TRIGONOMETRY

Sides of Right-Angled Triangle

C
In right-angled ∆ABC,

Side opposite to FA
FA is an acute angle, e
us
AC is the hypotenuse, en
p ot
Hy
BC is the side opposite to FA,
AB is the side adjacent to FA.
A Side adjacent to FA B
Trigonometric Ratios Of A
opposite side BC adjacent side AB
1 Sine of FA = sin A = = 4 Cotangent of FA = cot A = =
hypotenuse AC opposite side BC

adjacent side AB hypotenuse AC

2 Cosine of FA = cos A = = 5 Secant of FA = sec A = =
hypotenuse AC adjacent side AB

opposite side BC hypotenuse AC

3 Tangent of FA = tan A = = 6 Cosecant of FA = cosec A = =
adjacent side AB opposite side BC

Relations In Trigonometric Ratios

sin A sec A 1 cosec A 1
1 tan A = = = 3 sec A = = tan A x cosec A =
cos A cosec A cot A cot A cos A
cos A cosec A 1 sec A 1
2 cot A = = = 4 Cosec A = = cot A x sec A =
sin A sec A tan A tan A sin A

Trigonometric Ratios Of Complementary Angles

1 sin (90-A) = cos A
sine and cosine are complementary to each other
2 cos (90-A) = sin A
3 tan (90-A) = cot A tangent and cotangent are complementary to each other
4 cot (90-A) = tan A
5 sec (90-A) = cosec A cosecant and secant are complementary to each other
6 cosec (90-A) = sec A

Trigonometric Identities
1 sin2 A + cos2 A = 1 2 1+ tan2 A = sec2 A 3 1+ cot2 A = cosec2 A
N N N
1 - cos2 A = sin2 A sec2 A - tan2 A = 1 cosec2 A - cot2 A = 1
N N N
1 - sin2 A = cos2 A sec2 A - 1 = tan2 A cosec2 A - 1 = cot2 A

Trigonometric Ratios Of Standard Angles

Angle
0o 30o 45o 60o 90o
Ratio
write numbers
0 1 2 3 4 from 0 to 4
1 1 3 Divide all
0 4 4 1
2 by 4
1 1 √3 Find square root
sin A 0 2 1
√2 2 for all
√3 1 1 Write values in
cos A 1 2 0 reverse order
2 √2
sin A
1 Use tan A =
tan A 0 1 √3 ND cos A
√3
1 Write values in
cot A ND √3 1 0 reverse order
√3
Use
2
sec A 1
√3
√2 2 ND sec A = 1
cos A
2 Write values in
cosec A ND 2 √2 1 reverse order
√3
Here ND is not defined