Protection and Humanitarian Principles

Training Report
Organized by Fata Disaster Management Authority
funded by Swiss Agency for Development & Cooperation
in Collaboration with Protection Cluster

Venue UNHCR Conference Room Peshawar

Dated 1st, 2nd December 2016

Report Prepared by
Communication & Reporting Specialist FDMA
Khalid Abbas
List of Acronyms:

CPiE Child Protection in Emergencies

CFS Child Friendly Spaces
FDMA Fata Disaster Management Authority
FATA Federally Administrate red Tribal Area
GBV Gender Based Violence

HCOMM Humanitarian Communication

IASC Inter-Agency Standing Committee

IDPs Internally Displaced Persons

IHL International Humanitarian Law

IHRL International Human Rights Law

IOM International Office of Migration

IRC International Rescue Committee

IRL International Refugee Law

IVAP IDP Vulnerability Assessment & Profiling

MRE Mine Risk Education

SADDD Sex Age & Disability Disaggregated Data

SDC Swiss Agency for Development & Cooperation

TDPs Temporary Displaced Persons

UNOCHA United Nations Office for Coordination

Humanitarian Affairs

UNHCR United Nations High Commission for Refugees

Table of Contents
List of Acronyms: ...................................................................................................................................................... 2
Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................... 4
Methodology: ............................................................................................................................................................. 4
Power Point Presentations: .................................................................................................................................... 4
Brain Storming....................................................................................................................................................... 4
Group Work ........................................................................................................................................................... 4
Objectives of the training........................................................................................................................................... 5
Learning Outcomes .................................................................................................................................................... 5
Training Proceedings ................................................................................................................................................. 5
Opening Remarks ...................................................................................................................................................... 5
Role of FDMA ........................................................................................................................................................... 6
Humanitarian Coordination ....................................................................................................................................... 6
Topics Covered in the Presentation ....................................................................................................................... 7
Mandate of UNOCHA ........................................................................................................................................... 7
Cluster Approach ................................................................................................................................................... 7
Important Point from the Presentation ................................................................................................................... 8
GBV in Emergencies ............................................................................................................................................... 11
Child protection in Emergencies ............................................................................................................................. 12
What is CP Programming in Emergencies?............................................................................................................. 13
Age and Disability in Emergencies ..................................................................................................................... 14
Humanitarian Communication................................................................................................................................. 14
WHAT DOES HCOMMS DO? ........................................................................................................................... 14
Closing Remarks by Director Operations, FDMA .................................................................................................. 16
Glimpses from the Training ................................................................................................................................. 17
 Executive Summary

FDMA Protection Unit is being funded by Swiss Agency for Development & Cooperation (SDC). The Protection
Unit as part of its capacity building deliverable organized a two days capacity building Training on “Protection
and Humanitarian Principles” in collaboration with Protection Cluster FATA/KP

The training was held at Conference Room of UNHCR on 1st and 2nd December 2016. The training was facilitated
by the Protection Cluster (UNHCR), Protection Sub-cluster GBV, Protection Sub-Cluster Child Protection, Age
and Disability Task Force, Protection Cluster members, UN agencies including UNOCHA and IOM. The
training organized to spearhead the Protection Unit, FDMA initiative for protection mainstreaming during
emergencies in FATA and other initiatives.

The training was delivered through power point presentations, group work, interactive discussion and question
answers sessions. The topics included Cluster Approach, role of FDMA during emergencies, UNOCHA’s
coordination role and the cluster system, coordination mechanism, Protection Analysis, Child Protection in
emergencies, GBV in Emergencies, Humanitarian Communication, Protection mainstreaming.
Methodology:

The Protection Cluster has experience of delivering trainings to diverse group of trainees. Based on their prior
experience, the training was designed to encompass a mix of learning methodologies. The training was conducted
through power point presentation. Sufficient time was dedicated to discussion on the relevant topics and
presentation was preceded and followed by questions, answers and group work.
Power Point Presentations:

Each presenter came with a power point presentation for the training. This facilitated transfer of knowledge to the
participants

Brain Storming

As all of the participants came with diverse knowledge and experience from the field, the trainers floated questions
related to the topic and the participants came with answers based on their field experience and knowledge. Brain
storming technique set the tone for the presentations.
Group Work

The group work is the application of the theoretical knowledge to field situation. This gave an opportunity to the
trainees to discuss the topic in detail and see its application at the ground level.
 Objectives of the training

• Capacity building of the participants on Protection and Humanitarian Principles, GBV, CP and Age and
Disability in Emergencies.
• Protection mainstreaming in the Humanitarian Assistance
• Enhancing the role of Protection during the entire spectrum of Disaster.
• Identification of gaps and Protection mainstreaming during all humanitarian response.

Learning Outcomes

• Understanding of IASC minimum standards for protection mainstreaming in humanitarian work.

• Knowledge and practice; Child Protection; GBV, Age and Disability in Emergencies, response and early
recovery.
• Transformation of humanitarian response from theory to practice in line with protection and humanitarian
principles.
• Protection mainstreaming in preparedness, mitigation, response and recovery with responsive, remedial and
environment building measures.
• Understanding of Humanitarian Communication theory and practice
• Theory and practice guiding principles on internal displacement as international minimum standard and
protection tool

Training Proceedings

Day 1(1st December)

Opening Remarks
The training was formally opened by Director Operations
FDMA. He thanked Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation (SDC), Protection Cluster, and Protection Unit of
FDMA for organizing the training. He accentuated the
importance of protection in emergencies and the difficulties
and vulnerabilities faced by the IDPs. He highlighted the
perplexity about Protection among the officials and that State
has the first responsibility for protecting the rights of its
citizens. When it comes to displacement, Govt. has the duty to
provide services and protection to the IDPs as displacement
leads to increased vulnerabilities. Senior Operation
Coordinator UNHCR welcomed the participants to the
training on behalf of UNHCR.
Role of FDMA

Head of Protection Unit/Protection Specialist spoke about the

role FDMA in the entire spectrum of disaster. She stated that
the organization is currently engaged in providing support to
the TDPs in displacement and return and the organization has
handled effectively one of the biggest IDPs caseload in the
world.
Humanitarian Coordination

Humanitarian Affair Officer UNOCHA, conducted this session. The participants were shown slide about the
Structure of UN and were about their opinion with regard to its complexity. The participants shared their
understanding about the UN Coordination System. The participants were asked about the need for humanitarian
coordination

Participants were asked about the Disaster Cycle and the role of coordination during the disaster spectrum. The role
of Protection was thoroughly discussed during all the phases of Disaster Cycle.
Topics Covered in the Presentation

• Humanitarian Coordination
• Inter-Agency Standing Committee

Mandate of UNOCHA
▪ Coordination
▪ Information Management H
▪ Humanitarian Financing
▪ Advocacy

Cluster Approach

Why Humanitarian Reforms?

 To reduce gaps, increase predictability and also strengthen response capacity, coordination
and accountability
 Better linkages with Government/national authorities
 More strategic responses
 Better prioritization of available resources

 Cluster Lead Agencies

 Cluster Activation & Deactivation
 Clusters in Pakistan
 Humanitarian Civil Military Coordination
 Basic UN CM Coordination Strategies
Cooperation
 Co-existence
Protection in Emergencies:

The session was presented by Senior Protection Cluster Assistant, Protection Cluster. The official definition of
protection by Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) was presented for reference and understanding the elements
of protection. The presenter asked about the understanding of the participants about protection and this led to an
interactive and fruitful discussion.

PROTECTION

“All activities aimed at

obtaining full respect for
the rights of the individual
in accordance with the letter
“ASSISTANCE AND PROTECTION and the spirit of the relevant
ARE THE TWO INDIVISIBLE PILLARS bodies of law (i.e., human
OF HUMANITARIAN ACTION.” right law, international
The Sphere Handbook humanitarian law, refugee
law)”
Inter-Agency Standing
Committee (IASC)

Important Point from the Presentation

Defining Protection
Safety
Dignity/Freedom
Integrity
Empowerment
Rights-based
Principles of Human Rights
 Human rights are founded on the respect for dignity of each person.
 Human rights are universal
 Human rights are inalienable
 Human rights are indivisible,
interrelated and interdependent
 Efforts to better define “Protection” What are Human Rights?
Responsive action:
“Human rights are legitimate claims for the
Immediate activity to stop, prevent or minimum civil, cultural, economic, political,
mitigate violations (e.g. monitoring, and social needs that every human being has
presence,) a right to enjoy because they are human.”
Remedial action:
Activities to provide redress and restore
dignified conditions through
rehabilitation, restitution, reparation (e.g.
psychosocial support, access to justice,
property restitution)
Environment-building:
Structural activity to create and/or
consolidate an environment (cultural,
institutional, legal) conducive to the full
respect for the rights of the individual
(training, advocacy, capacity building,
technical support to institutions)
What is Protection in practical terms?
Key protection challenges typically consist of situations where people are harmed or neglected, where
access to available humanitarian goods and services is limited, where people whose rights are disregarded
or have been violated do not have the possibility or are blocked from asserting these rights, and
where they face discrimination.
Activities addressing (past, present or future) harm inflicted on or caused by neglect of people;
• Activities aimed at ensuring that people in need have access to goods and services such as adequate
food, water and sanitation, shelter, health services, education, etc., and that obstacles impeding or
hindering access are removed
• Activities aimed at ensuring that people can exercise their rights themselves as well as activities
strengthening their capacities in this respect, in particular in cases of:
• Lack of information,
• Lack of documentation;
• Lack of effective remedies against violations, including access to courts and reparation for violations of
their rights; and
• Lack of accountability for violations

Who is an IDP?
• “IDPs are defined as those persons forced or obliged to flee from their homes,
“…in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects of armed
conflicts, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or
natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an
international recognized state border”
Do IDPs Have Specific Rights?
 IDPs shall enjoy, in full equality, the same rights and freedoms under international and domestic
law
as do other persons in their country.
 IDPs should not be discriminated against in the enjoyment of any rights and freedoms on the
ground that
they are internally displaced.
Guiding Principles for IDPs
 Framework to guide anyone working with IDPs
 Is not legally binding, but analogous with refugee law
 Rights of the displaced
 Obligations of national authorities
 Obligations of international authorities
 Provide practical guidance to all stakeholders, including government, in their work with IDPs
 Address the needs of IDPs, identify their rights relevant to their protection and humanitarian
assistance
during displacement as well as during return or resettlement/reintegration
 Vulnerable IDPs shall be entitled to protection and assistance required by their condition and to
treatment
in accordance with their special needs
 Reflect and are consistent with IHL and HR law
WHY CLASSIFY IDPS?
As a result of their displacement IDPs may have additional vulnerabilities, such as loss of livelihood
and security of food.
GBV in Emergencies

This session was presented by GBV Analyst (KP & FATA) / GBV SC Coordinator. The participants
were asked to differentiate between Gender and Sex. After discussion, the slide was shown to
differentiate between Sex and Gender
The sex of a person is:
•Biologically defined;
•Determined by genetics and hormones;
•Universal
The gender of a person:
• Is socially constructed and therefore learned
and can be changed;
• Differs and varies within and across cultures
and over time;

• Results in different roles, responsibilities, opportunities, needs and constraints for

women, men, girls and boys.
Differences among and between women and
men along class, race, caste, age etc.
Topics Covered During the Presentation
 What is gender & Why it matters in
Humanitarian Situation?
 Gender: synonymous with power
 Why Gender Matters in
Humanitarian Situation
 IASC TOOLS for Gender
Mainstreaming (guiding tool for gender mainstreaming)
 What is Sex and Age Disaggregated Data(SADD) & Why we collect it?
  Without SADDD we Cannot determine
who is affected whether they are men,
women, boys, girls, or
 Elderly and does their social power
influence the state they are in?
SADD allows you to see (Who gets affected
and how much?)
Allows you to plan (How to protect and
prepare better based on greatest
vulnerability)
What is the Gender Marker?
The image on the right is a description of Gender
Marker Code
The participants were divided in to groups for application of Gender Marker Code to Need
Assessment, Project Activities and Outcomes. The exercise helped the participant in
understanding the process of inclusion of gender equality in project proposal.
 Topics covered during the presentation
 Gender Responsive Humanitarian Action
 Minimum standard indicators – For Cluster Project Proposals
 Gold Star indicators – Additonal best practice indicators
 ERF guidance using Tip Sheets and ADAPT&ACT-C
 Sexual and Gender-Based Violence
 Sample Issues referral in Humanitarian Situation
 Monitoring Gender Equality Outcomes
 Gender Task Force and Gender and Child Cells

Day 2(2nd December 2016)

Child protection in Emergencies

The session was presented by Coordinator

Sub-Cluster Child Protection. The
Child Protection in Emergencies
participants were asked about their
understanding and the need for Child “Child Protection in Emergencies is the
Protection. The slide on the objective of prevention of and response to abuse, neglect,
the session was shown. exploitation of and violence against children in
The session covered the following topics.
emergencies”.
Global Child Protection Working Group
What is Child Protection?
What is Emergency?
Types of Emergency?
Child Protection in Emergency?
Definition of Child Protection in Emergency?
Impact of Emergencies on Children
Child Protection Issued in Emergencies
Legislative Framework for CP in an Emergency
The Protective Environment Frame work

What is CP Programming in Emergencies?

The participants were divided in to groups to identify stake holders in camp an off-camp, to
classify key child protection issues and recommend strategies for responding to Child
Protection issues. The groups presented their work.
Age and Disability in Emergencies

The session was presented by Help Age International, Age and Disability Task Force.
Statistics on Age and Disability form the world and Pakistan was presented for better
understanding of the issues.
The following topics were covered during the
presentation.
 Age & Disability and International
Development
 Barriers faced by the OP and PWDs
 What is inclusion of OP and PWDs
 Inclusion in Humanitarian Response
 What is SADDD (Sex Age Disability
Disaggregated Data)

What is inclusion?
1. Older people & people with disability are
Identified and needs addressed
2. Involved in accessing what they need
3. Included and involved and not at risk
4. Know their rights and be involved in decision
making
5. Feel safe to share complaints
6. Receive well-coordinated relevant assistance
7. Assistance is continuously monitored and
improves
8. Staff and volunteers are well trained and there
is possible employment and volunteering

Humanitarian Communication

This part was presented by Provincial Coordinator HCOMM. The need for humanitarian
communication was highlighted through slides

WHAT DOES HCOMMS DO?

• Provides life-saving information that is:
• Timely
 • Accurate
• Accessible
• Coordinated
• Informs government and service providers on gaps and needs
• Enhances transparency and accountability

Major topics covered during the presentation included

• Role of HCOMMS
• Operational overview of HCOMMS during displacement and return(FATA)
• Communication, How it is done
• Information Products & channels used
• 2015-16 response o Return timelines and locations of embarkation points.
o Modalities of cash transfers and assistance. o Locations of food hubs
and how to receive assistance.
o Mine Risk Education (MRE) o Cluster-specific communications for
education, health, shelter, WASH etc.
• Protection Gender specific needs o Gender Based Violence (GBV) and child
protection Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs).
o Targeted Food PSAs for NWA female IDPs.
o Customized awareness raising sessions on Mine Risk Education for
women, men and children.
o Targeted education PSAs in Bannu for enrollment of girls.
o Development and distribution of maternal health leaflets and brochures
Closing Remarks by Director Operations, FDMA

Director Operations FDMA and Senior Operation Coordinator UNHCR were present at the
closing ceremony of the training and interacted with the participants of the training. In the end
Director Operations FDMA thanked all the trainees for their time, efforts and active
participation in the event. He presented all the participants with certificates of participation. He
thanked SDC and Protection Cluster for their valuable support.
Glimpses from the Training

END