ASIAN PAINTS LIMITED

6-A, Shantinagar, Santacruz (E),

Mumbai 400 055

THE
ULTIMATE
WATERPROOFING
GUIDE
 Is water ruining
the beauty
of your home?

Get easy solutions to all your

dampness-related problems as you

read on. Know everything from the

causes, to the signs and more;

as you again make your home

a beautiful, healthy place to live in.

Index

Identify your problem and get the Water Tanks /

solution as per the page referred. Sumps Page 12

Bathroom / Toilet
Adjacent Walls Page 18
Ceilings Page 26

Terraces Page 06

Sun Shades /
Chajjas Page 08

Exterior Facing Walls Page 22

Skirting Areas Page 16

Exterior Walls Page 10

For information on products refer to page no. 30

 Exterior
Dampness
Seepage and accumulation of

water in various areas like terraces

and sun shades / chajjas can lead

to dampness and related problems

like algae, weakening of walls and

formation of ugly patches, which

consequently spoil your interior

home décor. Read on to know the

exact reasons behind these

problems and their solutions.

04 05
Terraces

Solution:

1 Ensure that the drain water pipes are not

clogged and there are enough outlets for
the water to drain off.

2 Repair any hollow or damaged portions using cement sand mortar.

Often due to incorrectly sloped terraces,

improperly fitted drain pipes, gaps between slabs on
parapet walls or blocked outlets, there is accumulation 3 Repair all the visible cracks using

leading to a rise in water pressure. This can result in SmartCare Crack Seal. CRACK
SEAL
appearance of ugly damp patches, peeling of paint,
stains on the ceiling below and algal growth.

4 Envelop the terrace, including the parapets,

1 2 3 using SmartCare Damp Proof
for complete waterproofing.
DAMP
PROOF

For application process refer to page no. 34 (Crack Seal) and 42 (Damp Proof)
06 07
Sun Shades / Chajjas

Improper slopes, or cracks at the joints between

Solution:
walls and sun shades / chajjas, can cause ugly

damp patches in and around these places.

1 Clean the surface and fill up the cracks between the joints of the wall and
This eventually results in flaking, peeling or bubble
sun shades / chajjas with SmartCare Crack Seal.
formations on the internal walls close by, ruining

their beauty.

CRACK
SEAL

2 Waterproof the exposed surfaces of the sun shades / chajjas with

SmartCare Damp Proof.

DAMP
PROOF

For application process refer to page no. 34 (Crack Seal) and 42 (Damp Proof)
08 09
 Exterior Walls

Often, due to structural ageing or poor masonry, joint and

Solution:
surface cracks develop on exterior walls. Constant exposure

to elements like heat and rain weakens the walls and results
1 Treat all the plaster cracks of up to 3 mm width with SmartCare Crack Seal.
in the wear and tear of the exterior paint film. The entering of
For structural cracks, you may either use a suitable sealant or do civil
water further leads to a host of interior painted wall problems. repair work.

CRACK
SEAL

2 Waterproof the exterior walls with SmartCare Damp Proof. Follow this up
with two coats of any high quality exterior emulsion of the desired shade.

DAMP EXTERIOR EXTERIOR

PROOF EMULSION EMULSION

For application process refer to page no. 34 (Crack Seal) and 42 (Damp Proof)
10 11
 Water Tanks/ Sumps

A commonly observed problem is seepage or leakage from overhead and

Solution:
underground tanks. Due to continuous presence of water, there is a tendency of

water seeping through, thus spoiling the décor and weakening the structure.
1 Drain off the water and empty
Any waterproofing treatment used for such tanks needs to be safe for potable
the entire tank, in case of
water consumption so as not to pose any health hazard for consumers. renovation / repainting.
SmartCare Damp Block is certified to be safe and compatible with potable water.

2 On bare concrete or plaster, apply

SmartCare Damp Block as per the
recommended application procedure. DAMP
BLOCK

3 Once the SmartCare Damp Block coat is dry,

topcoat it again with another layer of
plaster, thus ensuring that the
SmartCare Damp Block treatment
is sandwiched between 2 layers of plaster.

For application process refer to page no. 38 (Damp Block)

12 13
 Interior
Dampness
Often due to structural problems,

age of the structure or incorrect planning,

leakage and seepage of water can ruin

the beauty of your walls.

Treat them effectively as you

read on about causes, symptoms

and solutions.

14 15
 Skirting Areas

Tide marks often develop at a height of around

Solution:
1 meter on walls. Problems like damp patches,

peeling, flaking or efflorescence are also common due

1 Treat the affected area with SmartCare Damp Block for effective and
to the rise of ground water, especially in areas with
lasting waterproofing.
high water table levels.

DAMP
BLOCK

For application process refer to page no. 38 (Damp Block)

16 17
 Bathroom / Toilet Adjacent Walls

Continuous presence of water leads to dampness-related problems.

Solution:
Water penetrates through gaps between tiles and the wall-floor joints or

due to faulty plumbing. This is exhibited in the form of damp patches,

1 Use a suitable treatment like tile grout
ugly stains, peeling, flaking and efflorescence on walls around
or white cement to fill the gaps
the bathroom. between tiles.

2 Employ the services of a plumber and ensure

that there are no leakage issues
in any of the concealed pipes.

3 Treat the affected area with

SmartCare Damp Block for effective DAMP
BLOCK
and long lasting waterproofing.

For application process refer to page no. 38 (Damp Block)

18 19
 Areas Near Kitchen Sink

Constant exposure to water damages the walls

Solution:
around the sink in more ways than one. Leaking

pipes and faulty plumbing can lead to appearance

1 Ascertain whether the leak is a supply leak or a drain leak and accordingly
of ugly stains and patches on the walls below the
get it fixed by a plumber.
sink as well as on the opposite side.

OR

2 Treat the affected area with SmartCare Damp Block for effective and long
lasting waterproofing.

DAMP
BLOCK

For application process refer to page no. 38 (Damp Block)

20 21
 Exterior Facing Walls

Exterior facing walls often have water entering

through surface and joint cracks, gaps

between the window frame and the wall. This

results in interior dampness problems such as

damp stains, paint bubbling, paint flaking and

efflorescence on exterior facing walls.

22 23
 Solution:

1 Treat all plaster cracks on interior and exterior walls 4 Ensure that plant pots are not very close
with SmartCare Crack Seal. to the walls and there is suitable
provision for the water to drain off.

CRACK
SEAL

2 Waterproof the wall from outside with SmartCare Damp Proof. 5 Treat the affected area on the interior walls with SmartCare Damp Block
for effective and lasting waterproofing.

DAMP
PROOF
DAMP
BLOCK

3 In case of window frames, check for gaps between the frame and the wall

and seal the gap using a suitable sealant.

For application process refer to page no. 34 (Crack Seal),

38 (Damp Block) and 42 (Damp Proof)

24 25
Ceilings

Seepage from above, through bathrooms, toilets, kitchen sinks,

faulty plumbing and water pressure can cause dampness-related

problems like stains, bubbling, paint flaking and more. Houses with

terraces above are vulnerable to seepage through improper

sloping, cracks at joints, surface cracks or damaged areas that

allow water penetration.

26 27
 Solution:

The recommended treatment for ceiling dampness is to address the actual source
of water leakage.
Damp Proof
Envelop Coating

1 In case of a terrace above, envelop the entire terrace from parapet to

parapet using SmartCare Damp Proof.

DAMP
PROOF

2 If there is a toilet / bathroom on the floor above, remove the tiles and do
waterproofing treatment by applying 2 coats of SmartCare Damp Block
and re-lay the tiles.

DAMP
BLOCK

For application process refer to page no. 38 (Damp Block) and 42 (Damp Proof)
28 29
 Products
Introducing SmartCare,

a revolutionary range of products,

designed to tackle the various

dampness-related problems in your home.

These products have been specifically

engineered using specialised chemicals

and the latest technology to tackle

problems and can be used in

conjunction with your painting to

solve them with ease.

30 31
 Crack Seal

Asian Paints SmartCare Crack Seal

Areas of Application
is a single pack fibre-glass reinforced

crack filling compound for both interior

1 Cracks on all interior and exterior
and exterior surfaces. It comes as a
masonry surfaces of up to 3 mm width.
ready-to-apply white coloured paste.

2 Cracks and gaps caused by drying

and shrinkage.
Product Features & Benefits

3 Cracks near windows

and door frames.

Crack Bridging: Flexibility: Mechanical Strength:

Strong filling capacity High elongation film Strong fibre-glass
for plaster cracks of that accommodates reinforced film does not
up to 3 mm width. minor movements. let cracks reappear.

CRACK
SEAL

Waterproofing: Usage: Low Shrinkage:

Water-resistant film Single ready-to-use Does not leave a mark
stops water entry pack and after painting.
through cracks. easy-to-apply product.

32 33
 Application Procedure
6 Apply the second coat of SmartCare Crack Seal in the same manner.

1 Cleaning
7 Further finishing like POP or putty can be taken up once the coat is fully dry.
Open the cracks and widen them
to form a ‘V’ shaped groove.
Clean the area thoroughly so that
it is free from loose dust particles.

2 Priming
Post cleaning, treat the opened crack
using a primer.

3 Apply the first coat of SmartCare

Crack Seal on the crack using
a spatula or putty knife.
Press the paste firmly into the crack
and level with the surface.

4 Apply in consecutive perpendicular

layers to avoid leaving air pockets.

5 Allow it to set for 6-8 hours.

34 35
 Damp Block

Asian Paints SmartCare Damp Block

Areas of Application
is a flexible polymer modified cement

based anti-damp coating for interiors.

6 Interior walls affected by dampness
It is a single pack white coloured powder
that are adjacent to bathrooms,
that is easy-to-apply and offers lasting kitchens or are exterior facing.
protection from dampness.

2 Interior walls affected by

Product Features & Benefits ground rising dampness.

3 Sunken areas of bathrooms.

Waterproofing: Nanotechnology: Breathability:

Resists 4 bars of Nano sized particles Breathable nature allows
hydrostatic pressure enter smallest of pores water vapour to pass while
from the negative side. and crevices to block completely blocking water, 4 Water tanks / Sumps.
water from coming out. and thus prevents blistering.

CRYSTALS

DAMP
BLOCK
WATER

Crystalline Technology: Ease of Use: Adhesion:

Reacts with water and Single pack and High tensile and excellent
forms crystals to easy-to-apply. bond strength with
effectively block water. cementatious substrates.

36 37
 Application Procedure
5 A gap of 4 hours should be given
between coats.
1 Cleaning
Remove old paint, putty or existing POP
using a chisel and wire-brush. 6 Apply putty-primer and suitable topcoat. PUTTY PRIMER
Ensure you reach the cement plaster
for the product application.

7 For severely affected areas, apply an additional coat as mentioned above.

2 Priming
Apply a self-priming coat of
SmartCare Damp Block
WATER
1
(diluted with water in 1:1 ratio).
Material Calculator

3 Apply 2 coats of
SmartCare Damp Block *
WATER Affected Area - sq.ft.
(diluted with water in 3:1 ratio)
(Calculate by adding 2 feet beyond the affected area on all sides)
using a putty knife or a trowel.

2
Coverage - 7.5 sq.ft./ltr.
Achieve a forced coverage of
7.5 sq.ft./kg for the system*. Material required - (Affected Area ÷7.5) ltrs

4 The system should cover an area well over

and wide, of the affected area. This will prevent
water from affecting the adjacent areas.

For more information on forced coverage refer to page no. 55

38 39
 Damp Proof

Asian Paints SmartCare Damp Proof

is a fibre-reinforced elastomeric liquid

DAMP
PROOF
applied waterproof coating. Upon curing,

it forms a seamless, durable membrane

Heat Proof: Ease of Use: Mechanical Strength:
offering excellent waterproofing protection.
Brilliant white coat and Single pack, Fibres in the coating
high Dry Film Thickness easy-to-apply offer very strong mechanical
(DFT) of 650 microns and simple recoating properties and abrasion
results in high heat for maintenance. resistance to the film.
reflection that results
in cool interiors
during harsh summers.

Product Features & Benefits

Areas of Application

CO2
1 Exterior walls affected by dampness.

2 Terraces.
Waterproofing: Crack Bridging: Anti-Carbonation:
3 Sun shades / Chajjas.
Waterproofing protection High film elongation Protection against carbon
of up to 7 bars allows excellent dioxide and chloride ion
hydrostatic pressure crack bridging ability diffusion to maintain
from the positive side. for cracks up to 0.8 mm the strength of the structure.
on terraces and 2 mm
on vertical walls.

40 41
 Application Procedure

1 Cleaning
Vertical Areas:
Clean the surface and ensure that it is free of oil, grease and loose dust particles.
It is recommended to use intense wire-brushing or high-speed water jet.

1 Apply a self-priming coat of

2 Repairing SmartCare Damp Proof DAMP DAMP DAMP
WATER
PROOF PROOF PROOF
The substrate must be checked for its soundness using a small hammer. (diluted with water in 3:1 ratio).
All cracks of up to 3 mm should be treated with SmartCare Crack Seal.
All damaged portions need to be repaired.
2 Apply 1 coat without dilution.
DAMP
PROOF 1
Horizontal Areas:
3 Ensure a forced coverage of 25 sq.ft./ltr. for the system#.

1 Apply a self priming coat of

SmartCare Damp Proof
(diluted with water in 3:1 ratio).
DAMP
PROOF
DAMP
PROOF
DAMP
PROOF
WATER 4 Apply 2 coats of any high quality exterior
emulsion of the desired shade.
EXTERIOR
EMULSION 2
2 Apply two perpendicular coats of SmartCare Damp Proof
5 Allow to dry for 4-6 hours between coats.
without dilution.

DAMP
PROOF 2 Material Calculator

* #
Terrace Area- sq.ft. Wall Area - sq.ft.

Coverage - 10 sq.ft./ltr. Coverage - 25 sq.ft./ltr.

3 Achieve a forced coverage of 10 sq.ft. /ltr. for the system*.
Material - Material -
required required
(Affected Area÷10) ltrs (Affected Area÷25) ltrs
4 Allow to dry for 4-6 hours between coats.

For more information on forced coverage refer to page no. 55

42 43
 Topcoats
After you’re done resolving

all the dampness-related problems,

give your home the beauty and style that comes

with the Asian Paints premium range of topcoats.

Designed to make your homes the topic of conversations,

these topcoats not only offer additional protection

to your home, but ensure it stays

beautiful forever.

Interior Exterior

44 45
 Royale Shyne Apex Ultima
High-End Interior Emulsion High-End Exterior Emulsion

Experiment with beauty as you colour Give your home a touch of advanced

your walls with unlimited possibilities. painting technology with the Colour StayTM

With features like Enhanced Anti-fungal Technology, Dust Pick-Up Resistance and

and Anti-bacterial Capabilities, Superior Increased Anti-algal Formula in the new

Stain Resistance, Better Opacity and Apex Ultima.

Increased Smoothness of Finish, make

your walls, your canvas.

Product Features & Benefits Product Features & Benefits

Superior Stain Enhanced Anti-fungal Unmatched

Resistance: and Anti-bacterial Shield:
Prevents stains from Conforms to the Japanese
penetrating the film industrial standard, killing
to make it easy to 99.8% of micro-organisms
clean and maintain. that come in contact with
walls and resists fungal
growth to maintain the
beauty of interior walls.
Colour StayTM Anti-algal Formula: Dust Pick-Up
Film Durability:
Ensures brighter, Fights formation Resistance:
Protects wall surfaces
cleaner shades of algae and keeps Prevents dust from
against regular pressures.
that stay longer walls free from ugly settling on walls,
For instance, furniture
without fading. black spots. keeping walls clean.
brushing against walls.

46 47
 Tips to Protect
Your Walls

48 49
 EASY CHECKS TO KEEP YOUR HOME
SIMPLE SOLUTIONS TO PREVENT PROBLEMS. BEAUTIFUL FOREVER

PIPES: Replace every ten years. PRE-MONSOON CHECK

Keep your eye out for any leakages in the plumbing. Refer to the ideas provided in
AIR CONDITIONER DUCTS: Solve leaks immediately. Usage of
the book and make your homes rain-ready.
longer pipes is recommended.

MONSOON CHECK
INTERNAL DAMPNESS: Look out for internal dampness. Repair cracks

and replace leaking pipes immediately. This is the time when you need to take curative steps. Trim trees that have
overhanging branches. Keep the areas where water pooling may happen clean
WEEDS: Ensure that drainage channels and wall and obstacle-free.

surfaces are always kept clean of plant growth.

POST-MONSOON CHECK
SLOPED TERRACES : Ensure sufficient slope to your terraces.
As the monsoon draws to an end, your home can breathe a sigh of relief. Check for
any spotting on exterior walls which indicate algal growth. A good wash is
CLOGGED DRAINS : Ensure that drain pipes are not clogged.
recommended for your walls, post monsoon.

QUALITY OF MATERIAL: During construction or renovation,

WASH & SCRUB
ensure good quality sand and cement is used.
It is advisable to wash and scrub your walls at least once or twice a year to ensure
GARDENING: Channel the flow of water away from balconies lasting beauty of your home. This ensures that any settled dust or fumes are

and use tiles near the ground surface washed away and your home stays clean and beautiful.

to prohibit permeation while watering plants.

50 51
 Waterproofing
Simplified

52 53
 We believe waterproofing your home shouldn't be rocket science. In this
section, read about the various technical terms that have been used, their
meaning and explanation.
1) What is hydrostatic pressure (HPR)?
Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure applied by a column of water on the building
structure. In waterproofing language, this pressure is classified as positive side and
negative side hydrostatic pressure. Pressure applied by water on the structure
while trying to penetrate it, is positive side hydrostatic pressure. Pressure applied
by water on the structure while trying to come out of the structure is negative side
hydrostatic pressure.
2) What is the difference between positive side waterproofing and negative
side waterproofing?
Positive side waterproofing: Applying waterproofing material to the side of a
structural element subjected to positive side hydrostatic pressure. More often than
not, it entails stopping the source of water and not allowing water to enter the
structure. Negative side waterproofing: Applying waterproofing to the side of a
structural element opposite the one subjected to negative side hydrostatic
pressure. Mostly, this is done in interior walls and is meant to block the water from
coming out and causing dampness-related problems on the walls.
54
3) What is carbonation and anti-carbonation coating?
Carbonation is the formation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) by a chemical reaction
in the concrete. When these reactions take place the pH-value will start falling. The
normal pH-value of concrete is above 13 and the pH-value of fully carbonated
concrete is below 9. Once the carbonation process reaches the reinforcement rods,
and the pH-value drops beneath 13, corrosion will initiate. The formation of lime in
the substrate also causes the structure to weaken over a period of time.
Anti-carbonation paint forms an impermeable coating and does not allow the
ingress of carbon dioxide and chloride ions into the substrate. Thus they protect
the structure from the effects of carbonation and ensure its longer life.
4) What is forced coverage?
Forced coverage is enforcing the usage of exact quantity of material for
a specified designated area. Normally forced coverage is achieved by marking the
area to be painted, calculating the area, ascertaining the material that’ll be needed
and finally ensuring that the entire quantity is used up only for that area. In the area
of waterproofing, the application procedure is as important as the product itself for
optimum performance. Achieving the recommended forced coverage is,
therefore, imperative.
55
 5) What is shrinkage in cracks?
When a crack is treated using a crack filling compound, normally an indentation is
observed in the treated area due to evaporation of water. Hence, cracks normally
require multiple coats for bringing them level with the surface. Lesser the solid
content in the crack-filler, greater will be the shrinkage.
6) What is breathability?
Breathability is the ability of the coating to allow the passage of water vapour.
A breathable coating resists liquid water from passing through but allows water
vapour to pass. A non-breathable film results in pressure getting accumulated on
the surface due to water vapour and may eventually lead to the paint giving way
and leading to blistering or bubbling.
7) What is the meaning of the unit ‘bar’?
Bar is the unit of pressure. One bar implies the pressure that will be applied on
a 1 sq.cm area by a water column of 10 meter height.
8) What is the difference between Damp Proofing and Waterproofing?
Waterproofing is defined as the treatment of a structure or surface to prevent the
passage of water under hydrostatic pressure. Damp Proofing is defined as the
treatment of a structure or surface to resist the passage of water in absence of
hydrostatic pressure. Damp Proofing is a temporary solution whereas
Waterproofing is a long term solution.
56
9) What is efflorescence?
Efflorescence occurs on masonry construction when water moving through a wall
or other structure, due to vapor transmission or hydraulic pressure brings salts to
the surface. As the water evaporates, it leaves the salt behind, which forms a
white, fluffy deposit, that can normally be brushed off. The resulting white
deposits are referred to as 'efflorescence'. Efflorescence is also referred to as
'salt petering' or 'lime blooming'. It is not a structural, but rather, an aesthetic
concern and is normally harmless.
10) While waterproofing, why is it recommended to cover an area beyond the
affected portion?
Water generally finds the path of least resistance through the substrate and
affects the topcoat of paint in the form of paint peeling or damp patches. So,
when only the affected area is blocked with an anti-damp coat, the water will try
and find the next available path to reach the surface and start affecting the
portion of the wall immediately next to the treated area. Hence, it is
recommended that when treating an affected area with Damp Block, one should
mark an area of 2 ft. beyond, on all sides for Damp Block application.
57
 11) Why is it recommended to envelop the entire terrace with Damp Proof
instead of just treating the affected portion?

Since it is the nature of water to find the path of least resistence, it makes its way through
the substrate and affects the topcoat in the form of peeling paint or damp patches. Hence,
more often than not, it is difficult to identify the entry point or source of water due to
which the walls on the interiors get affected. Hence, by enveloping the entire terrace with
Damp Proof, we ensure that all the entry points are blocked and water cannot penetrate
into the substrate.

12) What is the crystalline technology in the new and improved Damp Block?

The conventional concrete matrix has a number of micro cracks, pores and capillary tracts
through which water enters the concrete. The special ingredients in Damp Block react
with water and elements like calcium hydroxide and aluminium to form insoluble crystals.
These crystals fill the voids and cracks and block the passage of water thus making the
concrete waterproof. Normally, these crystals lie dormant but when water reappears, the
crystalline growth is resumed, thus filling up newly formed pores. Though these crystals
block water, they are breathable enough to allow water vapor to pass through, thus
preventing vapor pressure buildup.
With this advanced crystalline technology, Damp Block offers the best-in-class negative
side waterproofing for interior dampness problems.

58 59
 Notes

60 61