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Department of Education - Division of Palawan
Department of Education - Division of Palawan
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Science – Grade 10
Contextualized Self-Learning Module
Quarter 3 – Module 5: Evidence for Evolution
First Edition, 2021
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Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each
lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better
understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer
the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each
activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how
they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests.
And read the instructions carefully before performing each task
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
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Science 10
Third Quarter Evidence for Evolution
Week 5
What I Know
Let us find out how much you already know about this module. After
taking and checking this short test, take note of the items that you were not
able to answer correctly and look for the right answer as you go through this
module.
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3. Homologous organs or structures have
_________________________________.
a. same origin but different functions
b. different origin but same functions
c. same origin and same functions
d. different origin and different functions
7. Some organisms that share common ancestor have features that have
different functions, but similar features. These are known as
_____________.
a. Vestigial structures
b. Homologous structures
c. Analogous structures
d. Fossil structures
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10. Fossil records provide evidence of ____________________.
a. Evolution
b. Population
c. Photosynthesis
d. None of these
What is It
You know that some organisms are no longer existing today. you may
be curious why some of the animals that are present before are no longer
existing today. This extinction was instigated by various phenomenon,
environmental factors, and human activities.
By learning through this module, you will have an idea how fossil records,
comparative anatomy, and genetic information provide evidence for
evolution. Likewise, it is anticipated that you will give value to the origin of life,
make sure to protect the living things and its environment to ensure the survival
and conservation of species.
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_____11. The first land animals with backbones evolved.
_____12. Modern human appeared.
Truly, there is so much in the Earth’s Geologic Time. Good job! You were
able to identify significant events in the origin of Earth and its organisms.
Directions: Fill in the data table to show how long in millions of years each Era
has lasted. Choose your answer on the box provided. Afterwards, create a pie
chart to show the percentage of time each Era of Geologic time.
Based on the data presented in the table above, create a pie chart to
show the percentage of time in each Era of Geologic time.
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As you have answered the previous activities, you have learned about
the significant events that happened in the geologic time. Why is it important
for you to learn this? How is this related to evolution? Why is it vital to understand
the evolution and the evidence? All these questions will be answered as we
go through this lesson. Hoping that you can grasp all the needed skills, values,
and concepts after this module. Have fun and enjoy learning!
Theories
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Sources of Evidence for Evolution
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Homologous structures have a common origin, but do not necessarily
perform the same function (MBUSD Org 2009). If two or more species share
a unique physical feature, such as a complex bone structure or a body
plan, they may all have inherited this feature from a common ancestor. This
is physical features shared due to evolutionary history (Khan Academy,
n.d.).
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Bat
Bird
The basic idea behind this is that two species have the "same" gene”
because they inherited it from a common ancestor. For instance, humans,
cows, chickens, and chimpanzees all have a gene that encodes the
hormone insulin, because this gene was already present in their last
common ancestor.
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What I Can Do
Directions: Examine the images given below. These are skeletal structure of the
front limbs of 6 animals: human, crocodile, whale, cat, bird, and bat. Look at it
closer. Take note of the similarities and differences. Afterwards, take note what
is being ask in the given table below the images. Write your answer on a
separate paper.
For each animal, indicate what type of movement each limb is responsible
for.
Cat 3.
Bird 4.
Bat 5.
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Compare the skeletal structure of each limb to the human arm. Relate the
differences you see in form the differences in function.
Table 2. Comparison of Human Arm Form and its Function to other Animals
Comparison to Comparison to
Animal
Human Arm in Form Human Arm in Function
Whale has a much shorter and The whale fin needs to be longer
thicker humerus, radius, and to help in movement through
Whale ulna. Much longer metacarpals. water. Thumbs are not
Thumb has been shortened to a necessary as the fins are not
stub. used for grasping
1. ___________________________ 2. ___________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
Crocodile
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
3. ___________________________ 4. ___________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
Cat
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
5. ___________________________ 6. ___________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
Bird
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
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7. ___________________________ 8. ___________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
Bat
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
Directions: Read and analyze the following situations below. Categorize each
if it tells about homologous or analogous structure. Write HS if the situation and
structure belong to homologous and AS if they are analogous. Afterwards,
answer the follow up question given in each situation.
Situation A.
A duck and a platypus are similar in that they both lay eggs.
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Situation B.
Humans, Chimpanzees, and Gorillas all have similar hand structures.
Situation C
Monarch and Blue Morpho Butterflies have similar wings.
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Situation D
The wings of a bat and the wings of a butterfly are similar in that they
both allow the organisms to fly.
What’s More
Directions: Now that you have learned about the evidence for evolution, it is
time to share your thoughts about the quotation below. How important is it to
understand the origin of life? Relate your understanding to the given quotation
below. Write your thoughts on the space provided.
“It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most
intelligent that survives. It is the one that is most adaptable to change.”
- Charles Darwin
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_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________.
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What I Have Learned
Think deeply and share us your thoughts about everything you have
learned in this lesson.
Activity 7. Fill Me
Directions: Complete the illustration below by filling the empty bucket. Write
the salient points you have learned in this lesson.
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
__________________________________________
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Assessment
Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is the strongest evidence for change over a long
period of time?
a. DNA c. embryo studies
b. Fossils d. direct observation of living species
5. Which of the following would best determine whether two plant species
share a recent common ancestor?
a. DNA sequence
b. Habitat distribution
c. Stem lengths
d. Flowering times
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6. How do fossils support evolution?
a. Individual species disappear and reappear in the fossil record over
time.
b. The fossil record provides evidence that all organisms developed at
the same time.
c. Organism in the fossil records are identical to living organisms.
d. The fossil record provides evidence that organism have changed
over time.
9. During the 1800’s and 1900’s a lot changed in evolutionary theory. Which
of the following was first theory to be generally accepted by the
academic community?
a. Mutations occur during DNA replication.
b. The Earth and species change over time.
c. Genes code for proteins.
d. Uniformitarianism.
10. Charles Darwin was best known in the 19th century for:
a. Creating the idea of evolution
b. Formulating the idea of uniformitarianism
c. Making the idea of evolution acceptance for scientists and the
educated general public
d. All of the above
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What I Know Activity 2
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1. B 1. 66 mya 1. A
2. B 2. 185 mya 2. A
3. A 3. 291 mya 3. A
4. A 4. 4058 mya 4. B
5. A 5. A
6. C 6. D
7. B 7. B
8. A 8. D
9. C 9. B
10. A 10. C
What is It
Activity 1
1. 1
2. 3
3. 5 Activity 3 - Learners’ answer may vary.
4. 7
5. 11 Activity 4
6. 2
7. 4 A.
8. 6 1. AS
9. 8 2. No, one is a bird, and one is a mammal.
10. 10 B.
11. 9 1. HS
12. 12 2. Yes, both are mammals.
C.
1. HS
2. Yes, both are insects.
D.
1. AS
2. No – Bats are mammals, butterflies are insects.
Activity 5- Learners’ answer may vary.
Activity 6
1. FR
2. FR
3. CA
4. CA
5. GI
Activity 7- Learners’ answer may vary.
Answer Key
References
Khan Academy. “About Evidence for Evolution.” Accessed April 07, 2021.
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/her/evolution-
and-natural-selection/a/lines-of-evidence
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