Student: Olvera Soledispa Genesis.

Course: 4-145

GRAMMAR PRACTICE

7A Present perfect with yet and 1 Complete the conversation with the words in the
already box.
We often use the present perfect with yet and already.
already yet
Have you been to the new café
yet? Yes, I’ve already been there. A Watching TV again? What
No, I haven’t been there yet. about your homework?
We use yet in negative sentences and questions to talk about something that B I’ve 1 already done it.
we expected to happen before now. Yet comes at the end of the sentence or A When did you do it?
question. B On the bus from school … so now I’m watching the
Have you written the report game.
yet? I haven’t finished it yet. A The game? Has it started 2 yet ?
B Yes! It just started, so you haven’t missed anything
We use already to talk about something that happened before now or earlier
3 yet .
than we expected. Already comes before the main verb.
A Great! Let me sit down. I want to watch this, too!
Do you want to go out for lunch?
No, thanks. I’ve already eaten. 2 Choose the correct words to complete the
sentences.
We sometimes use already in questions instead of yet. Already comes between
the auxiliary verb and the main verb or at the end of the question. Already 1 A I have to clean the kitchen tonight.
is usually stressed to show surprise. B Don’t worry. I've yet / already cleaned it this
week.
Have you already finished your science project? 2 A Has Flora passed her driving test yet /
We form the present perfect with the verb have and the past participle of the already?
main verb. For a full list of irregular verbs, See page 175. B Yes, and she only took five lessons!
3 A Can I speak to Julia, please?
B She was here a minute ago, but I think she's
yet / already left the office.
4 Teresa hasn’t booked her flight yet /
7.2 I / you / we / they he / she / it already. It will be very expensive!
5 A Should we watch Titanic tonight?
+ We’ve already heard the The bus has already left the
news. station. B Do we have to? I’ve yet / already seen it
- They haven’t found the keys He hasn’t paid the bill yet. about twenty times!
yet. 6 Have you used the new bike lane yet / already? It’s
? Have you been to the mall yet? Has she spoken to the police much safer.
yet? 7 A I think we need to fill up the tank with gas.
Y B It’s OK. I’ve yet / already been to the
Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. / Yes, she has. / No, she
Look! In American English we can also use yet and gas station today.
already with the simple past: 8 He only joined the company a year ago, and they’ve
We already gave him the papers. just / yet / already promoted him twice!
The supermarket didn't open yet. 3 Make sentences using yet, or
Did Helen already call you? already.
1 she / not pack / her suitcase (yet)

2 I / send you / a wedding invitation (already)

1. She hasn’t packed her suitcase yet.
2. I had already sent you a wedding invitation. 3 the game / start (already)
3. The game has already started.
4. Have you spoken to Charles yet.?
4 you / speak / to Charles? (yet)
5. I can’t buy a new apartament yet.
6. I have already had three cups of coffee today.
5 I / can't buy / a new apartment (yet)
2. I already sent you a wedding invitation.
6 I / have / three cups of coffee today (already)
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 G R A M M A R P R A C T IC E

7 C P r e s e n t p e r f e c t w it h fo r a n d s in c e
W e u s e t h e p r e s e n t p e r fe c t w ith fo r a n d s in c e to ta lk a b o u t a s it u a tio n th a t s ta r te d 1 P u t t h e t i m e s i n t h e b o x i n t h e c o r r e c t c o lu m n : f o r o r s i n c e .
in the past and is still true now.
H o w lo n g h a v e y o u liv e d in B r a z il ? N O T H o w lo n g a r e y o u liv in g in B r a z il? 1997 9:30 a.m. a couple of hours a few seconds
I’ve lived here all my life. NOT I’m living here all my life. a long time ages April five months
W e u s e s in c e to r e fe r to a fix e d p o in t in t im e in t h e p a s t w h e n t h e s it u a t io n s t a r te d . he was a child I finished college last night
most of my life my accident seventeen years
I’ve worked for this company since 2010.
several weeks the middle of June the weekend
I haven’t spoken to Fred since last summer.
three centuries Thursday
H a v e y o u k n o w n M a r k s in c e y o u w e r e a c h ild ?
For: a couple of hours, a few seconds, a long time,
We use for to referages, to the period of time the
five months, situation
most of myhas been
life, true.
seventeen years, fo r s in c e
J o s e p h h a s b e e n a t e aseveral
c h e r f o r t wweeks,
o m o n t h three
s. centuries.
1997 My accident
This computer hasn’tSince: worked for 1997,
years!9:30 a.m., April, he was a child, I finished 9:30 a.m. The middle of June
Has the building been college,
here forlast night,
a long my accident, the middle of June, the
time? April Thursday
weekend, Thursday. He was a child
W e u s e H o w lo n g … ? t o a s k a b o u t t h e le n g t h o f tim e a s it u a tio n h a s b e e n t r u e . I finished college

H o w lo n g h a v e y o u k n o w n y o u r b o y fr ie n d ?
W e ’v e k n o w n e a c h o t h e r s in c e la s t M a r c h . 2 W rite s e n te n c e s u s in g th e p r e s e n t p e rfe c t fo rm o f th e
How long has he been a doctor? v e r b s in p a r e n th e s e s . W r it e o n e s e n te n c e w ith fo r a n d o n e
He’s been a doctor for about two years. w ith s in c e .
W e f o r m t h e p r e s 2.
e n t p eI’ve
r f e c t had
w i t h t hmy
e v e rown
b h a v ecar
a n d for
t h e pfour
a s t p ayears.
r tic ip le o f th e m a in 1 I m o v e d t o I s ta n b u l in t h e m id d le o f J u ly . I t ’s th e m id d le o f
I’ve had my
verb. For a complete list of irregular verbs, see page 175. own car since I was 19. D e c e m b e r n o w . ( liv e )
3. I haven’t been on an airplane for six months. I’ve lived in Istanbul for five months.
7.12 I / y o u /I whaven’te / t h e ybeen on an h e airplane
/ s h e / i t since August. I’ve lived in Istanbul since the middle of July.
I’ve4. livedI’vein thisknown
part of the my citybestS afriend
m ’ s h a d for
t h i s c17
a r f oyears.
r o v e r 2 0 y e a rs . 2 I b o u g h t m y o w n c a r w h e n I w a s 1 9 . I’m 2 3 n o w . ( h a v e )
+ for two years. I’ve known my bestIt’sfriend been much sincehotter I was sincefive.last I have had my own car for.
T h e 5.
y ’ v e wI ohaven’t
r k e d t o g e studied
t h e r s i n c e English
weekend. for ages. Since I was 19.
1990. I haven’t studied English since 2005. 3 T h e la s t t im e I w a s o n a n a i r p la n e w a s in A u g u s t . T h a t w a s
W e h a v e n ’ t s p o k e n to e a c h o th e r Is a b e lla h a s n ’ t w o r n h e r g la s s e s s ix m o n t h s a g o . ( n o t b e )
fo r a y e a r. for a long time. I haven’t been on an airplane for six monts.
- Since august.
I h a v e n ’ t g o n e s w im m in g in th e H e h a s n ’ t d r iv e n a c a r s in c e h e h a d
ocean since I was a child. the accident. 4 I m e t m y b e s t fr ie n d w h e n I w a s fiv e . I’m 2 2 n o w . ( k n o w )

? How long have you known her? How long has he been a teacher? I haven’t an best friend for 17 years.
Since I was five.

P r e s e n t p e r f e c t o r s im p le p a s t
W e u s e th e s im p le p a s t to t a lk a b o u t c o m p le te d a c tio n s in th e p a s t. W e c a n o f te n g iv e
the same information in two different ways.
a p e r io d o f t im e /
a n u n fin is h e d a c tio n
I’ve lived in Uruguay for ten years.
J o h a s k n o w n m e s in c e I w a s 1 6 y e a r s o ld .
How long have you worked here?
I h a v e n ’t e a t e n m e a t s in c e 2 0 1 0 .
W e u s e t h e s im p le p a s t to ta lk a b o u t a tim e p e r io d th a t s ta r te d a n d fin is h e d in th e p a s t.
B o liv ia
1980 1985 1990 1995
How long did you live in Bolivia?
I lived there for ten years.
I lived there from 1980 to 1990.
= I d o n ’t liv e th e r e n o w .
5 I g a v e u p E n g lis h in 2 0 0 5 . T h a t w a s a g e s a g o . ( n o t s t u d y )
I haven’t student English for eyes.
Since 2005.
a p o in t in th e p a s t / 3 C h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t fo r m o f th e v e r b s t o c o m p le te th e
a c o m p le t e d a c t io n sentences.
I moved to Uruguay ten years ago. 1 H e d id n ’t s p e a k / h a s n ’t s p o k e n to h is m o m s in c e h e g o t
J o m e t m e w h e n I w a s 1 6 y e a r s o ld . b a c k / ’s g o t te n b a c k fr o m h is v a c a t io n .
When did you start working here? 2 I b o u g h t / ’v e b o u g h t t h is c a r in 2 0 0 7 , s o I ’ m h a v in g / ’v e
I gave up meat in 2010. h a d it f o r m o r e th a n t e n y e a r s n o w .
3 I ’m a s a l e s m a n a g e r a n d I w o r k e d / ’v e w o r k e d in t h i s
d e p a r tm e n t fo r tw o y e a r s . B e fo r e th a t, I w o r k e d / ’v e
w o r k e d in m a r k e tin g fr o m 2 0 1 2 to 2 0 1 5 .
M e x ic o
4 W e k n e w / ’v e k n o w n e a c h o t h e r f o r a b o u t t e n y e a r s , in
Now f a c t, s in c e w e m e t / ’v e m e t in c o lle g e .
2000 2005 2010 2015 5 I w a s / ’v e b e e n w o r r ie d a b o u t F r a n k s in c e h e lo s t / ’s lo s t
h is jo b .
How long have you lived in Chile?
6 H e lo s t / ’s lo s t h is p h o n e th is m o r n in g , s o I ’m n o t
I ’v e liv e d h e r e f o r a lm o s t t e n y e a r s .
s p e a k in g / h a v e n ’t s p o k e n t o h im fo r a fe w h o u r s n o w .
I’ve lived here since 2010.
= I liv e h e r e n o w . 7 I liv e d / ’v e liv e d in C h ic a g o f o r tw o y e a r s , b u t t h e n I
m o v e d / ’v e m o v e d t o W a s h i n g t o n D . C . , a n d I li v e d / ’ v e
liv e d h e r e s in c e t h e n .
8 T h e ir w e d d i n g w a s / h a s b e e n in M a y , s o t h e y a r e / ’v e
b e e n m a r r ie d fo r n e a r ly s ix m o n th s n o w .
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