ACP 11

4th Quarter
Week 4

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Division of Surigao del Sur
Disclaimer: This Learning Activity Sheet (LAS) is based from the Self-Learning
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 Competency: Cleanup on completion of irrigation activities
TLE_AFAC9-12IW-IVf-j-4

Objectives: At the end of the week, you shall have

o identified environmental impact of irrigation,

o applied general safety guidelines in storing tools for irrigation ,
o valued the importance of cleaning and storing.

Learner’s Tasks

Lesson Overview

What Is Irrigation

Irrigation, sometimes referred to as an irrigation scheme, is the act of redirecting

water for a specific purpose. This purpose is usually to water agricultural crops, to
maintain landscapes, or to provide much needed water during a drought. Less often,
irrigation is used to control dust, to get rid of sewage, and to aid in mining projects. This
article takes a closer look at the environmental impact of irrigation. They say that
cleanliness is close to godliness but on the farm, cleanliness is the key to keeping a herd
healthy and a farm in profit. Farmers know the dangers of potential diseases spreading
like wildfire through their herd. A cow out of action due to ill-health comes with a hefty
price tag in the form of lost production, but when that infection spreads through the
herd, or even into the produced milk, the costs can have a disastrous effect on a farm

What Is The Environmental Impact Of Irrigation?

Direct Environmental Impact Of Irrigation

Because irrigation systems deal with redirecting water from rivers, lakes, and
underground sources, they have a direct impact on the surrounding environment.
Some of these impacts include: increased groundwater level in irrigated areas,
decreased water flow downstream of sourced rivers and streams, and increased
evaporation in irrigated areas. Increased evaporation in irrigated areas can cause
instability in the atmosphere, as well as increase levels of rainfall downwind of the
irrigation. These changes to the climate are a direct result of changes to natural
moisture levels in the surrounding atmosphere.

Indirect Environmental Impact Of Irrigation

Irrigation systems also have an indirect impact on the surrounding environment.

These indirect effects may not be as immediately noticeable as the direct issues.
Additionally, these effects take a longer time to develop and produce longer-lasting
changes. Irrigation can result in the following indirect impacts:

Waterlogging

Waterlogging occurs when the soil becomes oversaturated with water,

promoting anaerobic conditions. With anaerobiosis, plant roots become unhealthy due
to a number of chemical reactions, including a reduction in soil iron and manganese
oxides.

Soil Salinization

Soil salinization happens when the salt content in soil increases above normal,
naturally occurring levels. Irrigation draws a significant amount of water from an area,
moving it to agricultural or landscaped lands. The area that has lost a significant
amount of water is often left with concentrated salt levels in the decreased water levels
left behind. High salt levels make it difficult for plants to absorb the necessary amount of
water and nutrients from the soil.

Ecological Damage

Ecological damage takes longer to occur and notice than waterlogging and soil
salinization. One of the most significant causes of ecological damage is in reduced
downstream river flow. When river flow is dramatically reduced, it can lead to
disappearing wetlands and flood forest ecosystems. Additionally, it results in insufficient
drinking, industrial, and municipal water supplies. Because less water finds its way into
the ocean, coastal erosion may occur, which damages coastal ecosystems such as
mangroves and their habitats. In addition, saltwater makes its way from the ocean into
estuaries in increased amounts, which significantly changes the ecosystem and habitat
of these waterways as well.

Socioeconomic Damage

Reduced water flow can also have other less obvious effects on socioeconomic
health. Specifically, irrigation may lead to decreased fishing and shipping opportunities.
One example of reduced fishing opportunities can be seen in Pakistan within the Indus
River. Here, water has been over extracted for agricultural purposes. This has
threatened the local fish populations which causes an imbalance in the natural food
chain. Over extraction of water in the Indus River also affects local human populations,
who rely on fishing as a source of dietary protein and economic activity. Shipping
opportunities are also affected as large ships and other water transportation vehicles
are left with insufficient water to appropriately navigate, reducing trade and economic
activity in certain areas.
Procedures for storage of excess materials

Store materials and supplies in an organized manner to ensure easy access for
retrieval and transportation. Place heavier loads on lower or middle shelves. Store long,
tall or top-heavy items on their side or secure them to prevent tipover

Pointers to follow in storing tools and equipment:

1.Have a designated place for each kind of tools.

2.Label the storage cabinet or place correctly for immediate finding.
3.Store them near the point of use.
4.Wash and dry properly before storing.
5.Store knives properly when not in use with sharp edge down.

Routine cleaning, maintenance and storage of tools and equipment

The following are some general safety guidelines in storing tools for irrigation

 Reading and understand the Danger, Warning, and Caution signs on all
equipment parts.
 Wearing personal protective equipment such as sturdy boots, coveralls, gloves,
and a hardhat. Add hearing and eye protection if needed.

Properly inspect and maintain the irrigation systems. Make sure to report and repair
malfunctioning systems. Look for the following:

 Low tire pressure and damage.

 Signs of sprinkler blockage or breakage.
 Problems with end gun flows that maintain appropriate water pressure in the
system.
 Problems with debris in systems. If necessary, flush the system to remove debris.
 Deficient levels of lubrication.
 Water or fluid leaks.
 Barriers in the field that could halt or hinder system movement.

Follow proper lockout tag-out practices to control unsafe startup or power to the
irrigation equipment each time you perform maintenance or repair. Remember that
equipment can be controlled locally, remotely, or on timers. Never assume that
equipment that is turned off will stay off. Pay attention to potential hazards when
applying lockout tag-out:

 Fix the main machine control to the off position.

 Control mechanical hazards such as center drives, overhead hazards, tires,
rotation, and engines.
 Control power to the motor, tower boxes, and wiring.
 Control water systems to the sprinklers, end guns, pumps, and pipeline.
Use extreme caution around overhead power lines when installing, maintaining, and
using irrigation systems. Accidental contact of water spray, the piping, or the power
units with electrical lines can cause severe electric shock injuries and death. Things to
consider are:

 Make sure all equipment is properly wired and grounded.

 Know where power lines are located and their heights.
 Know the heights of the towers and the heights and lengths of the piping system.
 Maintain proper clearances from power lines at all times.
 When clearing pipes, keep them horizontal, don’t lift them vertical where they
could meet with power lines.
 Note that extreme weather can move your equipment and power lines, so
always survey the work area after a storm.
 If power lines do meet with any part of the system, contact the power company
immediately and evacuate the area.

Common safety practices in the working area

1. Keep area clean especially oil spills

2. Return tools when not in use
3. Do not put heavy tools in elevated areas
4. Install sinages to warn other people

Using these techniques will prevent injuries and perhaps save a life while using irrigation
systems

Safety practices in doing work

• Focus on your work and never indulge in foolish activities

• Use appropriate tools for the activity
• Never put sharp object on your pocket
• Always wear appropriate PPE
• Read manual before operating equipment

Activity 1. Fill in the illustration bellow with the indirect environmental impact of
irrigation.

4 2

3
Activity 2. As a farm owner, construct your own safety guidelines in storing tools for
irrigation. Follow the table below in writing.

Safety Guidelines in Storing Tools Irrigation

1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.

Activity 3 Essay. Why cleaning and storing irrigation tools is important?

Formative Test. Multiple Choice

Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is true and FALSE if the statement given is false.

1. Follow some of the manufacturer’s suggestions for inspection, maintenance, and

repair schedules and procedures.
2. Properly inspect and maintain the irrigation systems
3. All hazards that are found in the workplace should be reported immediately to a
supervisor, the safety department or management
4. Fix the main machine control to the on position.
5. Keep the system’s traveling path free of objects and people at all times.

Answer Key

Activity 1
1. Waterlogging
2. Soil salinization
3. Ecological damage
4. Socioeconomic damage

Activity 2 and 3: Answers may vary

Formative Test - Answer Key

1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. True

References
Online Resource:
1. http://www.horticulture.com.au
2. https://content.statefundca.com/safety/safetymeeting/SafetyMeetingArticle.as
px?ArticleID=798