The gate valve, also known as a sluice valve, is a valve that opens by lifting a round or rectangular

gate/wedge out of the path of the fluid. The distinct feature of a gate valve is the sealing surfaces between the
gate and seats are planar, so gate valves are often used when a straight-line flow of fluid and minimum restriction
is desired. The gate faces can form a wedge shape or they can be parallel. Gate valves are primarily used to
permit or prevent the flow of liquids, but typical gate valves shouldn't be used for regulating flow, unless they are
specifically designed for that purpose. Because of their ability to cut through liquids, gate valves are often used in
the petroleum industry. For extremely thick fluids, a specialty valve often known as a knife valve is used to cut
[1]
through the liquid. On opening the gate valve, the flow path is enlarged in a highly nonlinear manner with
respect to percent of opening. This means that flow rate does not change evenly with stem travel. Also, a partially
open gate disk tends to vibrate from the fluid flow. Most of the flow change occurs near shutoff with a relatively
high fluid velocity causing disk and seat wear and eventual leakage if used to regulate flow. Typical gate valves
[2]
are designed to be fully opened or closed. When fully open, the typical gate valve has no obstruction in the flow
[3]
path, resulting in very low friction loss.

Gate valves are characterised as having either a rising or a nonrising stem. Rising stems provide a visual
indication of valve position because the stem is attached to the gate such that the gate and stem rise and lower
together as the valve is operated. Nonrising stem valves may have a pointer threaded onto the upper end of the
stem to indicate valve position, since the gate travels up or down the stem on the threads without raising or
lowering the stem. Nonrising stems are used underground or where vertical space is limited.
  

                             
 
 
 
 

     
 
 

       
 
  
A butterfly valve is a valve which can be used for isolating or regulating flow.
The closing mechanism takes the form of a disk. Operation allows for quick shut off.
Butterfly valves are generally favored because they are lower in cost to other valve
designs as well as being lighter in weight, meaning less support is required. The disc
is positioned in the center of the pipe, passing through the disc is a rod connected to
an actuator on the outside of the valve. Rotating the actuator turns the disc either
parallel or perpendicular to the flow. Unlike a ball valve, the disc is always present
within the flow, therefore a pressure drop is always induced in the flow, regardless of
valve position.

A butterfly valve is from a family of valves called quarter-turn valves. The "butterfly"
is ametal disc mounted on a rod. When the valve is closed, the disc is turned so that
it completely blocks off the passageway. When the valve is fully open, the disc is rotated a quarter turn so that it
allows an almost unrestricted passage of the fluid. The valve may also be opened incrementally to throttle flow.

There are different kinds of butterfly valves, each adapted for different pressures and different usage. The
resilient butterfly valve, which uses the flexibility of rubber, has the lowest pressure rating. The high performance
butterfly valve, used in slightly higher-pressure systems, features a slight offset in the way the disc is positioned,
which increases the valve's sealing ability and decreases its tendency to wear. The valve best suited for high-
[clarification needed]
pressure systems is the triple offset butterfly valve, which makes use of a metal seat, and is
therefore able to withstand a greater amount of pressure
                      
A ball valve is a valve with a spherical disc, the part of the valve which controls the flow through it. The sphere
has a hole, or port, through the middle so that when the port is in line with both ends of the valve, flow will occur.
When the valve is closed, the hole is perpendicular to the ends of the valve, and flow is blocked. The handle or
lever will be inline with the port position letting you "see" the valve's position. The ball valve, along with
the butterfly valve and plug valve, are part of the family of quarter turn valves.

Ball valves are durable and usually work to achieve perfect shutoff even after years of disuse. They are therefore
an excellent choice for shutoff applications (and are often preferred to globe valves and gate valves for this
purpose). They do not offer the fine control that may be necessary in throttling applications but are sometimes
used for this purpose.

                           
 

                                       
   

                       
   
  
A globe valve, different from ball valve, is a type of valve used for
regulating flowin a pipeline, consisting of a movable disk-type element and a
[1]
stationary ring seat in a generally spherical body. Globe valves are named for
their spherical body shape with the two halves of thebody being separated by
an internal baffle. This has an opening that forms a seatonto which a
[2]
movable plug can be screwed in to close (or shut) the valve. The plug is also
[3][4]
called a disc or disk. In globe valves, the plug is connected to astem which is
operated by screw action using a handwheel in manual valves. Typically,
automated globe valves use smooth stems rather than threaded and are opened and closed by
an actuator assembly
 

 
 

                     
 
 
 
 
                                
 
Plug valves are valves with cylindrical or conically tapered "plugs" which can be
rotated inside the valve body to control flow through the valve. The plugs in plug
valves have one or more hollow passageways going sideways through the plug, so
that fluid can flow through the plug when the valve is open. Plug valves are simple
and often economical.

                                                 
 

 
 
 
A check valve, clack valve, non-return valve or one-way valve is
a valve that normally allowsfluid (liquid or gas) to flow through it in only
one direction.

Check valves are two-port valves, meaning they have two openings in
the body, one for fluid to enter and the other for fluid to leave. There
are various types of check valves used in a wide variety of applications.
Check valves are often part of common household items. Although
they are available in a wide range of sizes and costs, check valves
generally are very small, simple, or inexpensive. Check valves work automatically and most are not controlled by
a person or any external control; accordingly, most do not have any valve handle or stem. The bodies (external
shells) of most check valves are made of plastic or metal.

An important concept in check valves is the cracking pressure which is the minimum upstream pressure at which
the valve will operate. Typically the check valve is designed for and can therefore be specified for a specific
cracking pressure.
A swing check valve or tilting disc check valve is check valve in which the disc, the movable part to block the
flow, swings on a hinge or trunnion, either onto the seat to block reverse flow or off the seat to allow forward flow.
The seat opening cross-section may be perpendicular to the centerline between the two ports or at an angle.
Although swing check valves can come in various sizes, large check valves are often swing check valves.

A ball check valve is a check valve in which the closing member, the movable part to block the flow, is a
spherical ball. In some ball check valves, the ball is spring-loaded to help keep it shut. For those designs without
a spring, reverse flow is required to move the ball toward the seat and create a seal. The interior surface of the
main seats of ball check valves are more or less conically-tapered to guide the ball into the seat and form a
positive seal when stopping reverse flow.
Air Valve, untuk memasukkan udara atau mengeluarkan udara