Fundamental Rights

Fundamental rights are the basic human rights enshrined in the Part III
(Article 12-35) of Constitution of India which are guaranteed to all citizens.
They are applied without discrimination on the basis of race, religion, gender,
etc. Significantly, fundamental rights are enforceable by the courts, subject to
certain conditions.

Article 21
Article 21 states that “No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty
except according to a procedure established by law.” Thus, article 21 secures
two rights:
• Right to life, and
• Right to personal liberty.

National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) established in 1993, is an
independent statutory body as per the provisions of the Protection of Human
Rights Act of 1993 which was amended in 2006.
Juvenile Justice Act 2015
The JJA, 2015 replaced the Juvenile Justice Act, 2000.
Given below are a few salient points about the Juvenile Justice Act:

Enactment December 31, 2015

Date:

Short Title: The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015.

Long Title: An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to children
alleged and found to be in conflict with law and children in need of
care and protection by catering to their basic needs through proper
care, protection, development, treatment, social re-integration, by
adopting a child-friendly approach in the adjudication and disposal
of matters in the best interest of children and for their rehabilitation
through processes provided, and institutions and bodies established,
herein under and for matters connected therewith or incidental
thereto.

Ministry: Ministry of Women and Child Development

Enforcement January 15, 2016

Date:

International Olympic Committee

Structure of IOC
• The IOC is a permanent organisation that elects its own members.
• Each member must speak French or English and be a citizen of or reside
in a country that has a National Olympic Committee.
• With very few exceptions, there is only one member from any one
country.
• . The Executive Board which meets four-five times a year to manage the
IOC’s affairs has a President elected for an eight-year term and four Vice-
Presidents who are each elected for a four-year term.
There are usually six members on the Executive Board. These members are
elected for a four-year term.
 Olympics

Summer Olympics Winter Olympics

Introduction The Summer Olympic Games or The Winter Olympic Games

the Games of the Olympiad is an is a major international
international multi-sport event, sporting event that occurs
occurring every four years. once every four years.

Organized by International Olympic Committee International Olympic

Committee

First held 1896 Athens, Greece 1924 Chamonix, France

Schedule Every four years, on the leap year Every four years, two years
from the leap year.

Most Recent 2020 Tokyo Japan 2018 Pyeongchang County,

South Korea
Indian Individual Medal winners in Olympics

Person Medal Event Year Venue

Norman Pitchard Silver 200 m dash 1900 Paris
Norman Pitchard Silver 200 m hurdles 1900 Paris
KD Jadhav Bronze Wrestling 1952 Helsinki
Leander Paes Bronze Tennis 1996 Atlanta
Karnam Malleswari Bronze Weightlifting 2000 Sydney
Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore Silver Shooting 2004 Athens
Abhinav Bindra Gold Shooting 2008 Beijing
Sushil Kumar Bronze Wrestling 2008 Beijing
Vijender Kumar Bronze Boxing 2008 Beijing
Vijay Kumar Silver Shooting 2012 London
Sushil Kumar Silver Wrestling 2012 London
Yogeshwar Dutt Bronze Wrestling 2012 London
Mary Kom Bronze Boxing 2012 London
Saina Nehwal Bronze Badminton 2012 London
Gagan Narang Bronze Shooting 2012 London
P.V. Sindhu Silver Badminton 2016 Rio de Janeiro
Sakshi Malik Bronze Wrestling 2016 Rio de Janeiro
Neeraj Chopra Gold Javelin Throw 2021 Tokyo
Mirabai Chanu Silver Weight lifting 2021 Tokyo
Ravi Kumar Dahiya Silver Wrestling 2021 Tokyo
Lovlina Borgohain Bronze Boxing 2021 Tokyo
P V Sindhu Bronze Badminton 2021 Tokyo