KASTURBA GANDHI NURSING COLLEGE

SRI BALAJI VIDYAPEETH, SBV CAMPUS

Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry- 607 403

PSYCHOEDUCATION
ON
PROMOTION OF SELF ESTEEM
SUBMITTED TO, SUBMITTED BY,
MRS. PRABAVATHY S MR. BALAJI. K
HEAD OF DEPARTMENT I YEAR
DEPT.OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSING MSc NURSING
KGNC KGNC
SUBMITTED ON
NAME OF THE EVALUATOR :MRS. PRABAVATHY S

NAME OF STUDENT TEACHER: MR. BALAJI. K

COURSE : M.Sc NURSING

SUBJECT : MENTAL HEALTH NURSING

CLASS : I YEAR

TOPIC : SLEEP HYGIENE

DURATION : 45 MINUTES
GENERAL OBJECTIVES

At the end of the psycho education patient will be able to gain knowledge to promote their self esteem and app their skills in their daily
living.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

The patient will be able to,

 define self esteem

 explain about factors influencing self esteem
 enumerate the importance of self esteem
 describe about Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
 listout the points of promotion of self esteem
S. TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHER’S LEARNER’S A.V AIDS EVALUATION
N OBJECTIVE ACTIVITY ACTIVITY
O
1 5 min define self INTRODUCTION Discussing Active listening Banner What is self esteem?
esteem Self-esteem is a central construct in
clinical, developmental, personality, and
social psychology, and its role in
psychological functioning has been
studied for nearly a century. Self esteem
significance is often exaggerated to the
extent that low self-esteem is viewed as
the cause of all evil and high self-esteem
as the cause of all good In a similar vein,
Hewitt (2002) stated that the conventional
approach to self-esteem has spawned a
research literature of such magnitude and
richness that it is impossible to
summarize. Therefore, the aim of the
present chapter was to highlight the main
topics in the self-esteem huge literature.
Everyone, must love himself or herself
above or at least in equal measure to any
 other person or thing. This would explain
the golden rule found in most religions, to
“love others as you love yourself”. The
coincidence among different cultures and
religions regarding this essential bit of
wisdom, to treat and love others, as you
would have them treat and love you, is
nevertheless surprising
DEFINITION
SELF ESTEEM:
Self-esteem refers to a person’s overall
sense of his or her value or worth. It can
be considered a sort of measure of how
much a person “values, approves of,
appreciates, prizes, or likes him or
herself” (Adler & Stewart, 2004).
According to self-esteem expert Morris
Rosenberg, self-esteem is quite simply
one’s attitude toward oneself (1965). He
described it as a “favourable or
unfavourable attitude toward the self”.
2 10 min Explain the FACTORS INFLUENCING SELF Explaining Listening Banner What is sleep wake
 factors ESTEEM cycle?
influencing Various factors believed to influence
self esteem our self-esteem include:

 Genetics
 Personality
 Life experiences
 Age
 Health
 Thoughts
 Social circumstances
 The reactions of others
 Comparing the self to others

An important note is that self-esteem is

not fixed. It is malleable and
measurable, meaning we can test for
and improve upon it

3 5 min Enumerate the IMPORTANCE OF SELF ESTEEM Discussing Answering Banner List down few causes
importance of  Self-esteem refers to a person's beliefs of poor sleep.
about their own worth and value. It
self esteem
also has to do with the feelings people
experience that follow from their
sense of worthiness or unworthiness.
 Self-esteem is important because it
heavily influences people's choices
 and decisions.
 In other words, self-esteem serves a
motivational function by making it
more or less likely that people will
take care of themselves and explore
their full potential.
 People with high self-esteem are also
people who are motivated to take care
of themselves and to persistently
strive towards the fulfillment of
personal goals and aspirations.
 People with lower self-esteem don't
tend to regard themselves as worthy
of happy outcomes or capable of
achieving them and so tend to let
important things slide and to be less
persistent and resilient in terms of
overcoming adversity. They may have
the same kinds of goals as people with
higher self-esteem, but they are
generally less motivated to pursue
them to their conclusion.
 Self-esteem is a somewhat abstract
concept; it's hard for someone who
doesn't already have it to know what it
would be like to have it.
 One way for people who have lower
self-esteem to begin to appreciate
what it would be like to have higher
self-esteem is to consider how they
may feel about things in their lives
that they value.
  For instance, some people really like
cars. Because cars are important to
them, these people take really good
care of their cars. They make good
decisions about where to park the car,
how often to get it serviced, and how
they will drive it. They may decorate
the car and then show it off to other
people with pride.
 Self-esteem is like that, except it is
yourself that you love, care for and
feel proud of. When children believe
they are valuable and important, they
take good care of themselves. They
make good decisions about
themselves which enhance their value
rather than break it down

4 10 min Describe the MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF Explaining Listening Banner Describe the Maslow’s
Maslow’s NEEDS hierarchy of needs?
hierarchy of According to human psychologist
needs Abraham Maslow, our actions are
motivated in order to achieve certain
needs. His hierarchy suggests that people
are motivated to fulfil basic needs before
moving on to other, more advanced
needs. People need to satisfy their most
important needs first, then when they
achieved this, they can move onto the
next important need. Maslow first
introduced his theory of hierarchy in his
1943 paper “A Theory of Human
Motivation” and his subsequent book
“Motivation and Personality”.
1. The First Stage of the Hierarchy –
The Physiological Stage The first
stage of the hierarchy is the
physiological stage – the stage
required to sustain life. It includes
breathing, excretion and the desire for
food, water, sex, sleep and
homeostasis. These are considered to
be the ‘basic’ needs of human life.
Maslow’s theory suggests that if these
fundamental needs are not satisfied
the one must surely be motivated to
satisfy them. Higher needs are not
recognised until these ‘basic’ needs
have been satisfied
2. The Second Stage of the Hierarchy –
The Safety Stage Once physiological
needs have been met, attention and
desire turns to safety and security, in
order to be free from the threat of
psychological and physical harm.
Such needs may be fulfilled by: •
Living in a safe area • Financial
reserves • Job security • Good health
According to Maslow’s theory, you
can not move up the pyramid to the
next stages if you feel threatened.
Once the threat has been addressed,
one can then move up the pyramid.
3. The Third Stage of the Hierarchy –
The Love/Belonging Stage Once a
person has met the lower
physiological and safety needs, the
higher needs can be addressed. This
begins with the love/belonging stage,
which can also be referred to as the
‘social needs stage’. These are the
 needs related with interaction and can
include family, friendship and sexual
intimacy.
4. The Fourth Stage of Hierarchy – The
Esteem Stage Once a person feels
like they belong, the need to be
important can arise. Esteem needs can
be classified as external or internal.
Internal esteem needs are related to
self-esteem, such as the need to
respect yourself and achieve. External
esteem needs are those such as social
status, reputation and recognition.
5. The Fifth Stage of Hierarchy – The
Self-Actualization Stage Self-
actualization is the summit of
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. It can
be defined as the quest of reaching
your full potential. Unlike some of the
lower needs, this need is never fully
satisfied due to the fact that people
can ‘grow’ and change and continue
 to challenge themselves. People in
this stage tend to have needs such as:
morality, creativity, spontaneity,
problem solving, lack of prejudice,
acceptance of facts, truth, justice,
wisdom and meaning

5 15 min Points to POINTS TO PROMOTION OF SELF Explaining and Listening and Banner Tell any few tip to
promotion of ESTEEM discussing answering improve sleep hygiene.
self esteem 1. Get regular.
One of the best ways to train body to
sleep well is to go to bed and get up at
more or less the same time every day,
even on weekends and days off. This
regular rhythm will make feel better and
will give body something to work from.

2. Sleep when sleepy

Only try to sleep when actually feeling
tired or sleepy, rather than spending too
much time awake in bed.
3. Get up & try again
When not able to get to sleep after about
20 minutes or more, get up and do
something calming or boring until feeling
sleepy, then return to bed and try again.
Sit quietly on the couch with the lights off
(bright light will tell brain that it is time
to wake up), or read something boring
like the phone book. Avoid doing
anything that is too stimulating or
interesting, as this will wake a person up
even more.
4. Avoid caffeine & nicotine
It is best to avoid consuming any caffeine
(in coffee, tea, cola drinks, chocolate, and
some medications) or nicotine (cigarettes)
for at least 4-6 hours before going to bed.
These substances act as stimulants and
interfere with the ability to fall asleep
5. Avoid alcohol
It is also best to avoid alcohol for at least
4-6 hours before going to bed. Many
people believe that alcohol is relaxing and
helps them to get to sleep at first, but it
actually interrupts the quality of sleep.
6. Bed is for sleeping.
Try not to use bed for anything other than
sleeping and sex, so that body comes to
associate bed with sleep. Using bed as a
place to watch TV, eat, read, work on
laptop, pay bills, and other things, body
will not learn this connection.
7. No naps.
It is best to avoid taking naps during the
day, to make sure that a person is tired at
bedtime. If a person can’t make it through
the day without a nap, he or she must
make sure it is for less than an hour and
before 3pm.
8. Sleep rituals
One can develop one’s own rituals of
things to remind their body that it is time
to sleep because some people find it
useful to do relaxing stretches or
breathing exercises for 15 minutes before
bed each night, or sit calmly with a cup of
caffeine-free tea.
9. Bathtime
Having a hot bath 1-2 hours before
bedtime can be useful, as it will raise
body temperature, causing to feel sleepy
as body temperature drops again.
Research shows that sleepiness is
associated with a drop in body
temperature.
10. No clock-watching
Many people who struggle with sleep
tend to watch the clock too much.
Frequently checking the clock during the
night can wake a person up (especially if
he or she turn on the light to read the
time) and reinforces negative thoughts
such as “Oh no, look how late it is, I’ll
never get to sleep” or “it’s so early, I have
only slept for 5 hours, this is terrible.”
11. Use a sleep diary
This worksheet can be a useful way of
making sure a person have the right facts
about sleep, rather than making
assumptions. Because a diary involves
watching the clock, it is a good idea to
only use it for two weeks to get an idea of
what is going and then perhaps two
months down the track to see how
progressing it is.
12. Exercise
Regular exercise is a good idea to help
with good sleep, but try not to do
strenuous exercise in the 4 hours before
bedtime. Morning walks are a great way
to start the day feeling refreshed
13. Eat right
A healthy, balanced diet will help to sleep
well, but timing is important. Some
people find that a very empty stomach at
bedtime is distracting, so it can be useful
 to have a light snack, but a heavy meal
soon before bed can also interrupt sleep.
Some people recommend a warm glass of
milk, which contains tryptophan, which
acts as a natural sleep inducer.
14. The right space
It is very important that the bed and
bedroom are quiet and comfortable for
sleeping. A cooler room with enough
blankets to stay warm is best, and make
sure curtains or an eyemask to block out
early morning light and earplugs if there
is noise outside room.
15. Keep daytime routine the same
In case of a bad night sleep and the
person is tired it is important that to keep
daytime activities the same as planned.
This can reinforce the insomnia.

SUMMARY
 The patient understood, gained adequate knowledge, developed good attitude and skills regarding good sleep hygiene. At the whole I
have discussed about sleep, sleep hygiene, circadian rhythm, causes of poor sleep, importance of sleep hygiene and techniques to promote good
sleep hygiene.
CONCLUSION
It is necessary for each and every human being to have good sleep and proper sleep wake cycle to be maintained for the promotion,
restoration and maintenance of good physical as well as mental health.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 KAPLAN AND SADOCKS SYNOPSIS OF PSYCHIATRY BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCE AND CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY 11 TH
EDITION, WOLTERS KLUWER PUBLICATION
 MARY C.TOWNSEND “ PSYCHIATRIC MENTAL HEALTH NURSING CONCEPTS OF CARE IN EVIDENCED BASED
PRACTICE” 8TH EDITION PUBLISHED BY JAYPEE BROTHERS
 D ELLAKUVANA BHASKARA RAJ “TEXTBOOK OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING” PUBLISHED 1 ST EDITION 2014 BY EMMESS
PUBLISHERS
 https://www.habitrehab.co.nz/rehabilitation-articles/the-importance-of-sleep-hygiene
 https://www.slideshare.net/IanDetamore/sleep-hygiene-49271805
 https://www.slideshare.net/101N/sleep-hygiene-62324953
 https://www.slideshare.net/helenlr98/sleep-hygiene-38262172