English: Error Spotting for Upcoming Exams – Set 211

September 13, 2020 

Directions(1-5): In the following questions, choose the grammatically correct sentence
from among the four options given for each question.

1. Most of the victim are women and children, according to the UN’s International
Organisation for Migration, which has called in additional aid to cope with Dhaka refugee
situation.

Most of the victims are women and children, according to the

UN’s International Organisation for Migration, which has called
for additional aid to cope with Dhaka’s refugee situation.

Most of the victims are woman and children, according to the UN’s International
Organisation for Migrations, which has call for additional aid to cope with Dhaka’s refugee
situation.

Most of the victims are women and children, according to the UN’s International
Organisation for Migration, which has called in additional aid to cope with Dhaka refugee
situation.

None of these

Option B

2. Winding through dense woodland of pine, deodar and oak, a five-kilometre roads
connects the two ridges.

Winding through densed woodlands of pine, deodar and oak, a five-kilometre road
connect the two ridges.

Winding through denseful woodlands from pine, deodar and oak, a five-kilometre roads
connects the two ridges.

Winding through dense woodlands of pine, deodar and oak, a

five-kilometre road connects the two ridges.
 None of these

Option D

3. Adopting green technologies in power generations, which has a lock-in effect

lasting decades, and other areas like transport with immediate impacts such as reduced air
pollution has a twin advantage.

Adopting green technologies in power generation, which has a lock-in effect lasting
decades, and other areas like transport with immediate impacts such as reduced air pollution
has a twin advantage.

Adopting green technologies in power generation, which have

a lock-in effect lasting decades, and other areas like transport with
immediate impacts such as reduced air pollution has a twin
advantage.

Adopting green technologies in power generation, which has a lock-in effect lasting
decades, and other areas like transport with immediate impacts such as reduced air pollution
has twin advantages.

None of these

Option C

4. The preparatory decisions to wrote the rules and modality for such a framework,
and assist developing countries with capability building will be taken at Marrakech.

The preparatory decisions to write the rules and modality for such a framework, and
assist developing countries with capability building will be taken at Marrakech.

The preparatory decisions to write the rules and modalities for such a framework, and
assisting developing countries with capability building will be taken at Marrakech.
 The preparatory decisions to write the rules and modalities for
such a framework, and assist developing countries with capability
building will be taken at Marrakech.

None of these

Option D

5. The local environments is cleaned up, improved the quality of life, and carbon
emissions are cut.

The local environment are clean up, improving the quality of life, and carbon emissions
are cut.

The local environment is cleaned up, improving the quality of

life, and carbon emissions are cut.

The local environment is clean up, improved the quality of life, and carbon emissions
are cut.

None of these

Option C

Directions(6-10): Each question consists of four sentences and some sentences are
grammatically incorrect or inappropriate. Read each sentence to find out the error in
the sentence(s) and select the option that indicates the grammatically incorrect and
inappropriate sentence (s). Ignore the errors of punctuation, if any.

6. A. Foreign bourses, however, will likely find other ways to list derivatives linked to
Indian stocks and indices without any help over Indian exchanges soon.
B. The present move, thus, is unlikely to rein in the vast offshore market for Indian
derivatives.
C. It also leaves a lot to be desired.
D. Index derivatives such as the SGX Nifty that are linked to stocks that form Nifty, have
gained the patronage of large foreign investors for many reasons.
 Only B

A and C

A and D

A, B and D

All are incorrect

Option C
A. Foreign bourses, however, will likely find other ways to list derivatives linked to
Indian stocks and indices without any help from Indian exchanges soon.
‘Likely’ is an adjective used whenever we want to indicate a possibility of an event.
D. Index derivatives such as the SGX Nifty that is linked to stocks that form Nifty,
have gained the patronage of large foreign investors for many reasons.
The verb needs to be in agreement with the immediate noun that precedes the
verb.

7. A. As much with ease with the pen, Ram Prasad Bismil was equally adept at wielding
the pistol too.
B. This fire-spitting revolutionary, believed in attaining freedom by force.
C. Bismil’s life and writing along with that of others, is essential to make today’s generation
aware in the country freedom struggle.
D. It will help tackle today’s prevailing corruption and communalism.

Only B

A and C

B and D

A, C and D

All are incorrect

Option B
A. As much at ease with the pen, Ram Prasad Bismil was equally adept at wielding
the pistol too.
C. Bismil’s life and writing along with that of others, is essential to make today’s
 generation aware about the country freedom struggle.
The correct phrase is ‘at ease’- relaxed / confident.
We can make people aware ‘about’ things.

8. A. Any talk of a demographic dividend is meaningless when one half of the population
is just not participating in the economy. The reasons are many.
B. First, India is a deeply feudal, parochial and sexist society. Deep down, most Indians
subscribe for the stereotype that a man’s place is in the workplace, the woman’s at home.
C. For many Indian men, it is a matter of shame to see women in their families go out to
work.
D. Other than the perceived stigma of not being able to provide for their womenfolk, there
may even be a subliminal fear that financially independent women could challenge their
assumed superiority and dominance in the household.

A and B

Only B

B and D

B, C and D

All are incorrect

Option B
B. First, India is a deeply feudal, parochial and sexist society. Deep down, most
Indians subscribe to the stereotype that a man’s place is in the workplace, the
woman’s at home.
The use of preposition ‘for’ is contextually incorrect in this statement. Though both
the phrasal verbs are grammatically correct.
Subscribe for – to bid /apply for something
Subscribe to – to agree with an idea

9. A. Several families are left scarred as they try to cope for the loss of loved ones.
B. The tragedy has highlighted the lack of emphasis in safety in the way such events are
organised.
C. Indeed, if there is any lesson that can be learnt from the episode, it is that such adventures
should place safety above everything else, and that the government has a key role to play in
evolving the protocols.
D. In a country with rich landscapes and forests, the wish to briefly leave the urban life
behind and take to the outdoors is but natural.
 A and B

Only B

B and C

Only D

All are incorrect

Option A
A. Several families are left scarred as they try to cope with the loss of loved ones –
‘cope’ is an intransitive verb which is grammatically followed by the preposition
‘with’.
B. The tragedy has highlighted the lack of emphasis on safety in the way such
events are organised – we always lay an ‘emphasis’ on something.

10. A. There have been a growing convergence of interests in maritime cooperation.

B. Like India, France has expressed concern in China’s growing presence in the Indian
Ocean Region.
C. French overseas territories in the Indian and the Pacific Oceans provide it with the second
larger exclusive economic zone globally.
D. It has long maintained bases in Reunion Islands and Djibouti and established once in Abu
Dhabi in 2009. This regional dimension is reflected in the Vision Statement on cooperation
in the Indian Ocean Region.

A, B and C

Only A

B and D

Only C

All are incorrect

Option E
A. There has been a growing convergence of interests in maritime cooperation –
the noun that follows is singular, therefore the singular form ‘has’ been will be
used.
B. Like India, France has expressed concern about China’s growing presence in the
Indian Ocean Region.
C. French overseas territories in the Indian and the Pacific Oceans provide it with
the second largest exclusive economic zone globally.
D. It has long maintained bases in Reunion Islands and Djibouti and established
one in Abu Dhabi in 2009. This regional dimension is reflected in the Vision
Statement on cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region.

 
 English: Error Spotting for Upcoming Exams – Set 212
September 22, 2020 

Directions(1-5): Each question consists of four sentences and some sentences are
grammatically incorrect or inappropriate. Read each sentence to find out the error in
the sentence(s) and select the option that indicates the grammatically incorrect and
inappropriate sentence (s). Ignore the errors of punctuation, if any.

1. A. Foreign bourses, however, will likely find other ways to list derivatives linked to
Indian stocks and indices without any help over Indian exchanges soon.
B. The present move, thus, is unlikely to rein in the vast offshore market for Indian
derivatives.
C. It also leaves a lot to be desired.
D. Index derivatives such as the SGX Nifty that are linked to stocks that form Nifty, have
gained the patronage of large foreign investors for many reasons.

Only B

A and C

A and D

A, B and D

All are incorrect

Option C
A. Foreign bourses, however, will likely find other ways to list derivatives linked to
Indian stocks and indices without any help from Indian exchanges soon.
‘Likely’ is an adjective used whenever we want to indicate a possibility of an event.
D. Index derivatives such as the SGX Nifty that is linked to stocks that form Nifty,
have gained the patronage of large foreign investors for many reasons.
The verb needs to be in agreement with the immediate noun that precedes the
verb.

2. A. As much with ease with the pen, Ram Prasad Bismil was equally adept at wielding
the pistol too.
B. This fire-spitting revolutionary, believed in attaining freedom by force.
C. Bismil’s life and writing along with that of others, is essential to make today’s generation
 aware in the country freedom struggle.
D. It will help tackle today’s prevailing corruption and communalism.

Only B

A and C

B and D

A, C and D

All are incorrect

Option B
A. As much at ease with the pen, Ram Prasad Bismil was equally adept at wielding
the pistol too.
C. Bismil’s life and writing along with that of others, is essential to make today’s
generation aware about the country freedom struggle.
The correct phrase is ‘at ease’- relaxed / confident.
We can make people aware ‘about’ things.

3. A. Any talk of a demographic dividend is meaningless when one half of the population
is just not participating in the economy. The reasons are many.
B. First, India is a deeply feudal, parochial and sexist society. Deep down, most Indians
subscribe for the stereotype that a man’s place is in the workplace, the woman’s at home.
C. For many Indian men, it is a matter of shame to see women in their families go out to
work.
D. Other than the perceived stigma of not being able to provide for their womenfolk, there
may even be a subliminal fear that financially independent women could challenge their
assumed superiority and dominance in the household.

A and B

Only B

B and D

B, C and D
 All are incorrect

Option B
B. First, India is a deeply feudal, parochial and sexist society. Deep down, most
Indians subscribe to the stereotype that a man’s place is in the workplace, the
woman’s at home.
The use of preposition ‘for’ is contextually incorrect in this statement. Though both
the phrasal verbs are grammatically correct.
Subscribe for – to bid /apply for something
Subscribe to – to agree with an idea

4. A. Several families are left scarred as they try to cope for the loss of loved ones.
B. The tragedy has highlighted the lack of emphasis in safety in the way such events are
organised.
C. Indeed, if there is any lesson that can be learnt from the episode, it is that such adventures
should place safety above everything else, and that the government has a key role to play in
evolving the protocols.
D. In a country with rich landscapes and forests, the wish to briefly leave the urban life
behind and take to the outdoors is but natural.

A and B

Only B

B and C

Only D

All are incorrect

Option A
A. Several families are left scarred as they try to cope with the loss of loved ones –
‘cope’ is an intransitive verb which is grammatically followed by the preposition
‘with’.
B. The tragedy has highlighted the lack of emphasis on safety in the way such
events are organised – we always lay an ‘emphasis’ on something.

5. A. There have been a growing convergence of interests in maritime cooperation.

B. Like India, France has expressed concern in China’s growing presence in the Indian
 Ocean Region.
C. French overseas territories in the Indian and the Pacific Oceans provide it with the second
larger exclusive economic zone globally.
D. It has long maintained bases in Reunion Islands and Djibouti and established once in Abu
Dhabi in 2009. This regional dimension is reflected in the Vision Statement on cooperation
in the Indian Ocean Region.

A, B and C

Only A

B and D

Only C

All are incorrect

Option E
A. There has been a growing convergence of interests in maritime cooperation –
the noun that follows is singular, therefore the singular form ‘has’ been will be
used.
B. Like India, France has expressed concern about China’s growing presence in the
Indian Ocean Region.
C. French overseas territories in the Indian and the Pacific Oceans provide it with
the second largest exclusive economic zone globally.
D. It has long maintained bases in Reunion Islands and Djibouti and established
one in Abu Dhabi in 2009. This regional dimension is reflected in the Vision
Statement on cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region.

Directions:(6-10): Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in it. The
error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. Mark the part with the error as your
answer. If there is no error, mark “No Error” as your answer. (Ignore the errors of
punctuation).

6. The midnight session in Parliament that marked India’s transition to Goods and
Services Tax was reminiscent of a similar occasion on the eve of India’s Independence.

The midnight session in Parliament

that marked India’s transition to

 Goods and Services Tax was reminiscent of a

similar occasion on the eve of India’s Independence.

No error

Option B
Replace ‘that’ with ‘which’. ‘That’ is used to show restriction and which is used to
add information to the sentence. Here, information is being
added to the parliament session which marked India’s transition. Thus, which
should be used.

7. The present impasse between China and India, is a flare in of a long- standing eczema
that is the result of incessant border scratching.

The present impasse

between China and India,

is a flare in of a long- standing eczema

that is the result of incessant border scratching.

No error

Option C
Replace ‘in’ by ‘up’. ”Flare up” is a phrasal verb meaning to heighten/increase.

8. It is not difficult to sense country’s displeasure, even granting its rough diplomat
disposition.

It is not difficult to

sense country’s displeasure,

even granting its

 rough diplomat disposition.

No error

Option D
Replace ‘diplomat’ by ‘diplomatic’ . Here, disposition is described as rough
diplomatic, thus to describe a noun, adjective is used. Thus the adjective
‘diplomatic’ will be used instead of noun ‘diplomat’.

9. The GST Council which will now oversees the new tax architecture must focus initially
on stabilising the system and then improving on the current design to take it closer to the
ideal.

The GST Council which will now oversees

the new tax architecture must focus initially

on stabilising the system and then improving

on the current design to take it closer to the ideal.

No error

Option A
Replace ‘oversees’ by ‘oversee’. The council is singular here, and thus will take
singular verb ‘oversee’.

10. Many of us are employed and are living in places they are prejudiced to believe is not
our home.

Many of us are employed

and are living in places

they are prejudiced to

 believe is not our home.

No error

Option C
 English: Error Spotting for Upcoming Exams – Set 213
September 27, 2020 

Directions(1-5): In each of the questions, a sentence is divided into five parts namely A,
B, C, D and E in which one of the parts is given in brackets and is grammatically and
contextually correct. You have to identify which fragment, apart from the bracketed
one, is correct in terms of grammar and usage.

1. (The announcement of the talks) (A)/ may has been (B)/ the destination, as the distance
(C)/ the two governments traversed in the past (D)/ few weeks was equal important.(E)

All are correct

Option B
The announcement of the talks may have been the destination, but the distance
the two governments traversed in the past few weeks was equally important.
B. The use of ‘has’ is totally inappropriate, as we never pair the verb ‘has’ with
‘may’.
C. The use of ‘may have’ includes a possibility and thus should rightly be followed
by a contradiction , thus the use of ‘but’.
E. The sentence requires an adverb to make complete sense, and ‘equal’ is an
adjective.

2. For expecting (A)/ the organisation to be paying (B)/ on the transportation of (C)/ the
luggage of the employees (D)/ (on a trip is completely unfair).(E)

B
 C

All are correct

Option D
To expect the organisation to pay for the transportation of the luggage of the
employees on a trip is completely unfair.

3. The Committee suggests amend (A)/ the clause to authorise (B)/ public information
officers,to denied information (C)/ (containing ‘personal data’, if they feel that such
disclosure) (D)/ is like to cause harm to ‘the data principal’(E).

All are correct

Option B
The Committee suggests amending the clause to authorise public information
officers,to deny information containing ‘personal data’, if they feel that such
disclosure is likely to cause harm to ‘the data principal’.

4. (The RTI Act’s core aim is) (A)/ to brings accountability by (B)/ making available
public records that (C)/ discloses the actions and decisions of (D)/ specific, identifiable
members for the political class and the bureaucracy (E).

E
 C

All are correct

Option C
The RTI Act’s core aim is to bring accountability by making available public
records that disclose the actions and decisions of specific, identifiable members
of the political class and the bureaucracy.

5. Barring the demand on (A)/ (free services in banking transactions),(B)/ there was far
greater clarity and certainty (C)/ under the service tax regime and there have been limited
(D)/ instances of the tax department valuing free services (E).

All are correct

Option E

Directions(6-10): A sentence is divided into five parts (1), (A), (B), (C), (D). There is an
error in the parts (A), (B), (C) and (D) which makes the sentence grammatically or
contextually incorrect. Choose the option with parts containing error and ignore the
errors of punctuation, if any. Please note that the sentence marked as (1) will be
correct and an error if any of the parts will only be in two parts.

1. The final hearing ought to (1)/ having begun a year ago, but was delayed
because (A)/ some parties wanted the reference to a larger Bench (B)/ so that certain
observations in a Constitution Bench decision (C)/ in Ismail Faruqui (1994) could been
reconsidered (D).
 BD

AD

BC

CD

None of these

Option B
A: Replace ‘having’ by ‘have’, as it is grammatically incorrect.
D: Replace ‘been’ by ‘be’. ‘Could’ in such a case should be followed by ‘have’ which
also would be incorrect as here we are talking about a future possibility.

2. The cash-strapped economy has (1)/ been unable to sustain imports (A)/ from
basic necessities, even as (B)/ the socialist government has unleash a crackdown (C)/ on an
angry opposition and activists (D).

AB

CD

BC

AC

None of these

Option C
B: ‘From’ should be replaced by ‘of’, as we need to specify ‘which’ imports are we
talking about.
C: Past form of the verb needs to be used in the sentence. ‘Unleashed’ – released.

3. The revolutionary freedom fighter’s (1)/ brief stopovers on (A)/ the temple is
considered (B)/ the most significant part of (C)/ the history of the 116-year-old institution
(D).
 BC

AC

BD

AB

None of these

Option D
A: Replace ‘on’ by ‘at’.
B: Replace ‘is’ by ‘are’, as the subject is ‘stopovers’.

4. The other strategic mistake (1)/ is the government’s indifference (A)/ towards
augmenting domestic energy (B)/ resources to reduced the overdependence (C)/ in imported
fossil fuel (D).

AD

AC

CD

BC

None of these

Option C
C: Replace ‘reduced’ by ‘reduce’.
D: Replace ‘in’ by ‘on’.

5. It is a sign of (1)/ healthy cooperative federalism that (A)/ a group of northern

states has agreed (B)/ to resolve its disagreements around (C)/ different tax rates off petrol
and diesel (D).
 CD

AD

AB

AC

None of these

Option A
C: Replace ‘around’ by ‘over’.
D: Replace ‘off’ by ‘on’.

 
 English: Error Spotting for Upcoming Exams – Set 214
October 28, 2020 

Directions(1-5): Given below are three statements, of which some may be incorrect.
Identify the correct statement(s).

1. I. It is easy to believe that above the board the scientific community is selflessly and
single-handedly waging a war against disease, and its corollary, untimely death.
II. It is easy to believe that across the board the scientific community is selflessly and single-
handedly waging a war against disease, and its corollary, untimely death.
III. It is easy to believe that on the drawing board the scientific community is selflessly and
single-handedly waging a war against disease, and its corollary, untimely death.

Only I

Only II

Only III

Both II and II

All of these

Option B
in sentence I, ‘above the board’ is an idiomatic expression that means without
concealment.
In sentence II, ‘across the board’ is an idiomatic expression that means applying to
everyone.
In sentence III, ‘on the drawing board’ is an idiomatic expression that means in the
initial planning or design stage.

2. I. Class, region and other social dimensions is important to explain the contraction and
spread of different diseases.
II. Class, region and other social dimensions are important to explain the contraction and
spread of different diseases.
III. Class, region and other social dimensions are important to explain the contraction and
spread off different diseases.

Only I

Only II
 Only III

Both I and II

All of these

Option B
Sentence I is incorrect because of the usage of the verb ‘is’ as it violates subject-
verb agreement.
Sentence III is incorrect, as ‘off’ is a preposition that means so as to be removed or
separated from. The sentence needs a preposition that would follow the noun
‘spread’ derived from a verb. Thus, ‘of’ is a better fit in this case.

3. I. A significant number of infected poor and marginalised people do not necessarily

report their condition to certified doctors.
II. A significant number of infect poor and marginalise people do not necessarily report their
condition to certified doctors.
III. A significant number of infect poor and marginalise people do not necessarily report
their condition to certify doctors.

Only I

Both II and III

Only III

Both I and II

All of these

Option A
‘Infect’ and ‘marginalize’ are verbs whereas the sentences need adjectives like
‘infected’ and ‘marginalised’ to describe the nouns following them.
Hence, sentences II and III are incorrect while sentence I is correct. This makes
option A the correct answer.

4. I. The problem of malnutrition is known to facilitate an immuno-compromised

condition, which in turn enhances the propensity for contracting of infections.
 II. The propensity to contract infections is enhanced by the problem of malnutrition as it
facilitates an immune-compromised condition.
III. An immune-compromised condition is facilitated by the issue of malnutrition and it often
leads to increase in the tendency of catching infections.

Only I

Both II and III

Only III

Both I and II

All of these
Option E

5. I. Seldom have I seen him going to the market after the breakdown of the pandemic.
II. Seldom I have seen him going to the market after the outbreak of the pandemic.
III. Seldom have I seen him going to the market after the outbreak of the pandemic.

Only I

Only III

Only II

Both I and II

All of these

Option B
Sentence I uses the correct inversion. However, ‘breakdown’ is incorrect. Outbreak
should be used in place of breakdown. Whenever we refer to a disease, a
pandemic, an epidemic, we use the term ‘outbreak’.
Sentence II is grammatically incorrect. ‘Have’ should be used before ‘I’.
Sentence III is absolutely correct both grammatically and contextually.
  

Directions(6-10) : Read the following sentence to find out whether there is any error in
it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The number corresponding to
that part will be your answer. If the given sentence is correct as it is, mark the answer
as ‘No error’. Ignore the errors of punctuation if any.

6. He had scarcely entered (1)/ on his duties than (2)/ the rebellion of June (3)/ broke out
in Prague. (4)

No error

Option B
The error lies in the second part of the sentence. The word ‘than’ should be
replaced by ‘when’.
If hardly, scarcely, barely and no sooner are in the initial position, the subject and
auxiliary are inverted:

7. Up to now, Mrscott has sent (1)/ a great many request (2)/ for spare parts and other
urgent (3)/ messages from one garage to the other. (4)

No error
 Option B
The error lies in the second part of the sentence.
The singular word ‘request’ should be replaced by ‘requests’. You use ‘a good
many’ or ‘a great many’ to emphasize that you are referring to a large number of
things or people.

8. Maya, as well as her teachers (1)/ are associated in legend (2)/ with Dionysus and
belong to (3)/the cycle of legends of Cybele. (4)

No error

Option B
The error lies in the second part if the sentence. The word ‘are’ should be replaced
by ‘is’.
When ‘as well as’, ‘along with’, ‘together with’, ‘No less than’, ‘In addition to’ and
‘Not’ and ‘with’ join two subjects, the verb will be according to the first subject.

9. The number of acres of (1)/ forest land destroyed by (2)/ wildfires have increased
dramatically (3)/ over the past several years. (4)

4
 No error

Option C
The error lies in the third part of the sentence. The word ‘have’ should be replaced
by ‘has’.
The expression the number is followed by a singular verb while the expression a
number is followed by a plural verb.

10. Dr. Thompkins phoned the (1)/ fire brigade, whom then (2)/ alerted the management
(3)/ and the ground staff. (4)

No error

Option B
The use of ‘whom’ is incorrect. ‘Whom’ should be used to refer to the object of a
verb or preposition. In the given the sentence, the pronoun should refer to the
subject ‘fire brigade’, so we need to use ‘who’. So, the correct choice is B.
 215:Directions(1-5): In the given question, a sentence is divided into five parts out of
which the last part is correct. Out of the remaining four, there are errors in three parts.
Choose the part which doesn’t have an error. If all the four parts are correct, mark (E)
i.e. ‘All are correct’ as the answer.

1. The trade collapse were not (A) surprised as the situation around (B) the world have
not only (C) dented demand, but also (D) severely disrupted global supply chains.

All are correct

Option D
In part A ‘were’ should be replaced with ‘was’ as ‘collapse’ is a singular word. In
part B ‘surprising’ should replace ‘surprised’. As adjectives the difference between
‘surprised’ and ‘surprising’ is that surprised is caused to feel surprise, amazement
or wonder, or showing an emotion due to an unexpected event while surprising is
that is or are a surprise. In part C ‘have’ must be replaced with ‘has’, as ‘situation’
is a singular word, to make the sentence grammatically correct .

2. A fewer highlighted aspect (A) in global warming is that (B) it may link desperate
disasters (C) — floods, pandemics and pestilence (D)— amplifying the potency of each.

All are correct

 Option D
The error in part A is the use of the word ‘fewer’ which should be replaced by ‘less’.
Note that, according to usage rules, fewer is only to be used when discussing
countable things, while less is used for singular mass nouns. For example, you can
have fewer ingredients, dollars, people, or puppies, but less salt, money, honesty,
or love. ‘Aspect’ is not a countable thing, so must be preceded by less. In part B,
the preposition ‘in’ must be replaced by preposition ‘of’. In part C the error is the
erroneous use of the word ‘desperate’. It means ‘feeling or showing a hopeless
sense that a situation is so bad as to be impossible to deal with’, which makes no
sense here. It should be replaced by ‘disparate’ to make the sentence
grammatically correct. ‘Disparate’ means ‘essentially different in kind; not able to
be compared’.

3. Failure of maintain distancing, (A) more so in a poorly-ventilation, (B) closed

environment, gives (C) the virus a free running, as (D) Chennai’s wholesale vegetable
market showed starkly.

All are correct

Option C
In part A, the error is of preposition. ‘Of’ must be replaced by ‘to’ to make the part
correct. In part B in place of noun ‘ventilation’ an adjective ‘ventilated’ is required.
In part D present participle ‘running’ must be replaced with simple present ‘run’ to
make the sentence grammatically correct.

4. France was left isolated (A) and in loggerheads with other (B) EU member countries in
(C) its refusal to fall off line (D) with demands to cut state borrowing.

B
 C

All are correct

Option A
In part B, preposition ‘in’ should be replaced with preposition ‘at’. In part C,
preposition ‘over’ should be replaced with preposition ‘in’. In part D, preposition
‘off’ should be replaced with preposition ‘in/into’ to make the sentence
grammatically correct.

5. There are much hypotheses (A) for the less dismal outcome in India (B) based over the
impact of climate, (C) benefits of immunity, and other possible factors, (D) but they remain
untested.

Option B
In part A the error is in the usage of the word ‘much’ which should be replaced by
‘many’. Note that, we use much if the noun is uncountable (e.g., water, sand) and
many if the noun is countable (e.g., oranges, children). Here, ‘hypotheses’ is a
countable noun. In part C preposition ‘over’ should be replaced by ‘on’. In part D
noun ‘immunisation’ must replace ‘immunity’ to make the sentence grammatically
correct. ‘Immunisation’ means ‘the action of making a person or animal immune to
infection, typically by inoculation’; whereas ‘immunity’ means ‘the ability of an
organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of speci􀁽c
antibodies or sensitized white blood cells’.

Directions(6-8): Read the following sentence to find out if there is any error in it. The
sentence is divided into four parts. The option containing the part of the sentence
 containing an error, is the answer. If the given sentence is correct as it is, mark E, i.e.,
‘No error’ as the answer. Ignore the errors of punctuation if any.

6. The prime minister made him available to (1)/ the media to pay tributes (2)/ to people
who opposed the autocratic (3)/ law imposed by the erstwhile government (4).

No error

Option A
The error is in the first part of the sentence. The personal pronoun ‘him’ is
incorrectly used. It needs a reflexive pronoun as a reflexive pronoun is used when
someone does something to itself. Here, the prime minister is making himself
available, which means the subject is doing something to himself. Thus, option A
is the correct answer.

7. Ritesh skipped the (1)/ class and went home, (2)/ as he was not (3)/ interesting in the
lecture. (4)

No error

Option D
The use of ‘interesting’ is incorrect. We use ‘-ing’ (present participle) adjectives to
describe an effect and ‘-ed’ (past participle) adjectives to describe how a person
feels. So, the correct choice is D.
  

8. The two best things about (1)/ the school was the (2)/ absence of any noise (3)/ and
clean surroundings. (4)

No error

Option B
The use of ‘was’ is incorrect. The subject and verb of a sentence must agree with
one another in number whether they are singular or plural. The determiner ‘two’
and plural subject ‘things’ require plural auxiliary verb ‘were’. So, the correct
choice is B.

Directions(9-10): Given below are three statements, of which some may be incorrect.
Identify the correct statement(s).

9. I. Rajesh bargained for days and sold the property on a good price.
II. Rajesh bargained for days and sold the property at a good price.
III. Rajesh bargained for days and sold the property to a good price.

Only I

Only II

Only III

Both I and II

All of these

Option B
Only option II is grammatically correct.
 Here, the correct preposition after property is ‘at’. In the given context it’s being
used metaphorically to specify some particular point on a “range” of prices.
The other alternatives use incorrect prepositions which render the sentences
grammatically incorrect.

10. I. The gurudwara land supports around two lakh people but they pay only Rs 1000 per
acre.
II. The gurudwara land supports around two lakhs people but they pay only Rs 1000 per
acre.
III. The gurudwara land supports around two lakh of people but they pay only Rs 1000 per
acre.

Only I

Only II

Only III

Both I and II

All of these

Option A
In statement II, nouns expressing number are used in singular form with numeral
adjectives. So, ‘lakhs’ is a wrong usage.
In statement III, the use of preposition ‘of’ is wrong here.

English: Error Spotting for Upcoming Exams – Set 216

Directions(1-5): Read the following sentence to find out whether there is any error in it. The
error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The number corresponding to that part will
be your answer. If the given sentence is correct as it is, mark the answer as ‘No error’.
Ignore the errors of punctuation if any.

1. Rachel has been practising (1)/ hardly for her piano competition day in, day out, (2)/
that is due to take (3)/ place later this year. (4)
 1

No error
Option B
The error is in the second part of the sentence. The statement talks about how Rachel
has been working hard at her piano lessons. We need the adverb ‘hard’ here which will
mean ‘practising sincerely’. “Hardly” means ‘not at all’ or ‘very little’. So ‘hardly’
should be replaced by ‘hard’ in the second part to correct the question.
 

2. The private sector will now be allowed (1)/ to carry out space activities (2)/ and them
will be allowed to build (3)/ of rockets, satellites and provide launch services. (4)

No error
Option C
The error is in the third part of the sentence. The personal pronoun ‘them’ is
incorrectly used. ‘They’ and ‘them’ are used for representing third person in plural
number, but ‘they’ is a subject pronoun, and ‘them’ is an object pronoun. And in this
question, ‘they’ must be used to denote the subject, ‘private sector’. Thus, option C is
the correct answer.
 

3. I wrapped the broken (1)/ glass carefully in a thick (2)/ newspaper and took it (3)/
outside for safe disposal. (4)
 1

No error
Option E

4. The Maharani of Cooch Behar, Indira (1)/ Devi loved shoes so much then she ordered a
(2)/ hundred pairs of shoes to be made for her by the
famed (3)/ (and expensive) Italian shoemaker Salvatore Ferragamo. (4)

No error
Option B
‘So much’ is used here to show an extreme love of shoes. Whenever, ‘so much’ is used
to show such extent, it is followed by ‘that’. ‘So much…..that’ translates to ‘to such an
extent’. So, even though buying shoes was the next event in sequence, it should be ‘that’
instead of ‘then’. Hence, the correct answer is B.
 

5. Cycle to work is (1)/ particularly beneficial because it (2)/ combines physical exercise
with (3)/ an essential daily task. (4)

1
 2

No error
Option A
“Cycle” is used as a noun in part 1. But this position requires an action that can be
done in order to get to work, which means a verb is needed. The correct word, in this
case, is “cycling”, which acts a gerund here. Hence, the correct answer is A.
 

Directions(6-10): In the given question, a sentence is divided into five parts out of which the
last part is correct. Out of the remaining four, there are errors in three parts. Choose the
part which doesn’t have an error. If all the four parts are correct, mark E i.e. All are
correct as the answer.

6. Cathode rays are negative (A) charged beams consist of (B) electrons whereas anode
rays are (C) positively charged beam (D) made up of positive ions.

All are correct

Option C
Only part C is correct.
In part A adjective ‘negative’ must be replaced with adverb ‘negatively’. In part B
‘consist’ should be replaced with present participle ‘consisting’. In part D ‘beam’ must
be replaced with ‘beams’, as the subject ‘anode rays’ is a plural noun, to make the
sentence grammatically correct.
 

7. The issue could linger on (A) and be periodically revived, (B) if not at a government
level (C) then certainly in (D) the media till the end of 2003.
 A

All are correct

Option B
The error in part A is usage of ‘could’. It should be replaced with ‘would’, as the issue
that is discussed in the sentence is of past and ‘could’ is used for future events. In part
C definite article ‘the’ must replace indefinite article ‘a’. In part D usage of ‘then’ is
erroneous. It should be replaced with ‘than’ to make the sentence grammatically
correct. Always remember, ‘then’ is commonly used to express a sense of time or what
comes next or used to be. ‘Than’ is used to form comparisons between two things. Here
the comparison is between the government and the media.
 

8. Carefully conceived with maximum (A) emotional affect, Munch intended (B) the
work to be the powerful image (C) that would represent (D) an intense emotional
experience.

All are correct

Option D
In part A preposition ‘with’ must be replaced with ‘for’. The image was intended to
give viewers maximum emotional effect. In part B ‘affect’ must be replaced with
‘effect’. Affect is usually a verb, and it means to impact or change. Effect is usually a
noun; an effect is the result of a change. In part C indefinite article ‘a’ must replace
definite article ‘the’ than’ to make the sentence grammatically correct.
 
9. He came to see me (A) in the pretext of (B) asking my advise (C) when really he (D)
wanted to borrow money.

All are correct

Option A
The error in part B is the use of preposition ‘in’. It should be replaced with ‘under’. In
part C the verb ‘advise’ should be replaced with the noun ‘advice’. Remember, Advise
is a verb meaning “to give counsel to; offer an opinion or suggestion as worth
following.” Advice is a noun meaning “an opinion or recommendation offered as a
guide to action, conduct, etc.” The error in part D is the erroneous construction. The
pronoun ‘he’ should come before adverb ‘really’ to make the sentence correct.
 

10. The Social medium platforms have (A) often declared their commitment to (B)
stopping fake news, but any (C) attempt to enforce content regulatory regulation (D) comes
with additional complications.

All are correct

Option B
In part A ‘medium’ should be replaced by ‘media’. Media is used in reference to mass
communications, where media are newspapers, radio, the internet, and so on. In part
C, in place of ‘stopping’ ‘stop’ should be used, as part B ends with ‘to’ and after
preposition ‘to’ base form must be used. The error in part D is the usage of adjective
‘regulatory’. It must be replaced with noun ‘regulation’ to make the sentence
grammatically correct. The difference between regulation and regulatory is that
 regulation is in conformity with applicable rules and regulations while regulatory is of
or pertaining to regulation.

English: Error Spotting for Upcoming Exams – Set 217

November 22, 2020 
Directions(1-5): From the options given below, select the option which states the
correct combination of correct sentences.

1. I. Today’s Google page opened to a doodle celebrating Amrita Pritam, one of India’s
first prominent women Punjabi poet.
II. Why should urban audiences have all the fun? That seems to be the thought behind EPIQ,
India’s largest screen, which was launched at Sullurpet on Thursday.
III. With his twirled moustache, iconic dark blue scarf, and Enfield Bullet, Azad makes a
statement wherever he goes, and it’s obvious he was the inspiration behind the character of
Nishad in the recent Bollywood film, Article 15.
IV. The storm brought the baseball game to a halt and than subsided enough for the players
to retake the field.

II and IV are correct

II and III are correct

I and IV are correct

I, II, III and IV are correct

I and II are correct

Option B
Statement I is not correct since according to the rules of grammar (Degree of
comparison), “one of the” must be followed by “ plural number of the noun as there
are many poets and not one. So “poet” must be replaced by “poets”
The correct sentence would be:
Today’s Google page opened to a doodle celebrating Amrita Pritam, one of India’s
first prominent women Punjabi poets.
Statement I is not correct since there is an error in the usage of the homonyms:
“than” must be replaced by “ then”
The correct sentence would be: The storm brought the baseball game to a halt and
then subsided enough for the players to retake the field.
Statements II and III are correct and therefore no correction is required in such
statements.
This makes option B the correct choice among the given options.
  

2. I. The money lender had no other object but to get back his money.
II. The matter came to light after a video of the school during the midday meal session,
apparently shot by media persons, was widely shared
on social media.
III. Although the director loved all of his film footage, he had to truncated the movie so its
runtime would be less than forty-five minutes.
IV. The Opposition supported the Himachal Pradesh Freedom of Religion Bill, 2019, which
was passed unanimously with a voice vote.

I and IV are correct

II and III are correct

III and IV are correct

II and IV are correct

I, II, III and IV are incorrect

Option D
Statement I is not correct since according to the rules of grammar, use of
conjunction.
The correct sentence would be: The money lender had no other object than to get
back his money.
Statement III is not correct since there is an error in the usage of the tense
The correct usage would have been “ truncate” in place of “ truncated”
The correct sentence would be: Although the director loved all of his film footage,
he had to truncate the movie so its runtime would be less
than forty-five minutes.
Statements II and IV are correct and therefore no correction is required in such
statements.
This makes option D the correct choice among the given options.

3. I. While the trees hovered overhead, only the hikers walk on the floor of the Amazon
Rainforest could observe the undergrowth growing close to the ground.
II. Unable to find his daughter at her college hostel after the video had surfaced, the
student’s father blamed Mr. Chinmayanand.
III. The number of lawmakers commenting on Kashmir could possibly increase when the
Congress, which is in recess, reconvenes in September.
IV. He had scarcely reached his home than it began to rain.
 I and IV are correct

II and III are correct

II and IV are correct

I, II, III and IV are incorrect

I and II are correct

Option B
Statement I is not correct since according to the rules of grammar, it is necessary
that if any principal verb is used after from, the –ing form of
the verb should be used. “ walk” must be replaced by “ walking”.
The correct sentence would be: While the trees hovered overhead, only the hikers
walking on the floor of the Amazon Rainforest could
observe the undergrowth growing close to the ground.
Statement IV is not correct as the usage of conjunction is not correct.
The correct sentence would be: He had scarcely reached his home when it began
to rain.
Statements II and III are correct and therefore no correction is required in such
statements.
This makes option B the correct choice among the given options.

4. I. The controversial list has ended the wait of millions of Assam residents who will
now find out whether they are Indians or “foreigners.”
II. The NRC list will include those whose names appeared in the 1951 document and their
descendants.
III. The government carried out the mammoth exercise to detect and deport undocument
immigrants from Bangladesh.

Only II is incorrect

Only III is incorrect

Only I and II are incorrect

Only I and III are incorrect

 All are correct

Option B
I. The controversial list has ended the wait of millions of Assam residents who will
now find out whether they are Indians or
“foreigners.” (CORRECT)
II. The NRC list will include those whose names appeared in the 1951 document
and their descendants. (CORRECT)
III. The government carried out the mammoth exercise to detect and deport
undocumented immigrants from Bangladesh.
“Undocument” replaced by “undocumented”

5. I. Results find that this year the girls had performed better in every field.
II. Ganesh Chaturthi is a 10-day festival which commences on the fourth day of Bhadrapada
month in the Hindu lunar calendar.
III. A sharp rise in the prices of petrol has lead to an increase in the prices of the
commodities leading to inflation.

Only II is incorrect

Only III is incorrect

Only I and II are incorrect

Only I and III are incorrect

All are correct

Option D
I. Results found that this year the girls had performed better in every field.
The sentence is in past tense so “find” replaced by “found”.
II. Ganesh Chaturthi is a 10-day festival which commences on the fourth day of
Bhadrapada month in the Hindu lunar calendar.(Correct)
III. A sharp rise in the prices of petrol has lead to an increase in the prices of the
commodities leading to inflation.
“lead” replaced by “ led”. With have/ has third form of verb is used (lead/ led/ led)

Directions(6-10): In the given question, a sentence is divided into five parts out of
which the last part is correct. Out of the remaining four, there are errors in three parts.
 Choose the part which doesn’t have an error. If all the four parts are correct, mark E,
i.e., “All are correct” as the answer.

6. A 27 – year old India – origin man, along with (A)/ two other co – founders off a start –
up crypto currency (B)/ company, has been indicted with a scheme to defraud (C)/ investors,
with authorities seizing (D)/ digital currency raised from victims as a part of the scheme.

All are correct

Option D
The error in A is the incorrect use of noun ‘India’ and needs to be replaced with an
adjective ‘Indian’ to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct.
This is because an adjective is used to define a noun.
The error in B is the incorrect use of the preposition ‘off’ and needs to be replaced
with the preposition ‘of’. This is because ‘off’ is used for separation and “founder”
should be followed by ‘of’.
The error in C would be the incorrect use of the verb ‘has’ and needs to be replaced
with the plural verb ‘have’. ‘Along with’ in the sentence means in the sentence “in
addition to something else”. Thus, there are two individual subjects, which were
indicated with a scheme to defraud investors. Hence, the verb to follow should be
plural in form.

7. A spirit of inquiry has gone abroad, (A)/ informations are eagerly sought for, and (B)/
more readily knowledge is to be obtained, (C)/ the more advantage to the colony that (D)/
has a faithful and efficient agent here.

A
B
C
D
All are correct
Option A
Option A: No error.
Option B: Since uncountable nouns are singular, they also require singular verbs. The
 word ‘information’ is an uncountable noun and can’t be written in the plural form.
Therefore, instead of ‘informations are,’ it should be ‘information is.’
Option C: Definite article ‘the’ is missing before ‘more readily.’ This would complete
the structure ‘the more readily.. the more advantageous’.
Option D: Replace ‘advantage’ with ‘advantageous’. We need an adjective after
‘more’.
 

8. In the case of Ocarina of Time, the competition has really been hotting up, (A)/ with
several top speedrunners attempting to outdone each other(B)/ in very close runs as Polygon
reports that the previous world record (C)/ from seven months ago has been outdid (D)/ by
twenty minutes.

All are correct

Option A
Option A: No error.
Option B: Instead of ‘outdone,’ it should be ‘outdo.’ We always use the base form of
the verb after ‘to.’
Option C: The connector ‘as’ is not suitable here. It does not make the sentence
coherent.
Option D: Instead of ‘outdid,’ it should be ‘outdone.’ To make the sentence in past
perfect tense, we use ‘had + been + past participle form of the verb.’

9. You have to be very careful not to go off on cloud eleven, (A)/ being too 􀁾ashy and
getting on people’s nerves with a (B)/ big ego
nuance because it’s dodgy for a black person to do (C)/ this anyway because there’s so much
stack up (D)/ against them in the first place.

C
 D

All are correct

Option B
Option A: It should be ‘on cloud nine’ or ‘on cloud seven.’ ‘On cloud nine (or seven)’
is an idiom which means extremely happy.
Option B: No error.
Option C: It should be ‘ego trip.’ ‘Ego trip’ is an idiom. If you do something primarily
to draw attention to yourself and feel important or superior to others, you are on an
ego trip.
Option D: Instead of ‘stack up,’ it should be ‘stacked up.’

10. Disasters as narrative tends to follow a predictable grid: (A)/ They begin by a moment
of scandal or crisis, (B)/ moves to the limited period of action, and slowly fades into
indifference, (C)/ only the victim continues to struggle,

All are correct

Option D
Option A: It should be ‘disasters as narratives tend’ or ‘disasters as narrative tend.’
The subject ‘disasters’ is plural, so the verb should also plural.
Option B: Instead of ‘by,’ it should be ‘with.’ We use ‘begin with’ when we want to
introduce the first of several things that we want to say.
Option C: It should be ‘move’ and ‘fade,’ not ‘moves’ and ‘fades.’ The subject
‘disasters’ is plural, so the verb should also be plural.
Option D: No error.

English: Error Spotting for Upcoming Exams – Set 218

 November 26, 2020 
Directions(1-5): Read the sentence to find out whether there is an error in it. The error,
if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The number corresponding to that part will be
your answer. If the given sentence is correct as it is, mark the answer as ‘No error’.
Ignore the errors of punctuation, if any.

1. The increased volumes of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases (1)/ released by
the burning of fossil fuels, land clearing, agriculture, and other human activities, (2)/ are
believed to be the primary sources of the global warming (3)/ that has occurred over the past
50 years. (4)

No error

Option D
The error is in the fourth part of the sentence. The sentence refers to the activities
that have been occurring over the past 50 years and are still continuing leading to
global warming. Thus, the use of ‘has occurred’ is incorrect as the sentence is in
present perfectcontinuous tense. The correct use would be ‘has been occurring’
which makes the sentence grammatically correct.

2. The band was made up (1)/ of a diverse group of (2)/ individual, belonging to (3)/
different countries and cultures. (4)

No error
 Option C
The error is in the third part of the sentence.
We need to replace ‘individual’ with ‘individuals’. As a determiner, ‘diverse’ implies
the context of ‘including many different types of people or things’. So, the plural
noun ‘individuals’ need to be used.

3. Dole believes in making a current government (1)/ function by cooperating,

compromising (2)/ and working out the inevitable (3)/ disagreements of a diverse society. (4)

No error

Option A
The given sentence talks about a specific government. We know this because Dole
is talking about the functioning of the government and is aware of the social
situation too. This means that when Dole says ‘government’, he means a very
specific government. So, it should be ‘the’ instead of ‘a’ in part1.

4. If you go through life with a perspective (1)/ that you have something to learn (2)/ from
everyone you meet, (3)/ you’ll hoard a lot of informal mentors along the way. (4)

No error
 Option D
The error lies in the fourth part of the sentence. ‘Hoard’ is generally used when we
talk about materialistic things like ‘hoard of gold’ and not while describing people.
Thus, ‘hoard a lot of informal mentors’ is not incorrect. Instead, ‘gather’ or ‘collect’
can be used in this context.

5. India is the fastest growing economy in the world (1)/ and is expected to be one of the
top three economic powers of the world (2)/ over the next 10-15 years, (3)/ backed by its
strong democratic and partnerships. (4)

No error

Option D
The error lies in the fourth part of the sentence. ‘Democratic’ adds no meaning
here and the incorrect form of the word has been used here. Instead, using
‘democracy’ gives meaning to the sentence and renders it correct.

Directions(6-7): In the given question, a sentence is divided into five parts out of which
the last part is correct. Out of the remaining four, there are errors in three parts.
Choose the part which doesn’t have an error. If all the four parts are correct, mark E,
,i.e., “All are correct” as the answer.

6. A

D
 All are correct

Option C
The error in A is the incorrect use of adjective ‘Indian’ and needs to be replaced
with a noun ‘India’ to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct.
This is because IPPB is an abbreviation and will begin with a noun.
The error in B is the incorrect use of the preposition ‘in’ and needs to be replaced
with the preposition ‘at’. This is because launching is being taken ‘at’ some
particular place, not ‘in’.
The error in D is the incorrect use of the preposition ‘from’ and needs to be
replaced with the preposition ‘to’. This is because services are offered ‘to’
someone, not ‘from’ someone.

7. Rumi’s use of Persian but Arabic in his poetry, (A)/ in addition to some Turkish and
less Greek, have (B)/resulted into him being claimed variously for (C)/ Turkish literature and
Persian literature, (D)/ a reflection of the strength of his influence in Iran and Turkey.

All are correct

Option D
The error in A is the incorrect use of conjunction ‘but’ and needs to be replaced
with ‘and’ to make the sentence correct. This is because ‘but’ is used to show
contrast while the latter is not. Here, the poetry is both of Persian and Arabic. So,
‘and’ should be used for the same.
The error in B is the incorrect use of the verb ‘have’ and needs to be replaced with
the singular verb ‘has’. This is because the subject ‘Rumi’s use of’ is singular and
thus, is followed by a singular verb.
The error in C is the incorrect use of the preposition ‘into’ and needs to be replaced
with ‘in’ to make the sentence correct. This is because ‘into’ is used to indicate
motion while ‘resulted’ is followed by ‘in’.

 
 Directions(8-10): In the given sentence, some parts are printed in bold while some are
not. The parts printed in bold are correct and need no improvement. The parts which
are not printed in bold may or may not be correct. Choose the part which is incorrect
and needs improvement.

8. This wealth of plant life is confined to the littoral and the coastal valleys, but the
central valleys and the plateaux have, if not a varied flora, a considerable wealth of timber
trees in every way superior than the flora inland in the same latitudes.

This wealth of plant life is confined

the littoral and the coastal valleys, but the central valleys

if not a varied flora, a considerable wealth of timber trees in every

superior than the flora inland in the same latitudes

No Error

Option D
The error lies in option D as the preposition ‘than’ is incorrect and must be
replaced with ‘to’.
This is because the adjectives ‘inferior’, ‘superior’, ‘senior’, ‘junior’, ‘prior’ etc. takes
the preposition ‘to’ not ‘than’.
Thus, option D is the correct answer.

9. Had Algeria and Morocco honoured their agreement back in 1989 to form an

economic union, along with Tunisia’, ‘Libya’ and Mauritania, they will be among the
Middle East’s largest economies.

Algeria and Morocco honoured their agreement

1989 to form an economic union, along with

‘Libya’ and Mauritania, they will be among

Middle East’s largest economies

No Error
 Option C
The error lies in option C as the modal ‘will’ is incorrect and must be replaced with
‘would’. This is because the sentence starts with ‘had’ (past participle) to form the
future perfect tense, and the conditional mood. Thus to support it, a conditional
word will be used making ‘would’ correct as it indicates the consequences of an
imagined event or situation.

10. India does not had a ministry of public health or even a full – edged division of public
health in the health ministry.

India does not had

a ministry of

a full – edged

division of public

health in

Option A
In A, the use of verb ‘had’ is incorrect and needs to be replaced with ‘have’ to make
the sentence grammatically and contextually correct. This is because the auxiliary
verb ‘does’ will take the base form of the main verb that follows it.