FT - 17 Energy

Q1.          (a)     The diagram shows two switches on a room heater. The heater has three power
settings. The power produced by two of the settings is given in the table.
 
Setting Power in kW

Low 0.5

Medium 1.5

High

(i)      When both switches are on, the heater works at the high power setting.

What is the power of the heater when it is switched to the high power setting?

...............................................................................................................

                                 Power = ......................................................... kW
(1)

(ii)     The heater is used on the medium power setting. It is switched on for three hours.

Use the equation in the box to work out the energy transferred from the mains to the
heater in three hours.
 
energy transferred
power time
(kilowatt-hour,    = ×
(kilowatt, kW) (hour, h)
kWh)

Show clearly how you work out your answer.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

                               Energy transferred = ..................................... kWh

(2)

(iii)    Electricity costs 12 pence per kilowatt-hour.

Use the equation in the box to calculate how much the heater costs to use on
medium power for three hours.
total cost    =    number of kilowatt-hours    ×    cost per kilowatt-hour

Show clearly how you work out your answer.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................
                                 Total cost = ................................................ pence
(2)

(b)     The heater is used to warm a room.

The graph shows how the temperature of the room changes from the moment the heater is
switched on.

The heater was first used on the medium setting.

(i)      At what time was the heater setting changed to

the high setting? ...................................................

Give a reason for your answer.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................
(2)

(ii)     From 7 pm until 10 pm, the temperature of the room is not changing.

Which one of the following statements gives the reason why the temperature of the
room is not changing?

Put a tick ( ) in the box next to your answer.

 

The room is losing energy slower than the heater supplies energy.

The room is losing energy as fast as the heater supplies energy.

The room is losing energy faster than the heater supplies energy.

(1) (Total 8 marks)

 
 HT - 17 Energy

Q2.During the day, the Sun transfers energy to an outdoor swimming pool.

                                                            © Volodymyr Burdiak/iStock

(a)     By which method of energy transfer does the pool receive energy from the Sun?

........................................................................................................................
(1)

(b)    (i)      The mass of water in the pool is 5000 kg. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200
J/kg°C.

Calculate how much energy needs to be supplied to increase the water temperature
by 5°C and state the correct unit.

Use the correct equation from the Physics Equations Sheet.

Give the unit.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

Energy = ............................................................
(3)
 (ii)     The Sun supplies energy to the water in the pool at a rate of 16 kJ every second.

Calculate how much time it would take for energy from the Sun to raise the water
temperature by 5 °C.

You will need to use your answer to (b)(i) and the correct equation from the Physics
Equations Sheet.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

Time = .................................................. seconds

(3)

(iii)    On one day, the temperature of the pool is 7 °C lower than the air temperature.

The time it takes for the pool temperature to rise by 5 °C is less than the answer to
part (b)(ii).

Suggest a reason why.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 8 marks)
 
M1.         (a)      (i)     2(.0)
accept 2000 W or 2000 watt(s)
accept answer given in table
do not accept 2000
1

(ii)     4.5
allow 1 mark for correct substitution
ie 1.5 × 3
allow 1 mark for the answers 1.5 or 6(.0)
2

(iii)    54
or
their (a)(ii) × 12 correctly calculated
allow 1 mark for correct substitution
ie 4.5 × 12
or
their (a)(ii) × 12
allow 1 mark if correct answer is given in pounds eg £54
2

(b)     (i)     6 pm
1

temperature starts to rise faster

only scores if 6 pm given

or
graph (line) is steeper / steepest
it refers to graph gradient or temperature
accept answers in terms of relative temperature rise
eg 5 to 6 pm 2 °C rise, 6 to 7 pm 6 °C rise
accept temperature rises sharply / rapidly / quickly
do not accept temperature starts to rise
1

(ii)     middle box ticked

1
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M2.(a)     radiation
ignore infra red, IR, or heat
1

(b)     (i)      105 000 000

 (E = mcθ)
accept answers in standard form eg. 1.05 × 10 8

E = 5000 × 4200 × 5 gains 1 mark

Unit mark is independent, but must match value given for full
marks
if no other marks gained 1 mark for any correct unit of energy
2

J / joules
not lower case j
allow Joules
allow units in words eg kilojules
allow 105 000 kJ or 105 MJ for 3 marks. These figures must have
units.
allow units written as words Eg. kilojoules
not KJ, kj, mJ, Mj
1

(ii)     6600(s) / 6560(s) / 6563(s) / 6562.5(s)

(E = Pt)
allow ecf from (b)(ii)
allow answers in minutes and hours provided correct and unit
changed on answer line
eg. 109 / 110 minutes or 1.8 hours
if correct answer given with incorrect unit, maximum mark of 2 eg
6600 minutes
105 000 000 = 16 000 × t gains 1 mark
t = 105 000 000 / 16 000 gains 2 marks
t = 105 000 000 / 16 gains 1 mark
or
6 562 500(s) gains 2 marks
3

(iii)    energy gained from surroundings / air

allow heat
ignore air is warmer or pool is colder
1
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