Experiment no.

er Titra
rd ti
a o
n
W

Group 3: Bantigue, Benedicto, Binag

Group 4: Buere, Canlas, Capulong
Let's have a brief background about:

Warder

Titration!

is the simultaneous determination of

sodium hydroxide and carbonate.
also known as double indicators acid-
base titration.
 ives
c
t To determine the individual
e

concentration of mixture
jb

ingredients
o

To understand the neutralization

reactions
 ives
c
t To understand the concept of an
e

acid-base titration
jb

To understand the concept of

o

double indicator method in

acid-base titration
Methodology
Materials

Chemicals

25-mL of 0.2 M Sodium hydroxide,

NaOH NaOH/
Na2CO3
Methyl
orange

25-mL of 0.2 M Sodium carbonate,

Na2CO3
HCl ph.ph
5 drops of Phenolphthalein
5 drops of Methyl orange
0.2 M Hydrochloric acid, HCl
Materials

Glasswares

Funnel
Washing bottles
Plastic droppers
50-mL glass burette
250-mL conical flask (erlenmeyer flask)
Micropipettes (25-mL)
ice bath
Glass burettes held in a stand
Chemical

Hazard

Risk

Assessment
 trol measur
n es
Co :

Nitrile gloves
Lab goggles
Lab coat Facemask
 Burette

Wash
PROCEDURES

- distilled water (twice)

- 0.2 M HCl soln (once)

Fill with 0.2 M HCl

Burette with

0.2 M HCl

Note:
record initial
Make sure to be in a sharp
volume vertical position.

make sure that the tip of the

Titrant
burette is not empty so as
not to get false results.
 Titrating using
Titrating using Phenolphthalein
Phenolphthalein Indicator
Indicator

25 mL of sample
Colorless soln

transfer into 250 mL

(endpoint)
conical flask
(use bulb or graduated
pipette.) record final volume
record the volume of HCl

Colorless soln
(VHCl1)

+5 drops of Phenolphthalein continuation on

indicator
swirl next slide

Intense Pink soln

Caution:

cool in ice bath Do not shake

vigorously
+ 0.2 M HCl (slowly)
shake slowly
 Titrating using
Titrating using Methyl
Methyl Orange
Orange Indicator
Indicator

Orange- colored soln

Colorless soln

(endpoint)
(endpoint from the

record final volume

previous titration)

record the volume of HCl

+5 drops of Methyl Orange (VHCl2)
indicator do 2 more trials
swirl
3 concordant

Straw Yellow- colored readings

soln

Note:

+ 0.2 M HCl (slowly) If you got a red

shake slowly colored soln then you
have passed the end
point.
 AND RESU
TA LT
A S
D
DATA AND RESULTS
 ALCULATIONS
C

for Phenolphthalein

Vol. of HCl used (VHCl1) = Final Vol HCl -Initial Vol HCl

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Final Vol 10.23 mL 10.28 mL 10.20 mL

Initial Vol
0.00 mL 0.00 mL 0.00 mL

(VHCl1) 10.23 mL 10.28 mL 10.20 mL

 ALCULATIONS
C

for Phenolphthalein

Average Volume HCl = [Trial 1 (VHCl1) +Trial 2 (VHCl1) + Trial 3 (VHCl1) ] 3

10.23 mL + 10.28 mL + 10.20 mL

Average Vol. = 10.24 mL

 ALCULATIONS
C

for Methyl Orange

Vol. of HCl used (VHCl2) = Final Vol HCl -Initial Vol HCl

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Final Vol
25.60 mL 25.55 mL 25.58 mL

Initial Vol
10.23 mL 10.28 mL 10.20 mL

(VHCl2) 15.37 mL 15.27mL 15.38 mL

 ALCULATIONS
C

for Methyl Orange

Average Volume HCl = [Trial 1 (VHCl2) +Trial 2 (VHCl2) + Trial 3 (VHCl2) ] 3

15.37 mL + 15.27 mL + 15.38 mL

Average Vol. = 15.34 mL

Treatment of

Results
Identify whether your sample contains:
sodium carbonate and sodium
hydroxide,
or sodium carbonate and sodium
bicarbonate,
or only sodium carbonate.
 Indicators
pH
 Indicators
pH
 Indicators
pH

What we wanted is an
orangey-red solution

If you got a red-colored sol'n

then you have passed the end
point.
1
2
3
4
5
To determine the composition, let's check the graph

Titration pH range
Phenolphthalein (8.3 - 10) Methyl Orange (3.1 - 4.4)
To determine the composition, let's check the graph

Titration pH range
Phenolphthalein (8.3 - 10) Methyl Orange (3.1 - 4.4)
To determine the composition, let's check the graph

Titration pH range
Phenolphthalein (8.3 - 10) Methyl Orange (3.1 - 4.4)
To determine the composition, let's check the graph

Average volume of HCl used during

the titration with phenolphthalein
= 10.24 mL

Titration pH range
Phenolphthalein (8.3 - 10) Methyl Orange (3.1 - 4.4)
To determine the composition, let's check the graph

Average volume of HCl used during

the titration with phenolphthalein
= 10.24 mL

10.24 mL

Titration pH range
Phenolphthalein (8.3 - 10) Methyl Orange (3.1 - 4.4)
To determine the composition, let's check the graph

Average volume of HCl used during

the titration with phenolphthalein
= 10.24 mL
Average volume of HCl used during
10.24 mL the titration with methyl orange

= 15.34 mL

Titration pH range
Phenolphthalein (8.3 - 10) Methyl Orange (3.1 - 4.4)
To determine the composition, let's check the graph

Average volume of HCl used during

the titration with phenolphthalein
= 10.24 mL
Average volume of HCl used during
10.24 mL the titration with methyl orange

= 15.34 mL

15.34 mL

Titration pH range
Phenolphthalein (8.3 - 10) Methyl Orange (3.1 - 4.4)
To determine the composition, let's check the graph

Take Note:
V(m.o) is measured from
the first endpoint, not
10.24 mL from the start of titration

15.34 mL
To determine the composition, let's check the graph

Take Note:
V(m.o) is measured from
the first endpoint, not
10.24 mL from the start of titration

15.34 mL
To determine the composition, let's check the graph

Take Note:
V(m.o) is measured from
the first endpoint, not
10.24 mL from the start of titration

15.34 mL

Since;
V(phth) < V(m.o)
Methyl Orange

Phenolphthalein
To determine the composition, let's check the graph

Take Note:
V(m.o) is measured from
the first endpoint, not
10.24 mL from the start of titration

15.34 mL

Since;
V(phth) < V(m.o)
V0 V1 Methyl Orange V2 V0 to V1 < V1 to V2
Phenolphthalein
 What are the
components found
in the sample?
SOdium Carbonate SOdium BiCarbonate
Given that, Vphth<VMO

Calculate the

concentration of each

component (sodium

hydroxide, sodium

carbonate, sodium

bicarbonate). Show your

calculations.
 culations
Cal
Can you
Determine whether the solution contains sodium

determine the
hydroxide, sodium carbonate, or sodium bicarbonate

exact contents
(volumes of each indicator’s end point)

of a mixture if it
- NaOH – Vphth

contains sodium
- Na2CO3 – Vphth & VM.O. (equal)

carbonate,
- NaHCO3 – VM.O.

sodium
Phenolphthalein end point contents: NaOH & Na2CO3

hydroxide, and Methyl orange end point contents: Na2CO3 & NaHCO3

sodium First end point (Na2CO3 or NaOH)

bicarbonate - If 0 to V1 > V1 to V2 – NaOH

using Warder - If 0 to V1 < V1 to V2 – Na2CO3

titration? Second end point (Na2CO3 or NaHCO3)

Explain your - 0 to V1 > V1 to V2 – Na2CO3

answer. - 0 to V1 < V1 to V2 – NaHCO3

DATA AND RESULTS
 You
!
k

n
a
hT

REFERENCES:
 emistry La
al Ch bo
tic ra
ly to
a ry
n
A

1 Chem 2
 CONCLUSION

Treat everyone with kindness and

respect, online and offline.
 A AND RESUL
AT TS
D ethyl oran
or m ge
f

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Initial Vol. of HCl 0 mL 0 mL 0 mL

Final Vol. of HCl

22.5 mL 22.4 mL 22.6 mL

Vol. of HCl used

22.5 mL 22.4 mL 22.6 mL

Average vol. 22.5 mL

 A AND RESUL
AT TS
D henolphtha
r p lei
o n
f

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Initial Vol. of HCl 0 mL 0 mL 0 mL

Final Vol. of HCl

17.4 mL 17.5 mL 17.3 mL

Vol. of HCl used

17.4 mL 17.5 mL 17.3 mL

Average vol. 17.4 mL