S1) What is unethical communication??

 Communication used to undermine relationships or encourage social immorality

is unethical communication. The exact definitions of these depend on the ethics
system of your culture, but most people agree that ethical communication builds positive
relationships, while unethical communication impairs them.

1. Misusing company time

Whether it is covering for someone who shows up late or altering a time

sheet, misusing company time tops the list. This category includes
knowing that one of your co-workers is conducting personal business on
company time. By "personal business" the survey recognizes the
difference between making cold calls to advance your freelance business
and calling your spouse to find out how your sick child is doing.

2. Abusive behavior

Too many workplaces are filled with managers and supervisors who use
their position and power to mistreat or disrespect others. Unfortunately,
unless the situation you're in involves race, gender or ethnic origin,
there is often no legal protection against abusive behavior in the
workplace.

4. Lying to employees

The fastest way to lose the trust of your employees is to lie to them, yet
employers do it all the time. One of out every five employees report that
their manager or supervisor has lied to them within the past year.
BQ.1)The communication process refers to the steps through which
communication takes place between the sender and the receiver. This
procedure starts with conceptualizing an idea or message via way of means
of the sender and ends with the feedback from the receiver. In details,
communication process consists of the following six steps:

1. Developing idea by the sender: In the first step, the communicator

develops or conceptualizes an idea to be sent. It is also known as the
planning stage since on this stage the communicator plans the subject
matter of communication.

2. Encoding: Encoding means converting or translation the idea right into a

perceivable shape that may be communicated to others.

3. Transmission of message: After encoding the sender gets a message

that can be transmitted to the receiver. The message may be oral, written,
symbolic or nonverbal. For example, whilst humans talk, speech is the
message; whilst people write a letter, the words and sentences are the
message; whilst people cries, the crying is the message. Medium is the
channel or means of transmitting the message to the receiver. Once the
sender has encoded his into a message, the subsequent step is to select a
suitable medium for transmitting it to the receiver. The medium of verbal
exchange may be speaking, writing, signaling, gesturing etc.

4. Receiving the message by receiver: This stage simply involves the

reception of sender’s message by the receiver. The message may be received
in the form of hearing, seeing, feeling and so on.

5. Decoding: Decoding is the receiver’s interpretation of the sender’s

message. Here the receiver converts the message into thoughts and tries to
research and understand it. Effective communication can arise only when
each the sender and the receiver assign the same or comparable meanings
to the message.

6. Feedback: The very last step of communication process is feedback.

Feedback means receiver’s response to sender’s message. It increases the
effectiveness of communication. It ensures that the receiver has effectively
understood the message. Feedback is the essence of two-way
communication.

SQ.3) Ethnocentrism : Ethnocentrism is perceiving one's own cultural beliefs

and customs as superior to those of others. In communication, an attitude of
ethnocentrism makes people from other cultures feel that you do not value them. When
a person feels devalued or invalidated, they tend to shut down. Thus, communication is
unproductive and/or even counterproductive.
Stereotype: Stereotypes differ from ethnocentrism because they are neither positive
nor negative .A stereotype is an over simplified belief about a culture or specific group of
people. While some stereotypes can be negative, a pure stereotype is typically not
intended to be hurtful.

High context culture:High-context cultures are those in which the rules of

communication are primarily transmitted through the use of contextual elements
(i.e., body language, a person's status, and tone of voice) and are not explicitly
stated.

high-context culture such as South Korea or Taiwan, people rely less on verbal
communication and more on the context of nonverbal actions and environ
mental setting to convey meaning. A Chinese speaker expects the audience to
discover the

Low context culture: A low-context culture as a culture that communicates

information in a direct manner that relies mainly on words. Low-context cultures
do not rely on contextual elements (i.e., the speaker's tone of voice or body
language) to communicate information.

low-context culture such as the United States or Germany, people rely more on
verbal communication and less on circumstances and cues to convey meaning.
An English speaker feels responsible for transmitting the meaning of the message
and often places sentences in chronological sequence to establish a cause-and-
effect pattern. 1 In low-context cultures, rules and expectations are usually
spelled out through explicit statements such as "Please wait until I'm finished" or
"You're welcome to browse. 17 Contextual differences are apparent in the way
cultures approach problem solving. negotiations, and decision making. For
example, in lower-context cultures such as Germany, businesspeople want to
make decisions as quickly and efficiently as possible, However, in higher-context
cultures such as Greece, businesspeople consider it a mark of good faith to spend
time on each little point before reaching a decision.
Chp2

Sq.a)There are many instances in life that may have called

for teamwork. At the same time, on some other occasions, it is
the choice of the person to opt for teamwork or to work
individually.

Both have their own positive and negative points.

Advantages:

 Teamwork helps in increasing collaboration and has a scope

for brainstorming, which results in getting more ideas.
Therefore you can see a growth in productivity.
 To solve complex problems and to complete difficult tasks,
the team works better than an individual.
 You can improve your skills while working in a team, as a
team will be having people with different skills and abilities.
 Teamwork helps you improve your communication skill.

Disadvantages

 While working in a team, conflicts might occur in case when

one person works less than the other.
 When working as a team, a lot of meetings need to be
scheduled. But in case if not handled properly can result in
loss of time and decreases the efficiency of the team.
 Decision-making  process will be prolonged and delayed.
sq:b) Encourage Participation
The best meetings are those in which everyone participates, so don't let one or
two people dominate your meeting while others doodle on their notepads. To
draw out the shy types. Don't ask for their Input on issues that particularly pertain
to them. You might say something the meet like, "Roberto, you've done a lot of
work in this area. What do you think?" For the overly talkative, simply ay that time
is limited and others need to be heard from. As you move through your agenda,
stop at the end of each item, summarize what you understand to be the feelings
of the group, and state the important points made during the discussion If you're
a meeting participant, try to contribute to both the subject of the meeting and
the smooth interaction of the participants. Use your listening skills and powers of
observation to site up the interpersonal dynamics of the people, then adapt your
behavior ior to help the group achieve its goals. Speak up if you have something
useful to say, but don't monopolize the discussion.

CHP3

SQ: a) Which medium is the richer? Why?

Various media offer various levels of feedback. The more possible,the richer the
medium. Face-to-face conversation is richest because it provides immediate and
nonverbal feedback.

sq.b) What questions need to be asked in order to define your purpose?

All business messages have a general purpose to inform,to persude ,or to collaborate with
your audience. Business message also have a specific purpose. to help you define the
specific purpose of your message ,ask yourself what you hope to accomplish with your
message and what your audience should do or think after receiving your message. Before
proceeding consider whether your purpose is worth pursuing at this time. Ask yourself
these questions.
1. Is my purpose realistic?
2. Is this the right time?
3. Is the right person delivering this message?
4. Is my purpose acceptable to the organization?
Once you are satisfied that you have a legitimate purpose in communicating , take
a good look at your intended audience.

3.c) There are two reasons why you need to have a clear message about what you
are offering:
You need it to connect with customers, investors, potential employees, the press, etc.
and if you don’t have a simple, compelling message, they won’t bother to learn
more. They won’t take the time to learn about, and ultimately love and share your
product. More so, if you don’t steer how people think about your product, the
market will make up its own version which may not match your vision. Every touch
point a customer or potential customer has with your product or company will shape
their view of you. It’s critical that each of those touch points send the same message.
When you create a clear brand message it ensures your team is fully aligned. This
gets everyone moving in the same direction, telling the same story and creating
consistent touch points for your customers.