MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Thermodynamics
Multiple Select Questions : Workbook Sheet

Chapter 1. Chapter 2.
Basic Concepts and Zeroth Energy Interactions (Heat & Work)

SY
Law of Thermodynamics Q.1 A 400-L tank A contains Argon gas at 250 kPa
Q.1 Which of the following is/are intensive and 30°C. Cylinder B, having a frictionless piston
properties? of such mass that a pressure of 150 kPa will
(a) Temperature float it, is initially empty. The valve is opened
(b) Pressure GATE 2021 Workbook argon flows into B and the piston rises slowly
(c) Viscosity and eventually reaches a uniform state of 150

Q.2
(d) Entropy
EA
In new temperature scale say °Q, the boiling
and freezing points of water at one atmosphere
are 50°Q and 450°Q respectively. Correlate this
scale with the centigrade scale. Which of the
kPa and 30°C throughout. (See figure)
Which of the following statements is/are true?

Argon
A
P0
g

following readings is/are true?

B
(a) 50°C is equivalent to 250°Q
(b) 100°C is equivalent to 50°Q
E
(c) Every 1°C change in centigrade scale (a) Work done by the argon is 100 kJ
equivalent to 5°Q change in new scale. (b) Final volume of tank B is 0.27 m3
(d) 0°Q on centrigrade scale is 112.5°C
•

(c) Final volume of tank B is 0.67 m3

AD

Q.3 Which of the following statements is/are true (d) Work done by argon is 40 kJ
GATE 2021 Workbook

regarding Zeroth law of thermodynamics? Q.2 Which of the following options is/are correctly
(a) It states that if two bodies are in thermal correlates physical situation and possible P-V
equilibrium with a third body, they are also diagram?
in thermal equilibrium with each other. P
(b) It serves as a basis for the validity of
temperature measurement.
M

(c) This law can be concluded from first law of P1

(a)
thermodynamics.
V
(d) Zeroth law can be stated in other way as Vstop
two bodies are in thermal equilibrium if both P
have the same temperature reading even if
they are not in contact.
P1
(b)
V
Vstop

© Copyright MADE EASY www.madeeasyprime.com

2 Mechanical Engineering • Thermodynamics
P
1 (b)
P1
(c)
V Q.2
Vstop
P
(d)
V
Q.3 A nitrogen gas goes through a polytropic
process with n = 1.3 in a Piston/cylinder. It starts
out at 600 K, 600 kPa and ends at 800 K. Which
of the following statements is/are true?
(a) Work done by the gas is 197.95 kJ/kg
(b) Work done on the gas is 197.95 kJ/kg
(c) Volume of gas decreases .
(d) Heat lost from the gas is 49.5 kJ/kg
EA
Q.4 An evacuated rigid tank whose volume is 0.5 m3
is slowly filled from atmospheric air until
pressure inside the bottle also become equal
E
to atmospheric pressure. Due to heat transfer,
the temperature of air inside the bottle after filling
is equal to atmospheric air temperature. Take
AD
atmospheric pressure as 1.0125 bars. Which of
the following statements is/are correct?
(a) Heat is gained by the system from
atmosphere.
(b) Magnitude of heat transfer is 50.62 kJ
(c) Heat transfer will be zero.
(d) Heat is lost by the system to the
M
atmosphere.
Chapter 3.
First Law of Thermodynamics
Q.1 A spring loaded Piston-cylinder contains 1.5 kg
of air at 27°C and 160 kPa. It is now heated to 900
K in a process where the pressure is linear in
volume to a final volume of twice the initial volume.
Which of the following options is (are) true?
www.madeeasyprime.com
(a) Work transfer is 161.4 kJ
Heat transfer is 852.2 kJ
GATE 2021 Workbook
(c) Work transfer is 322.8 kJ
(d) Heat transfer is 807.6 kJ
A tank with an internal volume of 1 m3 contains
air at 800 kPa and 25°C. A valve on the tank is
opened allowing air to escape and the pressure
inside quickly drops to 150 kPa, at which point
the valve is closed. Assume there is negligible
SY
heat transfer from the tank to the air left in the
tank. If using the approximation that exit
temperature is 244.5 K then which of the
following options is/are correct?
(a) Initially mass in the tank is 9.354 kg
(b) Final temperature of air in the tank is 201 K
•
GATE 2021 Workbook
Q.3
after the valve is closed
(c) Mass withdrawn from the tank during the
process is 6.6 kg
(d) Final temperature of air in the tank is 191 K
after the valve is closed
Steam enters a nozzle with a low velocity at
150°C and 200 kPa, and leaves as a saturated
vapour at 75 kPa. There is a heat transfer from
the nozzle to the surroundings in the amount of
26 kJ/kg of steam flowing through the nozzle. If
the exit area of nozzle is 0.001 m2 then which of
the following statements is (are) true?
At 200 kPa, 150°C → h = 2769.1 kJ/kg
At 75 kPa, hf = 384.44 kJ/kg, hg = 2662.4 kJ/
•
kg, vg = 2.2172 m3/kg
GATE 2021 Workbook
(a) Exit velocity of the steam is 401.7 m/s
(b) There is no work interaction in nozzle
(c) Mass flow rate of steam is 0.407 kg/s
(d) If there is an insulated nozzle then exit
velocity is 461.95 m/s
Chapter 4.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Q.1 A carnot heat pump is to be used for heating a
house in winter. The house is to maintained at
26°C at all times. The heat losses from the house
are estimated to be 15 kW. Which of the following
statements is/are true?
© Copyright MADE EASY
 GATE Exclusive Workbook 2021 3

(a) If outdoor air is at –4°C then COP of heat (c) Temperature of air remains constant
pump is 9.96. (d) Irreversibility associated in this process is

GATE 2021 Workbook

(b) If outdoor air is at 10°C then COP of heat 166.9 kJ/kg.
pump is 15.6.
Q.2 In a process, 20 kg of water at 100°C is mixed
(c) If outdoor air is at –4°C then power input to
with 30 kg of water at 40°C at constant pressure.
heat pump is 1.5 kW.
The atmospheric temperature is 25°C and
(d) If outdoor air is at 10°C then power input
specific heat of water is 4.2 kJ/kgK. Which of
required is 0.8 kW.
the following observations is/are true? [Assume
Q.2 A carnot engine rejects 55% of heat absorbed no heat loss to surrounding]

SY
from a source to sink at 37°C. Based on the (a) Final equilibrium temperature is 64°C
given data which of the following results is/are (b) Entropy change for 20 kg water is –7.52 kJ/K
true? (c) Irreversibility is 235 kJ
(a) The source temperature is 390.63°C (d) Entropy change for 30 kg water is
(b) The efficiency of heat engine will be 45%. 9.308 kJ/K.
(c) The COP of refrigerator working between
•
Q.3 Two rigid, insulated tanks are connected with a
same temperature limits is 2.22.

Q.3
EA
(d) If 1000 W of work input is required by the
Carnot heat pump working in same
temperature limits then heating effect is
2222 W.

Keeping the limitations imposed by the second

GATE 2021 Workbook

pipe and valve. One tank has 0.5 kg air at 200

kPa, 300 K and the other has 0.75 kg air at 100
kPa, 400 K. The valve is opened and the air
comes to a single uniform state without any heat
transfer. Which of the following statements is/
are true?
law of thermodynamics in mind, which of the (a) The final temperature is 87°C.
following statements is/are true? (b) The final pressure is 120 kPa.
E
(a) A heat engine cannot have a thermal (c) The change in entropy of air is 0.0458 kJ/K.
efficiency of 100%. (d) The final temperature is 360°C.
(b) The second law efficiency of a heat engine
Q.4 Two identical finite bodies of constant heat
cannot be greater than its thermal efficiency.
AD

capacity at temperatures 127°C and 627° are

(c) For all reversible processes, the second law
available to do work in a heat engine. Which of
efficiency is 100%.
•

the following statement(s) is/are correct? [Take

(d) The second law efficiency of a process is
CP = 2 kJ/kg.K]
GATE 2021 Workbook

100% if no entropy is generated during that

(a) The final temperature reached by bodies on
process.
delivery of maximum work is 283°C.
Chapter 5. (b) The maximum work obtainable is 200 kJ/
M

Entropy, Availability and Irreversibility
Q.1 Air is expanded through a very small constriction
in a pipe from pressure and temperature of 10
bar and 500 K to pressure of 1 bar. Assume air
to be an ideal gas and surrounding temperature
is 25°C. Which of following options is/are
correct?
(a) Heat transfer in process is zero
(b) There is no work transfer
kg.
(c) The final temperature reached by bodies on
delivery of maximum work is 327°C.
(d) The maximum work obtainable is 20 kJ/kg.
Q.5 Air enters a gas turbine at 627°C and 1.2 MPa
at a rate of 2.5 kg/s and leave at 527°C and 500
kPa. Heat is lost from turbine at a rate of 20 kW.
Assume surrounding temperature to be 25°C and
(CP)air to be 1.11 kJ/kgK. Which of the following
options is/are true? [R = 0.287 kJ/kgK]

© Copyright MADE EASY www.madeeasyprime.com

4 Mechanical Engineering • Thermodynamics

(a) Actual work output in turbine is 367.3 kW. Q.2 Which of the following statements is/are true?
(b) Exergy destroyed in turbine is 109.8 kW. (a) At triple point all the three phases solid,

GATE 2021 Workbook

(c) Entropy change in turbine 0.1205 kJ/kgK. liquid and vapour co-exist in equilibrium.
(d) Second-law efficiency is 70%. (b) Quality has significance for saturated
mixtures only.
Chapter 6. (c) Critical point is not shown on P-T diagram
Properties of Pure Substance of a pure substance.
(d) Substances at high pressures can exist in
Q.1 An adiabatic piston cylinder device equipped the liquid phase at temperatures below
with a spring maintains the pressure inside at triple-point temperature.

SY
300 kPa when the volume is just zero, and 3000
Q.3 Which of the following statements is/are true?
kPa when the volume is 5 m3. The device is
(a) At very low pressures (PR <<1), gases
connected to a steam line maintained at 1500
behave as an ideal gas regardless of
kPa and 200°C through the valve at the bottom temperature.
of cylinder when initial volume is zero. Steam in (b) The deviation of a gas from ideal-gas
line is allowed to enter the cylinder until pressure
•
behaviour is least in the vicinity of critical

EA
inside matches that in the line. If the final
specific volume of steam in the tank when flow
stops is 0.1458 m3/kg then which of the following
statements is(are) true?
At 1500 kPa and 200°C, h = 2796.0 kJ/kg
GATE 2021 Workbook
point.
(c) The farther away compressibility factor (z)
is from unity, the more the gas deviates from
ideal-gas behaviour.
(d) At high temperatures (TR > 2), the ideal-
gas behaviour can be assumed with good
accuracy regardless of pressure (except
when PR >>1).
E
where PR and TR are reduced pressure and
reduced temperature respectively.

Chapter 7.
AD

Thermodynamic Relations
and Clapeyron Equation
•
GATE 2021 Workbook

Q.1 Which of the following statements is correct

about Joule-thomson coefficient (μJ)?
(a) It is a measure of change in temperature
Supply line
with pressure during a constant-enthalpy
M

process.
(b) If μJ < 0, then temperature decreases
(a) Final volume of vapour is 2.22 m3. during a throttling process.
(b) Work needed to compress the spring is (c) If μJ = 0, then temperature remains constant
1665 kJ. during throttling process.
(c) Final internal energy of vapour in the tank is (d) The temperature at the intersection of the
2664.8 kJ/kg. P = 0 line (ordinate) and the upper part of
(d) Mass of vapour entered in the tank is the inversion line is called maximum
34.3 kg. inversion temperation.

www.madeeasyprime.com © Copyright MADE EASY

 GATE Exclusive Workbook 2021 5

Q.2 Which of the following thermodynamics relations Q.3 Consider the following data for R-134a:
is/are correct? 3 3

GATE 2021 Workbook

T Saturation pressure (kPa) v g (m /kg) vf (m /kg) R (kJ/kgK)
⎛ ∂v ⎞ ⎛ ∂s ⎞
(a) ⎜⎝ ∂T ⎟⎠ = − ⎜⎝ ∂P ⎟⎠ 16°C 504.58 — —
P T
20°C — 0.035969 0.0008161 0.08149
TV β2 —
(b) Cp − Cv = 24°C 646.18 —
α
1 ⎡ ⎛ ∂V ⎞ ⎤ Based on above data,
(c) μJ = ⎢V − T ⎜ ⎟ ⎥
CP ⎣ ⎝ ∂T ⎠P ⎦ Which of the following options is/are true?

SY
(a) Enthalpy of vaporisation at 20°C is
⎛ dP ⎞ hfg 182.30 kJ/kg.
(d) ⎜ dT ⎟ = TV
⎝ ⎠sat fg (b) Saturation pressure at 20°C with 16°C as
reference in clapeyron-clausius equation is
560.8 kPa.
• (c) Saturation pressure at 20°C with 24°C as
reference in clapeyron-clausius equation is

EA GATE 2021 Workbook

583 kPa.
(d) Enthalpy of vaporisation at 20°C is
192.30 kJ/kg.

„„„„
E
AD
•
GATE 2021 Workbook
M

© Copyright MADE EASY www.madeeasyprime.com