Q. Why happened mass upsurge in 1969?

A. Mass Upsurge Day falls on 24 January. It came about five decades ago in Bangladesh on 24
January 1969. It was a maintained, truly mass struggle, confronting terrific backlash by our
people accomplished on us by the savage Pakistani rulers and we overcame multiple challenges
while developing our considerable strengths to fight those beastly animals back and defeat them.
It was a democratic political movement. The uprising consisted of a series of mass
demonstrations and dispersed conflicts between government armed forces and the demonstrators.
But the unrest began in 1966 with the Six-point movement of Awami League, it got momentum
at the beginning of 1969 and ended with the resignation of Field Marshal Ayub Khan, the first
military ruler of Pakistan. The uprising also led to the withdrawal of Agartala Conspiracy Case
and release of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and his co-accused from the case.
Bangabandhu came out from Pakistani jail as a hero of Bangladesh. The feeling of individual
identity starting from the language movement and later the six points led by Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman along with fight for autonomy had direct impact on the mass upsurge of 1969. Ethnical
oppression and loss of Bengalis, Student provocation in 1968 turned into the mass upsurge
where Maulana Hamid khan Bhasani played a significant rule by asking his followers to
surround the governors house. Agartala conspiracy case was leading issue for the beginning of
the mass upsurge of 1969 when the Government tried to accuse Sheikh Mujibur Rahman by
false evidence, the Sarbadaliya Chhatra Sangram Parishad supported by Maulana Abdul Hamid
Khan Bhasani organized mass movement against the conspiracy of the government and
demanded immediate withdrawal of the case and release of all prisoners including Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman. The movement burst into a mass movement after the death of Sergeant
Zahurul Haq, 17th accused in the case, by mercilessly shot while in confinement in Dhaka
Cantonment. Based on this and the then thought of separation made a huge mass uprising in
1969.
Q2. Define 7th march speech is a well-balanced speech?
A. It is now an admitted fact that in the treasury of the world's great speeches, the historic
March 7 speech of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman occupies a special place of
honor and landmark. This speech gained international recognition when UNESCO
enlisted the historic speech as part of the world's documentary heritage because the
speech had electrifying effects. It transformed the then 75 million people into a people's
army, ready to fight till their last blood for the independence of their motherland. In this
Historic speech, there were no annoying repetitions in the speech and no unnecessary
articulations.

"Bangabandhu started his address like this: "My dear brothers, I have come before you
today with a heavy heart. All of you know and understand how hard we have tried. But it
is a matter of sorrow that the streets of Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rangpur and
Rajshahi have today become colored with the blood of my brothers. Today, our people
(Banglar manush) want freedom, they want to live, they want their rights." It was a
highly effective introduction to the speech, which laid the foundation for the main
address and provided indications to the audience regarding what was to follow.

Bangabandhu's words were inspirational: "I call upon you to turn every home into
fortresses, confront the enemy with whatever you have and close all roads for life even if
I am not around to give orders." The 75 million people of Bangladesh accepted these
orders as more than mere directives.

While standing on the crossroads of life and death of a nation, he cautioned, "We will
starve them of food, we will deprive them of water." But this was immediately followed
by words of reassurance: "You are my brothers—stay in the barracks, and nobody will
tell you anything. But do not attempt to shoot at my heart." This coexistence of hard and
soft attributes could always be observed in the magnanimous Bangabandhu.

Bangabandhu followed properly the rules of "put the attributes first" while making
references to quotations. He made comments after mentioning the source first. For
example: "Bhutto said, he would not go;" or, "Yahya Khan took over the government. He
said, he would give a constitution and democracy to the country—we accepted."

The main job of a public speech is setting an agenda, which was repeatedly done in
Bangabandhu's speech. There was a part of his speech shows that there was no change in
his humanitarian approach even while announcing tough programs: "I want to pronounce
clearly that the courts, offices, criminal courts and educational institutions will remain
closed from today, indefinitely. Other items will remain outside the purview of the strike,
so that the poor don't suffer and my people do not endure hardship. Rickshaws, horse-
drawn carriages, trains and launches will run; only the Secretariat, Supreme Court, High
Court, Judge Court, and semi-government offices like WAPDA shall not operate."

When Bangabandhu said towards the end of his speech, "Set up action committees under
the leadership of Awami League in all villages and townships, and remain prepared with
whatever you have. Remember, since we have learnt to give blood, we shall give more of
it—we shall free the people of this land by the grace of Allah"; it showed that he could
keep the audience hooked with a high degree of efficiency by applying the art and
techniques of communication theory. The last sentence of Bangabandhu's March 7 speech
—"The struggle this time is for emancipation! The struggle this time is for
independence!"—was effectively a declaration of independence expressed with a firm
resolve, which had, in fact, defined the speech is a well-balanced speech.

I think this speech was literally a revolution, which culminated in our Liberation War and
freedom. Such spectacular application of words was truly an amazing event.
Q3. What was the reason behind the won of Awami league’s in the
election of 1970?

A. The 1970 general election was a turning point in the history of Bangladesh's struggle
for independence, as it was the first general election to have taken place in Pakistan
since its founding in 1947. Prior to the election, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman announced that a victory in the elections would be the weapon to fight for
and secure people's rights. Campaigning on the basis of the 6-point demand,
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman urged the nation to elect Awami League
candidates in the country’s first general elections held on December 7 for the national
assembly and on December 17 for the provincial assembly. Elections were deferred in
a few seats in the cyclone affected coastal areas in the south. The Awami League
achieved an absolute majority in the general elections on December 7, winning 167
out of the 169 seats of the national assembly allocated for East Pakistan and 298 seats
of the 310 seats of the provincial assembly of East Pakistan.

According to the speech of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on December 1

,1970 The people of the then East Pakistan saw the unrelenting struggle where
hundreds of patriots martyred and thousands of students, laborers and political
activists endure unending torture. People saw this election as an opportunity to get rid
of the long 23 years oppression of the West Pakistani rulers. They took 6 points and
11 points as their hope and they realized that Awami league was their own voice of
freedom. So that the people of East Pakistan gave their full support and vote to
Awami League and made the party won. Before the election, there was a devastating
cyclone attacked on 12 November 1970 in the coastal areas of the then East Pakistan
where 5 lac people died and Bangabandhu immediately acted and went to help and
stand by the side of the victims which also help the people to realize who is their side
and what they need. This was the reason behind the won of Awami league’s in the
election of 1970.
Q4. Which event is so significant on (1958-1971) and why?
A. I think historic six-point programme of 1966 was the most influential in inspiring
the idea for struggle for independence.

On February 5, 1966, a national conference of Pakistan’s opposition parties was

held in Lahore. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman placed his historic Six-Point demand at
the conference, but when his fellow opposition leaders refused to entertain it, he
announced the programme at a news conference. On March 1, Mujib was elected
president of the Awami League, with Taj Uddin Ahmad as general secretary of
the party. Afterwards, Mujib launched a campaign to gather support for the Six-
point Demand. He travelled around the country. Police arrested and detained him
several times in Sylhet, Mymensingh and Dhaka during the campaign. In total, he
was arrested eight times in the first quarter of that year. On June 7, 1966, the
Awami League called a countrywide hartal in the then East Pakistan in support of
the historic Six-Point programme for regional autonomy Bangabandhu Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman had announced in February of the year. Bangabandhu was
arrested on May 8, 1966, while other leaders and activists were detained between
May and the hartal called on June 7. The Six Points have been widely
acknowledged as the "charter of freedom" for Bengalis and the movement in June
1966 for their implementation was a turning point in Bangladesh's struggle for
freedom from Pakistani colonial domination, say historians and political analysts.
after the partition of 1947 politicians of different quarters had raised some issues
in various times, but Sheikh Mujibur Rahman’s Six-Point had combined all
demands. The leaders of the then West Pakistan realized that if they acceded to
the Six-Point demand, then East Pakistan would no longer be with them. It would
be a confederation automatically, and that’s why West Pakistan rejected the Six
Points from the beginning.

I would like to mention three incidents about Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur

Rahman to explain the significance of the Six Points. First, in a conversation
about the goal of the Six Points with then NAP chairman Muzaffar Ahmed,
Bangabandhu said, there is only one point, I just it turned around a little. Second,
during a conversation with former student leader Abdur Razzaq, Bangabandhu
said, I just made a bridge to go forward with the demand of autonomy. And third,
while talking to poet Syed Shamsul Haque, who was working for BBC at the
time, Bangabandhu had said, What I want from Pakistan is how much they have
taken from us, how much they will pay back and when they will leave.
Considering the events of that day which were to be a milestone on the road to
Bangladesh's independence in late 1971, the nation has since been observing June
7 as the historic Six-Point Day.

Dffgdf
It is now an admitted fact that in the treasury of the world's great
speeches, the historic March 7 speech of Bangabandhu Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman occupies a special place of honor and landmark.
This speech gained international recognition when UNESCO enlisted
the historic speech as part of the world's documentary heritage
because the speech had electrifying effects. It transformed the then 75
million people into a people's army, ready to fight till their last blood
for the independence of their motherland. In this Historic speech,
there were no annoying repetitions in the speech and no unnecessary
articulations.
By analysis the introduction of the speech, I found that It was a highly
effective introduction to the speech, which laid the foundation for the
main address and provided indications to the audience regarding what
was to follow. After that Bangabandhu’s words were inspirational and
directives. In the speech we also found the coexistence of hard and
soft attributes magnanimous Bangabandhu. Bangabandhu also
followed properly the rules of "put the attributes first" while making
references to quotations. Every time he made comments after
mentioning the source first. The main job of a public speech is setting
an agenda, which was repeatedly done in Bangabandhu's speech.
There was a part of his speech shows that there was no change in his
humanitarian approach even while announcing tough programs. the
end of his speech it showed that he could keep the audience hooked
with a high degree of efficiency by applying the art and techniques of
communication theory. The last sentence of Bangabandhu's March 7
speech was effectively a declaration of independence expressed with a
firm resolve, which had, in fact, defined the speech.
I think this speech was literally a revolution, which culminated in our
Liberation War and freedom. Such spectacular application of words
was truly an amazing event.