Bped 109 - Nuñez, Myra Mae

Republic of the Philippines
SURIGAO DEL SUR STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Main Campus, Tandag City,Surigao Del Sur
BPED 109: SWIMMING

AND AQUATICS
SUBMITTED BY
MYRA MAE R. NUÑEZ
SUBMITTED TO
DR. DEZZA A. URBIZTONDO
SWIMMING AND AQUATICS
HISTORY OF AQUATICS: Swimming and other forms of water

works
One of human kind oldest physical activities, swimming is done for

exercise, pleasure, and competition. The ability to swim also may save a
person's life. At Berkeley, as at most colleges, until the 1930's both male and
female students (unless excused for health reasons) were required to
demonstrate the ability to swim 50 yards to graduate. The original men's
swimming pool was located in "Co-ed" (Strawberry) Canyon. According to the
1915-16 Register, instruction was given in the crawl, breaststroke, etc., diving,
and "methods of rescue and resuscitation." A fenced swimming pool for women
was built adjacent to Hearst Hall in 1914.
In addition to numerous classes, both departments organized intramural

and inter-class swimming events. By the 1940's, the Synchronized Swimming
Club was offering an annual water pageant to which the general student body
was invited. This, like other swimming activities for women, took place at the
large black and white marble pool at Hearst Gymnasium (completed in 1927). A
large swimming pool and a smaller diving pool (each used for classes,
intramurals, and intercollegiate events) were built adjacent to the new Harmon
Gymnasium, completed in 1933. These were converted into the Spieker
Aquatics Complex in the 1980's.
Until the 1970's, when they became co-educational, classes at each

facility ranged from beginning to advance swimming. Students also might take
diving, and/or Red Cross lifesaving and water safety instructor courses from
one of several of the Department of Physical Education's well qualified faculty.
Today's Physical Education Program offers a similar range of aquatic activities.
Women’s Life Saving class – Women’s Swimming - Old Hearst Hall Pool
Hearst North Pool late 1920’s 1920’s
Women’s Swimming
Women’s - Hearst
Diving North Pool
- Hearst
LatePool
North 1930’s
1940’s
Lifesaving/WSI Summer Lifesaving/WSI

Course - 1930’s Course -1940’s
Women’s Swimming
Swimming - Harmon- Pool
Hearst North
1940’s
Pool 1950’s
Lifesaving
Boating class. Course - 1950’s
Hearst North Pool.
SWIMMING EXERCISE PRIOR TO

ACTUAL SWIMMING SESSION
WARM UP EXERCISE
As with running, it's important to

adequately warm your body up before you
hop in the water. Just stretching your arms
isn't going to cut it.
Here are some swim-specific prep exercises that you should do before you swim
to make sure your body has the mobility it needs to get through any stroke
efficiently. This sequence only takes about three to five minutes.
 Lunge and Stretch

 Standing Ts
 Forward bend
 Standing backbend
 Arm circles
 90/90 stretch
 Quad rocking
AQUA ZUMBA EXERCISE
WHAT IS AQUA ZUMBA?
Aqua Zumba is classic aqua aerobics

with Latin flavor added. You perform
large muscle movements by reaching
your arms and lifting your legs in the
water, as well as circling your hips
and shoulders. Instructors receive
quarterly DVD releases with new
routines for their students.
The typical land-based Zumba dance

steps, such as cha-cha, merengue, salsa, reggaeton and mambo, need to be
more exaggerated and slower in the water, so the water tempo is half the land
tempo.
There is less impact on your joints during an Aqua Zumba® class so you can
really let loose. Water creates natural resistance, which means every step is
more challenging and helps tone your muscles.
CONCEPT AND IMPORTANCE OF SWIMMING PER SESSION

Swimming is a great recreational activity for people of all ages.

Recreational swimming can provide you with a low-impact workout and it’s
also a good way to relax and feel good. Common swimming styles in
recreational swimming are breaststroke, backstroke, side stroke and freestyle.
Some people who enjoy swimming want to take it to a competitive level.

This can provide the health benefits of a vigorous workout as well as the fun
and thrill of competition. The main strokes used in competitive swimming are
breaststroke, freestyle, backstroke and butterfly. The distances swum in
competition swimming can vary from 50 metres in a pool to much further
distances in open water.
HISTORY OF SWIMMING, SWIMMERS ORGANIZATIONS AND COMPETITIONS
HISTORY OF SWIMMING
Archaeological and other evidence shows swimming to have been practiced as

early as 2500 bce in Egypt and thereafter in Assyrian, Greek, and Roman
civilizations. In Greece and Rome swimming was a part of martial training and
was, with the alphabet, also part of elementary education for males. In the
Orient swimming dates back at least to the 1st century bce, there being some
evidence of swimming races then in Japan. By the 17th century an imperial
edict had made the teaching of swimming compulsory in the schools.
Organized swimming events were held in the 19th century before Japan was
opened to the Western world. Among the preliterate maritime peoples of the
Pacific, swimming was evidently learned by children about the time they
walked, or even before. Among the ancient Greeks there is note of occasional
races, and a famous boxer swam as part of his training. The Romans built
swimming pools, distinct from their baths. In the 1st century bce the Roman
Gaius Maecenas is said to have built the first heated swimming pool.
The lack of swimming in Europe during the Middle Ages is explained by some
authorities as having been caused by a fear that swimming spread infection
and caused epidemics. There is some evidence of swimming at seashore resorts
of Great Britain in the late 17th century, evidently in conjunction with water
therapy. Not until the 19th century, however, did the popularity of swimming
as both recreation and sport begin in earnest. When the first swimming
organization was formed there in 1837, London had six indoor pools with
diving boards. The first swimming championship was a 440-yard (400-metre)

race, held in Australia in 1846 and annually thereafter. The Metropolitan
Swimming Clubs of London, founded in 1869, ultimately became the Amateur
Swimming Association, the governing body of British amateur swimming.
National swimming federations were formed in several European countries
from 1882 to 1889. In the United States swimming was first nationally
organized as a sport by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) on its founding in
1888. The Fédération Internationale de Natation Amateur (FINA) was founded
in 1909.
SWIMMERS ORGANIZATION
Swimming is an international sport, with competitions held all over the

world. Learn about these swimming championships, and keep up with the
latest developments in the world of competitive swimming on the Web sites of
these major swimming organizations.
The International Swimming Federation governs aquatic sports,

including lap swimming and open-water swimming. It oversees the aquatic
competitions during the Olympics, and governs the biannual FINA World
Championships, which are the most prominent swimming competitions outside
of the Olympics. Its official site has press releases, results, rankings, world
records and regulations. It also features swimmer biographies and video
highlights from FINA events, which can be downloaded in WMV format.
USASwimming.org is the official governing body of American swimming. Its

site has weekly features, including "20 Question Tuesday," an interview with a
prominent American swimmer. The archive of race results is from as far back
as 1964, but doesn't offer instantly updated numbers. Those can be found
through "LSC Results Links."
The Ligue Européenne de Natation is the governing body of European

swimming, incorporating 50 national swimming federations. Its site includes
historical records, regulations, and links to individual federations.
The Channel Swimming Association is the official governing body of swims

across the English Channel. It sets guidelines and maintains records, both of
which can be found on the site. It also includes stories from swimmers and
profiles of Channel-swimming pioneers and record breakers.
COMPETITIONS
Internationally, competitive swimming came into prominence with its

inclusion in the modern Olympic Games from their inception in 1896. Olympic
events were originally only for men, but women’s events were added in 1912.
Before the formation of FINA, the Games included some unusual events. In
1900, for instance, when the Games’ swimming events were held on the Seine
River in France, a 200-metre obstacle race involved climbing over a pole and a
line of boats and swimming under them. Such oddities disappeared after FINA
took charge. Under FINA regulations, for both Olympic and other world
competition, race lengths came increasingly to be measured in metres, and in
1969 world records for yard-measured races were abolished. The kinds of
strokes allowed were reduced to freestyle (crawl), backstroke, breaststroke, and
butterfly. All four strokes were used in individual medley races. Many nations
have at one time or another dominated Olympic and world competition,
including Hungary, Denmark, Australia, Germany, France, Great Britain,
Canada, Japan, and the United States.
In competition there are freestyle races at distances of 50, 100, 200, 400,
800, and 1,500 metres; backstroke, breaststroke, and butterfly races at 100
metres and 200 metres; individual medley races at 200 metres and 400 metres;
the freestyle relays, 4 × 100 metres and 4 × 200 metres; and the medley relay,
4 × 100 metres.
Starts are all (with the exception of the backstroke) from a standing or
forward-leaning position, the object being to get the longest possible glide
before the stroke begins. All races are in multiples of the pool length, so that
the touch before turning, which is varied for different stroke races, is important
for success. In relay races, a swimmer finishes his leg of the relay by touching
the starting edge of the pool, upon which his next teammate dives into the
water to begin his leg.
BASIC SKILLS IN SWIMMING

RULES AND REGILATIONS DURING THE COMPETITION
INTERPRERATION OF FINA RULES
i) FINA RULES
- The Strokes - FINA Basic Rules (FOBISIA interpretation)
- Turns - FINA Basic Rules (FOBISIA interpretation)
- Starts - FINA Basic Rules (FOBISIA interpretation)
- Finishing - FINA Basic Rules (FOBISIA interpretation)
FINA RULES - FOBISIA competitions will follow FINA Laws regarding the above
areas of the sport.
4 STROKES - FINA Rules apply in terms of the nature of the strokes.
Rules of the strokes and start/turn/finish of the strokes of FINA
FINA Rules apply to below explanations of the strokes:
FREESTYLE:
The swimmer may swim any style, except that in individual medley or
medley relay events, freestyle means any style other than backstroke,
breaststroke or butterfly.
Some part of the swimmer must touch the wall upon completion of each
length and at the finish.
Some part of the swimmer must break the surface of the water
throughout the race, except it shall be permissible for the swimmer to be
completely submerged during the turn and for a distance of not more than
15metres after the start and each turn.
BACKSTROKE:
At the signal for starting and after turning the swimmer shall push off
and swim upon his/her back throughout the race except when executing a
turn. The normal position on the back can include a roll movement of the body
up to, but not including 90 degrees from horizontal.
Some part of the swimmer must break the surface of the water
throughout the race. It is permissible for the swimmer to be completely
submerged during the turn, at the finish and for a distance of not more than
15 metres after the start and each turn. However, recent developments and
trends, swimmers and coaches have developed a “Fish Action” (Fly kick on a
swimmers side!) same distance applies and passing through 90°! (This would
be deemed as swimming on their front and thus not backstroke)
Upon the finish of the race the swimmer must touch the wall while on the
back.
BREASTSTROKE:
From the beginning of the first arm stroke after the start and after each
turn, the body shall be kept on the breast. It is not permitted to roll onto the
back at any time.
All movements of the arms shall be simultaneous and in the same

horizontal plane without alternating movement.
After the start and after each turn, the swimmer may take one arm stroke
completely back to the legs. The head must break the surface of the water
before the hands turn inward at the widest part of the second stroke. A single
downward dolphin kick followed by a breaststroke kick is permitted while
wholly submerged.
The feet must be turned outwards during the propulsive part of the kick.
A scissors, flutter or downward kick is not permitted except breaking the
surface of the water with the feet is allowed unless followed by a downward
dolphin kick.
At each turn and at the finish of the race, the touch shall be made with
both hands simultaneously at, above, or below the water level.
BUTTERFLY:
From the beginning of the first arm stroke after the start and each turn,
the body shall be kept on the breast.
Under water kicking on the side is allowed. It is not permitted to roll onto
the back at any time.
Both arms shall be brought forward together over the water and brought
backward simultaneously throughout the race.
All up and down movements of the legs must be simultaneous. The legs
or the feet need to be on the same level, but they shall not alternate in relation
to each other. A breaststroke kicking is not permitted.
At the start and turns, a swimmer is permitted one or more leg kicks and
one arm pull under the water, which must bring him/her to the surface. It
shall be permissible for a swimmer to be completely submerged for a distance
of not more than 15 metres after the start and each turn.
MEDLEY SWIMMING:
In Individual Medley events, the swimmer covers the four swimming

styles in the following order: Butterfly, Backstroke, Breaststroke and Freestyle.
In Medley Relay events, swimmers will cover the four swimming styles in
the following order: Backstroke, Breaststroke, Butterfly and Freestyle.
STARTS
ALL FRONT/ PRONE STROKES

Swimmers are to start from the side of the pool (starting block, side of the
pool or in the water).
The same apples to relay events e.g. Freestyle.
BACKSTROKE STARTS
Swimmers have to start in the water.
Toes under the surface.
15 meters maximum under water before surfacing.
One false start rule.
RELAY STARTS
Starts apply according to entering the water as stated before.
Freestyle relays (forward dive)
Medley Relays will start in the water with the backstroke leg first and
backstroke start rules applying!
TAKEOVERS
Relay swimmers must not dive (feet leave starting block) before the
incoming swimmer (on their team) in the water has touched the end of the pool
in their lane.
FINISHES
Butterfly and Breaststroke finishes must be with both hands touching at

the same time and level.
Backstroke finishes must be on the back and can be with one hand
Freestyle finishes (depending on the chosen stroke) tend to be one

handed and on the swimmer front
THE RACE:
A swimmer swimming over the course alone shall cover the whole
distance to qualify.
A swimmer must finish the race in the same lane in which he/she
started.
In all events, a swimmer when turning shall make physical contact with
the end of the pool or course. The turn must be made from the wall, and it is
not permitted to take a stride or step from the bottom of the pool (If the host
pool has a shallow end)
Pulling on the lane rope is not allowed.
Obstructing another swimmer by swimming across another lane or

otherwise interfering shall disqualify the offender.
There shall be four swimmers on each relay team.
In relay events, the team of a swimmer whose feet lose touch with the
starting platform before the preceding team-mate touches the wall shall be
disqualified.
Any relay team shall be disqualified from a race if a team member, other
than the swimmer designated to swim that length, enters the water when the
race is being conducted, before all swimmers of all teams have finished the
race.
The members of a relay team and their order of competing must be

nominated before the race. Any relay team member may compete in a race only
once.
Any swimmer having finished his/her race, or his/her distance in a relay

event, must leave the pool as soon as possible without obstructing and other
swimmer who has not yet finished his/her race.
All turns require contact as this indicates successful completion of each

lap.
Failure to execute turns properly will result in a DQ (disqualification)Turn

judges have to properly notify the start judge of the violation then to warrant if
it is a ‘DQ’able violation of the rules.
Swimmer and coach need to be notified immediately after the race so that
swimmers and coaches are not left in the dark with unexplained DQ.’s
FOBISIA INTERPRETATION – STROKES
Meet officials will use discretion when disqualifying swimmers.
FINA Rules apply to medal winning swimmers.
If a swimmer is NO T in medal position and is NOT gaining from improper

stroke technique the judges should be told of the improper stroke technique.
Examples :
“Screw” leg kick on breaststroke,
Arms not clearing the water level on butterfly.
FOBISIA INTERPRETATION
If a swimmer is in a medal winning position then FINA rules apply.
Or if the swimmer gains a medal winning position from incorrect turns

then the FINA rules apply.
If the swimmer is not winning a medal and makes an improper turn, the
position will stand No DQ!
NB it is vital to appreciate that the FOBISIA Games are a multi discipline

competition and as such some swimmers will NOT be well versed in competitive
swimming rules. The host school needs to communicate this to officials and
stroke judges and ensure that DQs are not the norm.
A Group Format
FOBISIA Swimming 2016 Max 5, Min 2 (including tyre)
NB should a school only field one competitor, then that athlete shall be
considered the ‘A’ swimmer
Host schools have appointed a Meet Director to co-ordinate the event.

This is a member of staff also coaching a team. The Meet Directors’ decision
concerning inconsistencies between placing, times and the stroke judges’
decisions shall be final.
Scoring System for events
6 Schools
A Events: 1st 18pts, 2nd 17pts, 3rd 16pts, 4th 15 pts, 5th 14pts, 6th
13pts
B Events: 1st 12pts, 2nd 11pts, 3rd 10pts, 4th 9pts, 5th 8pts, 6th 7pts
C Events: 1st 6pts, 2nd 5pts, 3rd 4pts, 4th 3 pts, 5th 2pts; 6th 1pt
All Relays are double points, just normal A and B race points awarded.
All events will take place under international rules with the following exception.
All races will take place in a 25m pool.
Backstroke flags are placed 5m from each end wall of the pool
Electronic, we do not have we will have time keepers
Two timers will time each lane.
Place judges will decide finishing positions for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th
places rather than using times. The times will be used for personal records
only. Times will decide all other finishing positions.
Lanes have been allocated well before the event.
Starting signal is a hooter.
In the event of a false start, a continuous siren will be activated.
There may be NO false start rope.
Sitting in the Tyre Relay (Car tyre size inner tubes)
10 x 23m sitting in the tyre relay will consist of all 12 members of the
team, 6 girls starting at the start line with 6 boys opposite them.
The tyre starts on the side of the pool. The swimmer has to place the tyre
on their bottom; they lower themselves into the water and paddle using their
arms and kicking their legs in order to get to the other side.
Once the swimmer in the tyre has reached the side of the pool the
swimmer can get out and the next person can then get onto the tyre and go
until the race is over.
The finish will be judged when the first tyre with swimmer on it on the
last leg touches the side of the pool.
If a swimmer for any reason falls out they must not use the lane ropes to
pull themselves in order to gain an advantage but climb back into the tyre and
continue the race.
SWIMMING STROKES AND WARM UP EXERCISES IN THE WATER/

SWIMMING POOL
Here Are 8 Different Swimming Styles and Strokes:
Freestyle/Front Crawl
The front crawl is likely the first swimming stroke you think of when you
picture swimming. It is commonly called the freestyle stroke as most swimmers
choose to use this stroke in freestyle events as it is the fastest.
To execute the front crawl, you lie on your stomach with your body parallel to
the water. Propel yourself forward with alternating arm movements in a sort of
windmill motion that starts by pushing underwater and recovers above water.
Your legs should propel you with a flutter kick, which is performed with
pointed feet as your legs move up and down in alternation. Do not bend your
legs at the knee.
Time your breathing to match your swimming strokes by turning your head to
the side while your arm is in the recovery (above water) position. Do not turn
your head too far and face upward or you will actually sink into the water
rather than remain above it.
Backstroke
The backstroke requires similar movements to the front crawl, but it is done,
as the name suggests, on your back. Doctors often recommend this stroke to
individuals with back problems as it provides a great back workout.
To perform the backstroke, while floating on your back, alternate your arms
with a windmill-like motion to propel yourself backwards. Like the front crawl,
your arms should start the circular motion by pushing underwater and
recovering above water. Your legs should engage in a flutter kick. Your face
should be above the surface as you look straight up.
Keep your body as straight as possible, with a slight decline in the lower body
to keep your legs underwater. Don’t allow your hips to get too low or your body
to bend too much or it will slow you down. Keep your legs close together and
use the motion from your hips to get a more powerful kick.
Your face will remain out of the water, but you will still want to be cognizant of
your breathing rhythm. Again, match your breaths to your strokes.
Breaststroke
The breaststroke is the slowest competitive swimming stroke, and it is the most
commonly learned stroke. It’s often taught to beginner swimmers because it
does not require putting your head underwater. However, in competitive
swimming, swimmers do submerge their head and breathe at designated points
in the stroke.
This stroke is performed with your stomach facing down. Your arms move
simultaneously beneath the surface of the water in a half circular movement in
front of your body. Your legs perform the whip kick at the same time. The whip
kick is executed by bringing your legs from straight behind you close to your
body by bending both at your knees and at your hips. Your legs then move
outward and off to the side before extending and coming back together. This
swimming technique is often compared to a frog’s movement.
Time each arm stroke to match your leg movements for more effective
propulsion by resting the arms while the legs kick, and straightening the legs
while the arms push you forward. This way, there is always something working
to continue forward movement.
Butterfly
The butterfly is an advanced swimming stroke that provides an excellent

workout. It can be more difficult and tiring to learn, but it is also a lot of fun. It
is the second fastest competitive stroke, and the favorite stroke of Olympic
legend Michael Phelps.
To perform the butterfly stroke, start horizontal with your stomach facing the
bottom of the pool. Bring your arms simultaneously over your head and push
them into the water to propel you forward and bring them up out of the water
again to repeat. As you move your arms into the water, you will push your
head and shoulders above the surface of the water.
Your legs will perform a dolphin kick, which requires your legs to stay together
and straight as you kick them similarly to how a dolphin’s lower body and tail
moves. Move your body in a fluid wave-like motion.
The best time to take a breath will be when your arms are just starting to come
out of the water, just before you begin the next forward thrust. Lift your head
straight in front of you during this move and do not turn your head to the side.
Sidestroke
This is an older swimming style that is not typically used in swim competitions,
but is still an important stroke to learn for safety reasons. It is most commonly
used by lifeguards when they rescue someone, as this stroke most easily allows
you to pull something along with you. It involves swimming on your side, as
the name implies, propelling yourself forward with a scissor kick and
alternating arm movements. It’s one of the easier strokes to learn, and can be a
nice break from the more popular swim strokes if you’re looking to add more
variety into your routine.
One way to remember the sidestroke is by comparing it to apple picking. Your

first arm will stretch above your head and pick an apple, then your hands will
meet in front of your chest. The first arm hands the apple to the second arm
(the side of the body that is on top and partly out of the water). The second arm
will reach out to toss the apple behind you as the first arm reaches above your
head for another apple.
Elementary Backstroke
This is a variation from the typical backstroke you see. It uses a reversed
breaststroke kick while your arms move in sync beneath the water. It’s called
“elementary” because of its simple technique that’s easy to pick up, and is
often one of the first swim strokes taught to new swimmers for this reason.
This stroke is often taught to children using fun nicknames for the parts of the
movement. Bring your hands to your armpits like a monkey, spread your arms
like an airplane, then push them down to your sides like a soldier.
Combat Side Stroke
This is a form of the sidestroke that all US Navy SEALs have to learn. Efficient
and energy-saving, the combat side stroke is a kind of a combination of
breaststroke, freestyle, and, obviously, sidestroke. It reduces the swimmer’s
profile in the water, making them less visible while allowing them to swim with
maximum efficiency–two critical criteria for combat operations that require
swimming on the surface. You will focus on balance, length, and rotation. The
combat side stroke is a relatively complicated stroke to learn, so click here for
the full official description and steps.
Trudgen
This stroke evolved from the sidestroke and is named after the English
swimmer John Trudgen. You swim mostly on your side, alternating lifting each
arm out of the water and over your head. It uses a scissor kick that only comes
in every other stroke. When your left arm is over your head, you spread your
legs apart to prepare to kick, and then as the arm comes down you straighten
your legs and snap them together for the scissor kick. This stroke is
particularly unique because your head remains above the water for the
entirety.

Bped 109 - Nuñez, Myra Mae

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Bped 109 - Nuñez, Myra Mae

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Bped 109 - Nuñez, Myra Mae

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Republic of the Philippines

SURIGAO DEL SUR STATE UNIVERSITY

BPED 109: SWIMMING

MYRA MAE R. NUÑEZ

DR. DEZZA A. URBIZTONDO

SWIMMING AND AQUATICS

HISTORY OF AQUATICS: Swimming and other forms of water

One of human kind oldest physical activities, swimming is done for

In addition to numerous classes, both departments organized intramural

Until the 1970's, when they became co-educational, classes at each

Lifesaving/WSI Summer Lifesaving/WSI

SWIMMING EXERCISE PRIOR TO

As with running, it's important to

 Lunge and Stretch

AQUA ZUMBA EXERCISE

WHAT IS AQUA ZUMBA?

Aqua Zumba is classic aqua aerobics

The typical land-based Zumba dance

CONCEPT AND IMPORTANCE OF SWIMMING PER SESSION

Swimming is a great recreational activity for people of all ages.

Some people who enjoy swimming want to take it to a competitive level.

HISTORY OF SWIMMING, SWIMMERS ORGANIZATIONS AND COMPETITIONS

Archaeological and other evidence shows swimming to have been practiced as

diving boards. The first swimming championship was a 440-yard (400-metre)

Swimming is an international sport, with competitions held all over the

The International Swimming Federation governs aquatic sports,

USASwimming.org is the official governing body of American swimming. Its

The Ligue Européenne de Natation is the governing body of European

The Channel Swimming Association is the official governing body of swims

Internationally, competitive swimming came into prominence with its

BASIC SKILLS IN SWIMMING

RULES AND REGILATIONS DURING THE COMPETITION

INTERPRERATION OF FINA RULES

- The Strokes - FINA Basic Rules (FOBISIA interpretation)

- Turns - FINA Basic Rules (FOBISIA interpretation)

- Starts - FINA Basic Rules (FOBISIA interpretation)

- Finishing - FINA Basic Rules (FOBISIA interpretation)

4 STROKES - FINA Rules apply in terms of the nature of the strokes.

Rules of the strokes and start/turn/finish of the strokes of FINA

FINA Rules apply to below explanations of the strokes:

All movements of the arms shall be simultaneous and in the same

In Individual Medley events, the swimmer covers the four swimming

ALL FRONT/ PRONE STROKES

The same apples to relay events e.g. Freestyle.

Swimmers have to start in the water.

Toes under the surface.

15 meters maximum under water before surfacing.

One false start rule.

Starts apply according to entering the water as stated before.

Freestyle relays (forward dive)

Butterfly and Breaststroke finishes must be with both hands touching at

Freestyle finishes (depending on the chosen stroke) tend to be one

Pulling on the lane rope is not allowed.

Obstructing another swimmer by swimming across another lane or

There shall be four swimmers on each relay team.

The members of a relay team and their order of competing must be

Any swimmer having finished his/her race, or his/her distance in a relay

All turns require contact as this indicates successful completion of each