Object Id / Schema ID / Object Key-Prefix:

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Each object in salesforce will be identified by using a 3-Characters Alphanumerical
Number called as "Object ID".

Object's Unique Identification number is called as "ObjectID / Schema ID / Object

KeyPrefix".

By using the ObjectID, we can perform 2 operations as below.

Note: Each Object contains a 3-Characters Alphanumerical Number.

Object Name Object ID

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Account ---> https://ap16.salesforce.com/001/o --> 001
Contact ---> https://ap16.salesforce.com/003/o --> 003
Opportunity ---> https://ap16.salesforce.com/006/o --> 006
Lead ---> https://ap16.salesforce.com/00Q/o --> 00Q
Case ---> https://ap16.salesforce.com/500/o --> 500
Solution ---> https://ap16.salesforce.com/501/o --> 501
Campaign ---> https://ap16.salesforce.com/701/o --> 701
Order ---> 801
User ---> 005
Task ---> 00T
Event ---> 00U
Group ---> 00G

We have the below 2 benefits.

1. By using this object id, we can switch / jump from one object to another by
placing the object id inside the URL.

Syntax:
https://<ServerNumber>.salesforce.com/<ObjectID>

By placing the ObjectID inside the URL, in the Address bar. We can directly
jump into the required object.

Ex:
https://ap5.salesforce.com/001 --> Account Object
https://ap5.salesforce.com/00Q --> Lead Object.
https://ap5.salesforce.com/006 --> Opportunity object

2. By using this object id, We can identify the records.

Note:
For each record in the Salesforce object, it will allocate a unique
identification number called as "RecordID", Which contains 18-Characters
Alphanumerical number. By using the RecordID, we can identify the record uniquely.

RecordID --> 18 - Characters (Alphanumerical)

|
First 3-Characters --> Represents the ObjectID.
Remaining 15 - Characters --> Represents the RecordID.
Last 3-Characters --> Checksum of the record
Note: Upon creating a New record inside the object, salesforce will allocate an 18-
characters alphanumerical number called as "RecordID". (Which is a Case-Sensitive)

But, in the Detailed of the record, it will display the "First 15-Characters ID" of
th record. Last 3-Characters will not be visible in the URL, because of the
Security Reasons.

https://ap16.salesforce.com/0012w00000E7kdF
0012w00000E7kdF
0012w00000E7kdFAAR

We can fetch the complete 18-characters Id of the record, by making a Query to the
Database

Navigation:
Click on Your Name on Top Right Corner and Expand it.
1. Click on "Developer Console" link.
2. Goto the "Developer Console Editor" and Expand the
TabBar
3. Click on "Query Editor" tab.
4. Type the Query and Execute it.
Ex: select id, name, rating, industry from
Account.
5. Click on "Execute" button. ( Ex: 0017F000002cdMjQAI)