Hazards

natural hazard- a natural process or event that has the potential to cause loss of life or
injury or damage to property.

natural disaster- natural hazards become natural disasters when people’s lives, and
livelihoods are destroyed.

Geological hazards- of course by forces from inside the earth

geomorphological hazards- caused by landforms like slopes outside the earth

atmospheric hazards- occur in the air and include abnormal weather events

biological hazards- are caused by living things

how is the earth structured?

Tectonic plate- a section or part of the earth’s crust that fits like a jigsaw.
Oceanic crust continental crust
 Newer  older
 more dense  less dense
 can sink  cannot sink
 can be renewed and destroyed  cannot be renewed or destroyed
plate boundaries

Destructive- 2 continental plates. 

Constructive- 2 Oceanic plates  

Conservative- it can create earthquakes but not volcanoes

Hotspots

Hotspots occur over a plume of super-heated magma rising in the middle of the plate the
secure says the material is less dense than that around it in the mantle when the plume
reaches the crust it will cause the crystal Dome and crack which allows the magma to
escape.

A volcano is an opening (vent) in the earth’s surface (crust) where molten rock (magma)
from deep inside the earth forces it's the way to the surface.
There are three types of volcanoes:

Active- A volcano that has erupted recently there are 200 active volcanoes around the
world.

Dormant- volcanoes haven't erupted recently and are said to be sleeping they could erupt
any time again.

Extinct- volcanoes that are dead their volcanic activities finished.

Composite volcano
 explosive eruptions
 usually large and conical
 wide gently sloping code is formed
by the basaltic lava which can't be
powered up into steep mounds.
 huge in size
 very quiet in their dormant period
 Usually found along subduction
zones
shield volcano
 huge in size (width)
 formed by alternative layers of lava
and rock fragments
 also occur along the mid-Atlantic
ridge where sea floor
 Spreading is occurring
 may be produced on hotspots
 broad shaped, gently sloping cone is
formed.