6. Derive the time and frequency of the S.H.

M
Solution:
Let t0 be the time taken from O to A, then a
0
We take an S.H.M A O t0 A
x  a cos nt          (1)
Put 0 when
From (1)
0  a cos nt 0  cos nt 0  0
 nt 0  cos1 (0)

 nt 0  cos1 (cos )
2

 nt 0 
2

 t0 
2n
 2
Therefore T  4t 0  4 
2n n
1 n
By definition of frequency f  
T 2

7. A particle moves along a circle with a uniform speed. To show that the motion of its
projection on a fixed diameter is S.H.M
Solution:
Let 0, a are Centre, Radius of the Circle
Let A be initial point of the particle Q
Let Q be position of the particle at time t a
Let OP be range of Q on AA 
Let , AOQ   A p A
0
x
OPQ  cos   x  a cos x
a
We see that
x  a cos         (1)
d.w.r.to.t
x  a sin ( )
x  a sin () [   ]

again d.w.r.to.t
x  a cos (2 )
x  2 x by (1)

Therefore it is S.H.M
8. To show that the resultant of two S.H.Ms of same period along the same straight line is
also S.H.M with the same period.
Solution:
Let the displacements in the two given motions be
x1  a1 cos(nt  1 ) & x 2  a 2 cos(nt   2 )
Then the resultant displacement x is given by
x  x 1  x 2  a 1 cos(nt  1 )  a 2 cos(nt   2 )
 a 1[cos nt cos1  sin nt sin 1 ]  a 2 [cos nt cos 2  sin nt sin  2 ]
 [a 1 cos1  a 2 cos 2 ] cos nt  [a 1 sin 1  a 2 sin  2 ] sin nt
 a cos cos nt  a sin  sin nt  a cos(nt  )
x  a cos(nt  )
where a cos  a 1 cos1  a 2 cos 2        (1)
a sin   a 1 sin 1  a 2 sin  2        (2)
(1) 2  (2) 2
a  (a 1 cos1  a 2 cos 2 ) 2  (a 1 sin 1  a 2 sin  2 ) 2
 (a 1 ) 2  (a 2 ) 2  2a 1a 2 cos(1   2 )
(2)
(1)
 a sin 1  a 2 sin  2 
  tan 1  1 
 1
a cos  1  a 2 cos  2 
9. To show that the resultant motion of two S.H.Ms of same period along two
perpendicular lines, is along an ellipse
Solution:
Choose the lines of motion as the x, y axes.
Let first particle moves in x direction, then its displacement at time t
x  a cos nt    (1)
from (1)
x x2
 cos nt & sin nt  1  2
a a
Let second particle moves in y direction, then its displacement at time t
y  b cos(nt  )      (2)
from (2)
y  b(cos nt cos   sin nt sin )
y
  cos nt cos   sin nt sin 
b
y x x2
  cos   1  2 sin 
b a a
y x x2
  cos   1  2 sin 
b a a
y x x2
 (  cos ) 2  (1  2 ) sin 2 
b a a
2 2
y x xy x2
 2  2 cos2   2 cos   (1  2 ) sin 2 
b a ab a
2 2 2
y x x xy
 2  2 cos2   2 sin 2   sin 2   2 cos 
b a a ab
2 2
y x xy
 2  2 (sin 2   cos2 )  sin 2   2 cos 
b a ab
2 2
x y xy
 2  2  2 cos   sin 2 
a b ab
sin ce h  ab  0
2

 its an elliptic equation

Notes:
We consider S.H.M along a horizontal line, the forces being tensions of light elastic strings or
light spiral springs.
Here, by Hooke’s law
Extension length
Tension  
Original length S