude reduction for 8 in.
(200 mm) concrete wall.
using or
5.2.6 -
-
-
-
-

procedure provided in
5.2.7 Building design—

) sections

5.3.1
-

-
 ; ;
; ;
; ; ;
-

-
-

5.3.2 Computer simulations of buildings—

R-

- -
to versus ti

ti
to is
qss
versus qw -
qw

qss
 † ‡

* §

R U

5.4.1 Equivalency

-
; ;

-
;
;
U R- U

-
- U
-

5.4.2 Building and energy code requirements

 † ‡

* §

; ;
; ;
; ;

-
-

- -
-
-
 6.2.3 Effects of emissivity—

6.2.1 Effects of conductivity—

-
6.2.4

6.2.2 Effects of absorptivity—

- 6.2.5 Effects of heat capacity

6.2.6 Effects of thermal diffusivity

6.3.1 Passive solar designs

-

-
 -

-
-

6.3.2 Direct gain passive solar systems

6.3.3 Other considerations

-

-
 –1

11

11
11
11

–11
11

11

- Ri,

Rt

U -

ti

Rt -
-
to
-
ture ts -
 -
M
†
w/cm w/cm

-
-

†
w/c
American National Standards Institute

M )
†

ASTM International

mm)

mm) -

†
w/c
 Journal ASHRAE
Transaction
ASHRAE Handbook: Fundamentals Proceedings -
-

ASHRAE Handbook: Fundamentals

-

-
PCI Journal

IHVE Guide -
Florida Builder

ACI Journal Proceed-

ings
-
PCA
- Research and Development Laboratories Journal
Proceed-
ings of the Conference on Energy Conservation in Building
Design and Construction
PCA Research
BIA and Development Laboratories Journal
Bulletin No. 43D
Concrete Architecture: Lightweight
Magazine of Concrete Research Concrete

ACI Journal
Proceedings

The Construction Speci- The Passive Solar Energy Handbook

Concrete International

Building Research
Research Note
and Development Bulletin RD075 -

Heat Transfer
Characteristics of Walls under Arizona Temperature Condi-
tions, Construction Technology Laboratories

-
Research and Development
Bulletin RD-071

Dodge Construction News

Building Science Series
 Building Science Series 45 Thermal Conductivity
of Concrete: Measurement Problems and Effect of Moisture
-

ACI -
Journal Proceedings ACI Journal Proceedings

Building Science Series

Symposium on ACI
Lightweight Concrete - Journal Proceedings

Concrete International

Symposium on The Thermophysical Properties of

Lightweight Concrete - Masonry and Its Constituents -

ACI Journal Proceedings

Bulletin EBO89b

Report

Bulletin CR62B

- ASHRAE Trans-
actions
ACI Journal Proceedings
ASHRAE Technical Data Bulletin
Brick Walls for Passive Solar Use
-

- -
Bulletin

Report
-
-
ASHRAE Transaction
Thermal Conductivity of Neat Portland Temperature and
Cement Paste Concrete

Passive Solar
Design Handbook
 U

unit dimensions area

Lb fs aw kc kf

Limestone
Limestone

Limestone

§
 - U

unit
dimensions area

Lb fs aw kc kf

Limestone
Limestone

Limestone

§
 - U

masonry
dimensions area

Lb fs aw kc kf

Urea
† -
-

Urea
†
-

Urea
‡ -
-

Urea
†
-

Urea
†
-

†
 - U

masonry
dimensions area
Lb fs
mm mm aw kc kf

Urea
† -
-

Urea
†
-

Urea
† -
-

Urea
†
-

Urea
†
-

†
Advancing the knowledge of masonry