Ans 1:

1. Assessee
An assessee is a taxpayer means a person who under the income tax act is subject to pay
taxes or any other sum of money, as defined under section 2 (7) of the Act. The expression
‘any other sum of money’ includes other such obligations payable, for instance fine,
interest, penalty and other tax etc.
2. Assessment Year
“Assessment Year” means the year in which income of the previous year of an assessee is
taxed. The timed lap of assessment year is of twelve months beginning from the 1st April
every year. The period starts from 1st April of one year and ending on 31st March of next
year. Broadly, assessment year is defined under section 2 (9) of the Act.
3. Previous Year
Income earned during the year is taxable in the next year. The definition of “Previous Year”
is given under section 3 of the Act. Previous Year is the year in which income is earned.
Previous year is the financial year immediately preceding the relevant assessment year. 
4. PERSON
The term “person” includes:
a. an individual;
b. a Hindu undivided family (HUF);
c. a company;
d. a firm;
e. an Association of Persons (AoP) or a Body of Individuals, (BoI) whether incorporated or
not;
f. a local authority; and every artificial juridical person not falling within any of the
preceding categories.
 5. INCOME
Although, income tax is a tax on income, the Act does not provide any exhaustive definition
of the term “Income”. Instead, the term ‘income’ has been defined in its widest sense by
giving an inclusive definition.
“Income includes the following:
i. profits and gains ;
ii. dividend;
iii. voluntary contributions received by certain institutions
iv. Receipts by employees the value of any benefit or perquisite, whether
convertible into money or not.
vi. Incomes from business
vii. any capital gains chargeable
viii. any sum earlier allowed as deduction and chargeable to income-tax.

Ans 2:
Citizenship
 A person born in India on or after 1 July 1987 but before 3 December 2004 is a citizen of
India if one of the parents was a citizen of India at the time of the birth.

Resident In INDIA
An individual is said to be resident in India in any previous year, if He has been in India
during the previous year for a total period of 182 days or more OR He has been in India
during the 4 years immediately preceding the previous year for a total period of 365 days or
more and has been in India for at least 60 days in the relevant previous year subject to the
exceptions given above.