Chapter Two

Cylinders, Cones, and Spheres

The Standard of Competence :
1. Understanding the properties of cylinders, cones and spheres also determining
their measures

Basic Competence:
2.1 Identifying the elements of cylinders, cones and spheres.
2.2 Calculating the surface area and the volume of cylinders, cones and sphere.
2.3 Solving problems involving cylinders, cones and spheres.

Indicators :
a. Stating the elements: radius/diameter, height, sides, base of cylinders, cones and
spheres.
b. Calculating the surface area of cylinders, cones and spheres.
c. Calculating the volume of cylinders, cones and spheres.
d. Determining the elements of cylinders, cones and spheres if the volume is given.
e. Using the surface area and volume formula to solve problem involving
cylinders, spheres, and cones.

2.1 Cylinders

A cylinder is a solid with congruent circular bases that lie in parallel planes. The altitude,
or height, of a cylinder is the perpendicular distance between its bases. The radius of the
base is also called the radius of the cylinder. A cylinder is called a right cylinder if the
segment joining the centers of the bases is perpendicular to the bases.
base radius r

2 r 2
lateral
area =
height h base areas 2 r h

2 r 2

base
Figure 2.1
The lateral area of a cylinder is the area of its curved surface. The lateral area is equal to
the product of the circumference and the height, which is 2 r h . The entire surface area
of a cylinder is equal to the sum of the lateral area and the area of the two bases.

Property 2

The surface area and the volume of a right cylinder shown by the figure is
given by
Surface area  2 r 2  2 r h
Volume  r2 h (base are  height)
h

Example 2.1
Find the surface area and the volume of the right cylinder below
S  2 r 2  2 r h
 2( )(30) 2  2( )(30)( 40)  1800  2400  4200  4200  3.14  13195
The surface area of the cylinder is about 13 195 cm2
V   r2 h
  (30) 2 (40)
 36000  113040
The volume of the cylinder is about 113 040 cm3

Example 2.2
Find the height of a cylinder which has a radius of 6.5 cm and a surface area of
592.19 cm2
Answer:
S  2 r 2  2 r h
592 .19  2( )(6.5) 2  2( )(6.5)(h)
h
592 .19  84.5  13 h
592 .19  84.5(3.14)  13 h 6.5 cm

326.73
h 8
13
The height is about 8 cm