A Last Minute Look

At what YOU’VE already learned this year!

EXPLORATION (happened first
but just remember why we
came…)

• Europeans came to find gold and short cut

to Asia
• Spain took lead, then France, then
England
• England established the 13 colonies that
eventually became the United States!
COLONIZATION (The First era
WE Studied)
Began in 1607 with
successful English
settlement at Jamestown
and lasted until American
Independence (the 2nd era)
was declared in 1776!
 PLYMOUTH,
Massachusetts
Settled by the PILGRIMS
looking for RELIGIOUS
FREEDOM.
But built a “pure”
They signed the society based on the
MAYFLOWER COMPACT Bible
IN 1620, a document of self-
government.
13 different
colonies
developed into
three regions
known as New
England, The
South, and The
Middle.
New England

• Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode

Island, and Connecticut
• Economics based on fishing, shipbuilding,
and whaling because of rocky soil
• Very religious especially in Mass. –
nonconformists kicked out and formed
other areas – even killed a few witches!
• Boston, Mass developed into major port
• First public schools
The Middle Colonies

• Delaware, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania,

and Maryland (to a degree)
• Very diverse and thus more tolerant of others –
freer society because of William Penn and the
Quakers
• New York City developed into major port
• Economics were based on survival of family –
subsistence farming, good soil, warm climate
• Private Schools
And back to The South

• Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia, and

Maryland (economically)
• Developed cash crops which demanded
large work force causing need for slavery
• Economics based on plantation system
• Hot climate, great soil
• Tax-supported churches, no public schools
The French and

Indian War=
TAXATION on
the COLONIES
 The Road to
Revolution
Proclamation of
1763
Sugar Act
Currency Act
Stamp Act
Quartering Act
The Boston Massacre
 Tea Party

Sam Adams and the Sons of Liberty

1774 – INTOLERABLE ACTS
1774 - First Continental Congress

1775 - Lexington and Concord

– the shot heard around the
world (for freedom)
The British are
coming!
Debates and signs the Declaration
of Independence written mainly by
Thomas Jefferson.

1776
Winter at Valley Forge – Starvation

SARATOGA – Turning Point

YORKTOWN
Lafayette – Final Battle
Baron Von Steuben

YORKTOWN

The United States Wins!!!!

 A New Government Was Formed Under
The Articles of Confederation!
Georgia
New Massa-
York chusetts
North
Carolina
The
New New
United
South
Carolina
Jersey

Penn-
Hampshire

Rhode
=
sylvania Island States
Virginia

Connecti-
Delaware
cutt
Maryland
State Power Equaled Federal Power
 Some Good Things about
The Articles of Confederation

• Passed Northwest Ordinance allowing

new territories to become equal states
and banned slavery in territories
• Ran an underground government
during Revolutionary War
• Passed Treaty of Paris of 1783
 A Federal System of
Government was Formed
U.S.
Government

Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch

Congress President The Supreme Court
House / Senate Executive Departments U.S. District Courts
Makes the Law Enforces the Law Interprets the Law

The States The People

But Not Without Some Debate

• What about people’s

rights?
• Isn’t a strong
government evil?
• Have we forgotten
what we fought for?
 The Constitution set up the
Government and told it what to do
and how to do it! So they went
further and passed

No No No Soldiers
No Failure to
No State Restrictions Restrictions
in Give Citizens
Church on Religious on
Due Process
Exercise Speech Your House
The Louisiana
Purchase 1803
Lewis
and
Clark
Mapped the new
territory with
the help of
Sacajawea &
York!
The War
of 1812
We Won – And finally had the
Respect of the World
• Americans were patriotic
• The Star Spangled Banner was published.
• Textile Mills and Factories Boomed up North
• Cotton gin caused increase of slavery down
south
• Here comes the Era of Good Feeling with
President Monroe
Election of 1824 Party Electoral Popular
Candidate Vote Vote

Presidential
John Quincy Adams Democratic- 84 115,696
(MA) Republican

Henry Clay (KY) “ 37 47,136

Andrew Jackson (TN) “ 99 152,933

William H. Crawford “ 41 46,979

(GA)
Adams Won the House’s vote
but Jackson won the hearts of
America four years later and
Democracy Grew All Men could vote
now– Not just the rich
– any “citizen male”

Those voters got And the Indians lost

American land as a theirs especially the
reward Southeastern tribes
The Trail of Tears
The Victory cost Mexico
dearly!
Would Slavery follow
Americans out West?

1. Compromise of 1850
2. Fugitive Slave Laws
3. Dred Scott Decision
4. Missouri Compromise
5. Kansas-Nebraska Act
 Abolitionists Hated Slavery!

People like Frederick Douglass, Horace Greeley, and Harriet

Beecher Stowe used their influence to argue against slavery!
 Secessionists knew slavery
was the key to their economic
success!
Why Even Those Women Got
Involved
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton and the Seneca
Falls Convention for Women
• Dorothea Dix for the imprisoned and
handicapped
• The Grimke Sisters for the Slaves
• Sojourner Truth – “Ain’t I a Woman?”
And then Came More Conflict!
• John Brown and
Harper’s Ferry
• Harriet Tubman’s
Underground
Railroad
• Harriett Beecher
Stowe’s Uncle
Tom’s Cabin
• Dred Scott Case
Lincoln is Elected (the 1st
Republican); The South
Secedes! What will happen to
these non United States?
Has its Has the
military railroads,
leaders, manpower,
its factories,
culture, and
and its money.
cause!
Ft. Sumter
is first!
Lee Surrenders at Appomattox
But Five Days Later
But Slavery Would End –
The Civil War Amendments
• 13th Amendment – Frees Slaves

• 14th Amendment – Rights of

Citizenship to African Americans

• 15th Amendment – Right to vote to

African American males