EC_CE12 - Communications (2)

Test Summary
No. of Sections: 1
No. of Questions: 33
Total Duration: 90 min

Section 1 - Technical

Section Summary
No. of Questions: 33
Duration: 90 min

Additional Instructions:
1. The question paper contains 33 questions
2. Maximum marks that can be obtained are 50 Marks
3. The total duration of the test is 90 Minutes
4. This question paper consists of subject wise questions
a. Question numbers 1 to 16  : 1 mark
b. Question numbers 17 to 33  : 2 marks 
5. The question paper consists of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) and Numerical Answer Type ( NAT)
6. MCQ questions will have four choices, out of which only ONE is correct answer. 
For NAT questions, there will not be any choice. Answer should be entered with the help of mouse using virtual keyboard 
7. Negative Marking 
a. For 1-mark MCQ, 1/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer
b. For 2-mark MCQ, 2/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer
8. There is NO negative marking for a wrong answer in NAT questions

Q1. The band rate for a signal having bitrate of 1.5 Mbps being transmitted through QPSK using NRZ–L digital encoding technique is

50,000 signal element/sec

75,000 signal element/sec

3,00,000 signal element/sec

6,00,000 signal element/sec

Q2. In Binary data transmission DPSK is preferred to PSK because

for a given energy per bit Pe is minimum

Coherent carrier at receiver is not required

more protection against impulse noise

ISI is minimum

Q3. Consider a Quantizer with characteristics shown in figure

 If 'X' be the input to this quantizer with PdF function fx(x), the value of 'A' is

1/2

1/4

1/8

Q4. Let m(t) be a sinusoidal signal with a peak value A, m(t) is fed to a uniform quantizer. The value of (SNR) in dB is

3.04R + 1.8

6.02R + 1.2

1.08R + 1.4

6.02R + 1.8

Q5. In the delta modulation slope overload error can be minimized by

decreasing sampling rate

decreasing the step size

increasing the step size

by passed through a LPF

Q6. The minimum sampling rate (frequency) required to reconstruct the following without distortion is

3 × 103 Hz

2000 Hz

1000 Hz

6 × 103 Hz

Q7. A constellation diagram consists of equally spaced on a circle at 45°. If the bit rate is 9000 bps the baud rate is
 3000 bands

6000 bands

6000 bands

1500 bands

Q8. A digital communication system employing FSK and 0 & 1 bits are represented by sine waves of 50 KHz and 65 KHz. The waveform
will be orthogonal for a bit duration of

65 μsec

50 μsec

100 μsec

200 μsec

Q9. BPSK modulation is used to transmit a computer data of 10 Kbps. If the symbols used to represent 1 and 0 are ±5 cos (2π × 103 t)
the modulation is used to transmit in an AWGN channel with N0 = 1 mW Pe is

 erfc (1.9)

 erfc (2.8)

 erfc (1.6)

 erfc (0.9)

Q10. A transmission model uses 32 ary FSK modulation and the bandwidth efficiency in this modulation is

0.5

0.762

0.18

0.3125

Q11. In a GSM system, 8 channels can Co exists in 200 KHz Bandwidth using TDMA. A GSM Band cellular operation is allocated 10 MHz

Bandwidth. Assuming frequency reuse factor of  , the maximum number of simultaneous channels that can exists in one cell is

40
 80

100

10

Q12. An M level PSK modulation scheme is used to transmit independent binary digits over a band pass channel with bandwidth 50 kHz.
The bit rate is 100 kbps and the system characteristics is a raised cosine spectrum with 100 % excess bandwidth. The minimum
value of M is

16

32

Q13. A Four phase signal constellation is shown in the figure

If the minimum distance b/w point is d then value of r1 is

0.707 d

1.932 d

1.41 d

0.5 d

Q14. In a CDMA system with N = 16 chips, the maximum number of users who can be mutually orthogonal sequences are

16

Q15. The bit rate of a digital transmission system is R Kb/s. The modulation is 64 QAM. The minimum bandwidth required for ISI
transmission is

R/6 Hz
 R/12 Hz

R/3 Hz

R/10 Hz

Q16.
DPSK modulation is used with   = 15 dB. The probability of bit error in the scenario is

Q17. A source produces binary data at the rate of 100 Kbps. The binary symbols are represented as shown in the figure

The source o/p is transmitted using two modulation schemes, PSK and QPSK. Let B1 and B2 be the bandwidth requirements of
BPSK and QPSK respectively.
If the Bandwidth of the above rectangular pulses is 20 KHz, B1 and B2 are

B1 = 20 KHz, B2 = 20 KHz

B1 = 40 KHz, B2 = 20 KHz

B1 = 10 KHz, B2 = 20 KHz

B1 = 40 KHz, B2 = 80 KHz

Q18. In a PCM system with uniform quantization increasing the number of bits from 7 to 9 will reduce the quantization noise power by a
factor

Q19.
The raised Cosine pulse P(t) is used for zero ISI in digital communication. The expression for P(t) with unity roll off factor is given
by

The value of P(t) at t =   we get

0.25

–0.25

0.5

Q20. Consider the two 8 point signal constellation shown The minimum distance between adjacent points is 2A. The ratio of transmitted
energy in the first constellation to the second constellation is

1.066

1.235

2.450

0.358

Q21. Signal space diagram for a pass band Communication mode is given in the following

If all the symbols are equiprobable the average energy transmitted per symbol is

3E

3.25 E

6E

1.25 E

Q22. Coherent orthogonal binary FSK modulation is used to transmit equiprobable symbol waveforms S1(t) = α cos 2πf1t and S2 = α cos

2πf2t. where α = 2 mV. Assume an AWGN channel with two sided noise power density  –12 W/Hz using an optimal
 = 0.5 × 10
 receiver and the relation Q(v) =   e–4/2 du the bit error probability for a data rate of 500 Kbps is

Q(4)

Q(2)

Q23. In a QPSK demodulator, the probability of bit error in '1' channel is 0.02 and probability of error in channel '0' is 0.05. The probability
of symbol error in this QPSK demodulator is

0.069

0.025

0.045

0.321

Q24. A 20 W power is required to transmit to get a Pe of 10–5 by using BPSK modulation in AWGN channel. The power required to
transmit to get probability error 2.5 × 10–6 by using 16 PSK with Gray coding is

34 W

80 W

20 W

125 W

Q25.
If   = 10 dB, which of the following modulation scheme is better (Pe is less or high)

MSK

coherent BPSK

Coherent QPSK

The performance of all schemes is almost equal

Q26. An analog signal bandlimited by 20 kHz is sampled at a rate of 40 kHz and quantized into 16 levels. The resultant digital signal is
transmitted using M – ary PSK with raised cosine pulse with roll off factor 0.45. A channel with a 125 kHz bandwidth is available to
transmit the data. The smallest acceptable value of M is
_________
Q27. A pulse P(t) with spectrum is shown in figure. If f1 = 0.8 MHz and f2 = 1.2 MHz. The roll off factor is

_________

Common Content:

Binary PSK is used for data transmission over an AWGN channel with PSD   = 10–12 W/Hz. The transmitted signal energy is Eb =  ,
where T is the bit duration and A is the signal amplitude.

Q28. Determine the value of 'A' needed to achieve an error probability of 10–6, if the data rate is 100 Mbps ?
[Q(4.74) = 10–6]

2.12 × 10–2 

3.94 × 10–5 

6.7 × 10–2

9.85 × 10–4

Q29. Find the value of A needed to achieve an error probability of 10–6, if the data rate is 1 Mbps ?
[Q(4.74) = 10–6]

4.15 × 10–4 

9.85 × 10–5 

6.7 × 10–3 

6.7 × 10–6

Common Content:

A binary transmission scheme is shown in the figure. The baseband signal generator uses full width pulses and polar signaling 1 Mb/sec.

Q30. If modulator generates FSK with the difference fc1–fc0 = 400 KHz. The modulation bandwidth is

8.4 MHz

2.2 MHz

2.4 MHz

1.2 MHz

Q31. If instead of full width pulse. Nyquist criterion pulses with r = 0.4 are used. If modulation PSK is used,
then signal Bandwidth is
 1.4 MHz

7 × 105 KHz

1.2 MHz

2.4 MHz

Common Content:

Consider a FH ASK – system. The AWGN spectrum equals Sn(f) = 10–6 and the binary signal amplitudes are 0 and 2V. The ASK uses a data
rate of 100 Kb/s and is detected non-coherently. The ASK requires 100 kHz Bandwidth for transmission. However, the frequency hopping is
over 12 equals ASK bands with bandwidth 1.2 MHz. The partial band jammer can generate a strong Gaussian noise like interference with
total power of 27 dBm.

Q32. If a partial band jammer randomly jams one of the 12 FH channels calculate the BER of FH ASK If ASK
signal hops.

0.015

0.0032

1.875

0.0056

Q33. If a partial band jammer jams all 12 FH channels. The BER of the FHASK if the ASK signal hops 6
bands per bit period is

0.0080

0.045

0.0092

0.0129
 Answer Key & Solution
Section 1 - Technical
Q1
75,000 signal element/sec

Solution

Q2
Coherent carrier at receiver is not required

Solution

No Solution

Q3
1/2

Solution

Q4
6.02R + 1.8

Solution

Q5
increasing the step size

Solution

Q6
3 × 103 Hz

Solution

Q7
3000 bands

Solution
Q8
200 μsec

Solution

Q9
 erfc (1.6)

Solution

Q10
0.3125

Solution

Q11
80

Solution

Q12
16

Solution

Q13
0.707 d
 Solution

Q14
16

Solution

Q15
R/12 Hz

Solution

Q16

Solution

Q17
B1 = 40 KHz, B2 = 20 KHz

Solution

Q18
4
 Solution

Q19
0.5

Solution

Q20
1.066

Solution

Q21
3.25 E

Solution
Q22

Solution

Q23
0.069

Solution

Q24
125 W

Solution
Q25
The performance of all schemes is almost equal

Solution

Q26
4

Solution

Q27
0.2

Solution

Q28. 6.7 × 10–2

Solution

Q29. 6.7 × 10–3 

Solution

Q30. 2.4 MHz

Solution
Q31. 1.4 MHz

Solution

Q32. 0.0056

Solution

Q33. 0.0080

Solution