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Reporting Invetigasi Geoteknik Ing
Reporting Invetigasi Geoteknik Ing
Reporting Invetigasi Geoteknik Ing
Subject: Final Report of Geotechnical Investigation in the Mining Business License for
Specific Production Operation (IUP OPK) Areas of PT. Phoenix Alumina
Industry, Tanjung Baik Budi village, District of Matan Hilir Utara, Ketapang
Regency, West Kalimantan
Sincerely,
Referring to the project has been conducted, we hereby submit the Final Report of
Geotechnical Investigation in Mining Business License for Specific Production Operation
(IUP OPK) Areas of PT. Phoenix Alumina Industry, Tanjung Baik Budi village, District of
Matan Hilir Utara, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan. The work has been completed as
referred to the contract number 016/SPK/MBE-PAI/VIII/2020 in 7th August 2020 given by
PT. Moluccas Borneo Energi to PT Phoenix Alumina Industry.
This report provides data of Geotechnical Investigation result and several recommendations
for advanced construction planning. We are open for discussion and clarification from all
aspects based on this report.
We would like to expresses our gratitude to the leaders and employees of PT. Pheonix
Alumina Industry for their assistance during the field investigation process.
The soil investigation survey research area was conducted in the Mining Business License for
Specific Production Operation (IUP OPK) Areas of PT. Phoenix Alumina Industry, Tanjung
Baik Budi village, District of Matan Hilir Utara, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan.
PT Phoenix Alumina Industry planned to build an industrial alumina refinery facility. In the
early stages, PT Pheonix Alumina Industry carried out land acquisition activities and
continued with land investigation activities which were the initial data necessary for the
factory structural design and engineering planning. The investigation method performed
including Core Drilling (using drilling machines), SPT (Standard Penetration Test) data
collection, CPT (Cone Penetration Test) data collection, and Laboratory Testing. This soil
investigation report will be used to support geotechnical planning such as the bearing capacity
of the excavation foundation and slope stability.
Based on field survey and data processing, there are several type of soil which consist of peat
layer, silt, and sand. These layers have a thickness variation ranged from 2 to 10 meters.
Standard Penetration Test (STP) was performed to find out the hardness of the layers. The
SPT was performed at the bore hole in the intervals of 2 meters, with the value obtained varies
from 2 to > 50.
Based on the investigation results of Cone Penetration Test, the average cone resistance value
of 150 kg / cm2 was found at the depth of 10 to 19 meters. Laboratory testing on undisturbed
soil samples (UDS) results shows that the index property of cohesive soil in general has a
high plasticity and the presents of water (moisture content) from varying depths. Based on the
soil mechanics tests, the results show a phi (Φ) value of 3.262o - 15,855o and average cohesive
of (c) 4,609 - 53,64 kN / m2.
The calculation of the bearing capacity of the foundation uses several methods including the
Meyerhof’s method, the Van Der Ween’s method and the Luciano Decourt’s method. Based
on the soil investigation result, it is suggested that the type of foundation used is the pile type.
In general, the results of the allowable bearing capacity calculation, the pile type that can be
used is the round pile foundation with the diameter of 30 cm.
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ……………………...…………………………..………………. i
TABLE OF CONTENTS ………..……………..……………………………………...……. ii
LIST OF FIGURES……………...…………………………………………………………... v
LIST OF TABLES ….……………………………………………………………………... vi
1 Background.............................................................................................................................. 1
ii
7.3 Subsurface Soil/Rock Profile .......................................................................................... 19
7.4 Result of Insitu Standard Penetration Test (SPT) of Geotechnical Investigation Drilling
.............................................................................................................................................. 25
9.1.1 Bearing Capacity Based On Standard Penetration Test (SPT) Method ................... 35
9.1.2 Bearing Capacity Based On Cone Penetration Test (CPT) Method ........................ 39
10 Limitation ............................................................................................................................ 47
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A – Documentation
iii
APPENDIX A-5 – Documentation DHS-GT05
iv
LIST OF FIGURES
v
LIST OF TABLES
vi
Table 20 The calculation result of allowable pile foundation bearing capacity of DHS-GT06
.................................................................................................................................................. 45
Table 21 The Result of Bearing Capacity Calculation using the Laboratoy Data ................... 46
vii
Final Roport Revisi 00
Soil Ivestigation September 2020
PT Pheonix Alumina Industry Site: Ketapang
1 Background
PT. Pheonix Alumina Industry assigned PT. Moluccas Borneo Energi to carry out
Geotechnical Investigation within the Mining Business License for Specific Production
Operation (IUP OPK) area of PT. Pheonix Alumina Industry, which is located in Tanjung
Baik Budi Village, Matan Hilir Utara District, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan. The
geotechnical investigation work was coordinated by the project manager Effriyardi Prianata
and was carried out in accordance with the contract number 016 / SPK / MBE-PAI / VIII /
2020 dated 7th August 2020. This report encompasses field investigation data, laboratory data,
and interpretation of subsurface characteristics in the IUP-OPK area of PT. Pheonix Alumina
Industry.
Geotechnical investigation in the IUP - OPK area of PT PAI was started on 11th August 2020
and was completed on 30th August 2020. The operation was followed by laboratory testing
and preparation of final report. The completed fieldwork includes 6 (six) core drilling points,
72 (seventy two) Standard Penetration Tests, 6 (six) Cone Penetration Tests. The report
includes the following information:
2 Scope of Work
The Order of the Investigation is:
• 6 (six) core drilling points with a depth of 25 meters.
• 72 (seventy two) Standard Penetration Tests at 2 meters intervals.
• 6 (six) points of the Cone Penetration Tests using a 2.5-ton penetrometer device.
Soil investigation works performed include 6 (six) core drilling points, 6 (six) Cone
Penetration Test points, 72 (seventy two) Standard Penetration Test, and 12 (twelve)
undisturbed soil samples (UDS). Relative position of the geotechnical investigation site and
the location of drilling and CPT points in the IUP - OPK area of PT Pheonix Alumina Industry
is shown on the map (Figure 1).
The hammer is dropped freely to the top end of the rod repeatedly until it penetrates 15 cm
into the ground, and then the number of blow is recorded. This process was repeated for the
next 2 x 15 cm depth. The SPT blows value for the last 2 x 15 cm penetration is stated as the
N value.
All equipments and procedures used in this investigation generally follow SNI or ASTM
standards.
• Meassurement on the menometer 3 times in a row shows values > 150 kg / cm2.
• The CPT tool is lifted upwards while the manometer reading has not shown the
maximum number, then the sondir tool is weighted.
In general, the implementation of CPT in this investigation. follows the SNI and ASTM
standards.
6 Laboratory Testing
Laboratory testing is an additional classification testing, consisting of several tests, including:
1. Atterberg Limits
2. Particle Size Distribution / Sieve Analysis
3. Density
4. Unit Weight
5. Moisture Content
As well as several tests related to the mechanical strength of the soil, including:
The liquid limit (LL) and plastic limit (PL) is determined according to the ASTM and SNI
standards.
The filters used, based on ASTM standard, are number 4, 10, 20, 40, 80, 100, and 200. If there
are a sufficiently large number of grain sizes smaller than 74 microns, this test has to be
completed with a hydrometer analysis, where the soil sample is mixed with water and then
stirred using a mixer for approximately 15 minutes. Additives are used to prevent the grains
from clumping. The soil sample in the container (measuring cup) is then measured with a
hydrometric device at certain times, so that the distribution of grain sizes of the settled grains
can be determined.
The bottle then filled partially with distilled water and mixed with dry soil sample which has
been weighted beforehand, then vacuumed, and then filled with distilled water to the brim and
weighted. The unit weight and grain weight of the soil are calculated at a temperature of 20ºC.
This test was carried out in accordance with the ASTM and SNI standards.
By repeating the test at different normal loads, a soil strength line is obtained which shows the
cohesion value (c) and the inner shear angle (Φ).
This unconfined compressive test was applied on both undisturbed soil sample and disturbed
sample. From the value of the maximum compressive strength that can be received in each
sample, the soil sensitivity will be obtained. This sensitivity value measures how the soil
behaves towards external disturbance.
DHS-GT05 mineral.
DHS-GT06 material.
Silt, light grey, high plasticity, contains water, poorly
6–9m
cemented, slightly stiff – stiff.
In general, the geotechnical core drilling results in silt and clay deposits at the upper part and
fine to coarse sand at the lower part. This marsh deposit is considered as recent deposits and
contains a large amount of biodegradable organic materials (Figure 14 to 19).
The classification of N-SPT value is related to the soil relative density (Terzaghi and Pack,
1967) and soil consistency based on soil stiffness (Table 8).
Based on the index properties test result, with the sampling depth varies from 4 – 15 meters,
the bulk density acquired ranged from 1,528 – 2,176 t/m³. In general the specific gravity value
ranged from 2,527 to 2,692, while the plastic limit and liquid limit ranged from 20,76 % to
35,31 % and 22,46 % to 75,63 % respectively, and the plasticity index ranged from 5,51 % to
42,79 %. The moisture contents are varies from 26,544 % to 127,355 %. The highest natural
moisture content are found in DHS-GT04, at the depth of 8,50 m. This might occur as a result
of high organic material content in soil (Figure 26).
Figure 26 Variation of Index Properties, Strength, and Consolidation values, with respect to depth
Despite its soft characteristic, the overall soil condition is in decent condition especially for
structural foundation supports (bearing layer). This is indicated by the average N-SPT value of
>4.
What identified as the potential problem is the existence of clay soil, which has a very good
bearing capacity when in dry condition but on the contrary when in saturated condition.
Therefore, the selection and determination of foundation type, dimension, and depth are of
important aspect in structural planning and construction.
Consolidation test also performed on undisturbed silt and clay samples (UDS) in order to
calculate the pontential foundation settlement and duration of the settlement that is likely to
occur. The soil bearing capacity determination based on site investigation can be performed
by using SPT and CPT result, as suggested by Bowles (1997).
The soil bearing capacity is calculated to help engineer determine the deep foundation type.
The soil bearing capacity calculation is implemented by utilizing 3 methods, the Standard
Penetration Test (SPT), Cone Penetration Test (CPT) and Laboratory test result.
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 + 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 = [𝛼𝛼(𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 × 𝐾𝐾)𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴] + (𝛽𝛽[ + 1]𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴)
3
Where:
Qu = Pile Bearing Capacity (ton)
𝛼𝛼 = Bottom Pile Coefficient
𝛽𝛽 = Pile Skin Friction Coefficient
qp = Pile Point Bearing Capacity (ton)
qs = Pile Skin Friction Capacity/resistance (ton)
Ap = Pile Tip Area (m²)
As = Pile Shaft Surface Area (Circumference x depth of pile penetration) (m²)
Np = SPT bearing capacity factors value
Ns = Average Depth Factors Along the Pile within the ranged of 3<N<50
B = Foundation Diameter
The pile sizes used in the foundation bearing capacity analysis are pile with a diameter of
20cm, 25cm, 30cm, and square pile of 20cm x 20 cm , with the pile length assumed as the
penetration depth into of which according to the SPT value is the hard soil. This
recommendation analysis represents only as a general overview of pile foundation bearing
capacity. The detailed calculation and analysis would be performed by the building structure
planner. The summary of pile foundation calculation results are shown in Table 9 to Table
14.
Kedalaman (m)
12 37.66 12.55 49.27 16.42 52.42 17.47 68.49 22.83
12.5 Sandy Silt 44.32 14.77 57.87 19.29 62.23 20.74 82.36 27.45 12
13 48.83 16.28 63.01 21.00 67.71 22.57 89.21 29.74
13.5 54.04 18.01 68.82 22.94 73.91 24.64 96.92 32.31
14 59.44 19.81 75.30 25.10 80.84 26.95 103.37 34.46
14.5 64.96 21.65 81.17 27.06 86.94 28.98 110.57 36.86 14
15 70.58 23.53 87.30 29.10 93.30 31.10 118.65 39.55
15.5 76.39 25.46 93.68 31.23 99.89 33.30 127.03 42.34
16 82.48 27.49 100.30 33.43 106.69 35.56 135.68 45.23
16
16.5 95.12 31.71 110.13 36.71 116.91 38.97 148.83 49.61
17 102.25 34.08 120.72 40.24 127.90 42.63 162.68 54.23
17.5 109.15 36.38 132.11 44.04 139.68 46.56 177.49 59.16
18 115.77 38.59 144.32 48.11 152.30 50.77 193.29 64.43 18
18.5 130.03 43.34 155.83 51.94 164.07 54.69 208.08 69.36
19 135.60 45.20 166.75 55.58 175.08 58.36 222.06 74.02
19.5 140.05 46.68 177.07 59.02 185.32 61.77 235.12 78.37
20
20 143.93 47.98 186.76 62.25 194.77 64.92 247.23 82.41
20.5 157.45 52.48 194.90 64.97 202.39 67.46 257.15 85.72
21 159.75 53.25 202.07 67.36 208.94 69.65 264.71 88.24
21.5 162.59 54.20 208.22 69.41 214.36 71.45 270.93 90.31 22
22 166.39 55.46 213.30 71.10 218.61 72.87 275.73 91.91
22.5 185.92 61.97 220.78 73.59 225.55 75.18 283.77 94.59
23 194.30 64.77 231.69 77.23 236.31 78.77 295.65 98.55
23.5 202.72 67.57 246.11 82.04 250.97 83.66 312.21 104.07 24
24 211.97 70.66 264.13 88.04 269.62 89.87 333.56 111.19
Table 10 The calculation result of allowable pile foundation bearing capacity of DHS-GT02
Ukuran Tiang Pancang D20 20x20 D25 D30
Kedalaman QL P ijin QL P ijin QL P ijin QL P ijin Pijin vs Kedalaman Pijin D20
Jenis Tanah
(m) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) Pijin 20x20
0 Peat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pijin D25
0.5 0.46 0.15 0.72 0.24 0.79 0.26 1.20 0.40 Pijin D30
1 0.78 0.26 1.12 0.37 1.29 0.43 1.79 0.60 Pijin (t)
1.5 2.19 0.73 2.81 0.94 2.95 0.98 3.77 1.26 0.00 50.00 100.00
0
2 2.97 0.99 3.73 1.24 3.80 1.27 4.83 1.61
2.5 3.74 1.25 4.67 1.56 4.75 1.58 5.91 1.97
3 Clay 4.52 1.51 5.63 1.88 5.73 1.91 7.12 2.37
3.5 3.72 1.24 4.75 1.58 4.91 1.64 6.17 2.06 2
4 4.31 1.44 5.61 1.87 5.81 1.94 7.27 2.42
4.5 4.99 1.66 6.45 2.15 6.66 2.22 8.46 2.82
5 Silty Clay 6.50 2.17 8.35 2.78 8.80 2.93 11.36 3.79
5.5 7.45 2.48 9.43 3.14 9.93 3.31 12.74 4.25 4
6 8.41 2.80 10.61 3.54 11.15 3.72 14.26 4.75
6.5 9.37 3.12 11.86 3.95 12.45 4.15 15.88 5.29
7 10.33 3.44 13.15 4.38 13.79 4.60 17.61 5.87
6
7.5 11.31 3.77 14.47 4.82 15.17 5.06 19.38 6.46
8 12.35 4.12 15.83 5.28 16.58 5.53 21.45 7.15
8.5 13.48 4.49 17.43 5.81 18.27 6.09 24.04 8.01
9 14.68 4.89 19.43 6.48 20.43 6.81 26.81 8.94 8
9.5 16.22 5.41 21.58 7.19 22.77 7.59 29.78 9.93
10 18.26 6.09 23.89 7.96 25.28 8.43 33.22 11.07
10.5 20.63 6.88 26.78 8.93 28.43 9.48 37.42 12.47
10
11 23.51 7.84 30.44 10.15 32.39 10.80 42.61 14.20
11.5 26.86 8.95 34.50 11.50 36.81 12.27 48.35 16.12
Kedalaman (m)
Kedalaman (m)
12 50.66 16.89 62.39 20.80 66.96 22.32 86.22 28.74
12.5 61.33 20.44 76.30 25.43 82.96 27.65 106.62 35.54 12
13 66.75 22.25 84.01 28.00 91.23 30.41 117.72 39.24
13.5 71.32 23.77 91.33 30.44 98.91 32.97 128.12 42.71
14 77.59 25.86 98.27 32.76 106.00 35.33 137.29 45.76
14.5 83.28 27.76 104.05 34.68 111.67 37.22 145.46 48.49 14
15 Sandy Silt 107.98 35.99 134.99 45.00 148.22 49.41 193.39 64.46
15.5 112.24 37.41 142.34 47.45 155.80 51.93 203.54 67.85
16 116.18 38.73 149.13 49.71 162.71 54.24 213.10 71.03
16
16.5 127.57 42.52 156.68 52.23 170.02 56.67 223.58 74.53
17 130.91 43.64 163.99 54.66 177.00 59.00 231.95 77.32
17.5 134.00 44.67 171.03 57.01 183.62 61.21 239.90 79.97
18 137.16 45.72 177.80 59.27 189.87 63.29 247.40 82.47 18
18.5 150.36 50.12 184.39 61.46 195.91 65.30 254.65 84.88
19 154.00 51.33 191.43 63.81 202.48 67.49 261.94 87.31
19.5 158.05 52.68 198.93 66.31 209.56 69.85 269.85 89.95
20
20 162.29 54.10 206.88 68.96 217.14 72.38 278.36 92.79
20.5 178.80 59.60 215.74 71.91 225.78 75.26 288.13 96.04
21 183.74 61.25 225.13 75.04 235.00 78.33 299.02 99.67
21.5 190.30 63.43 235.03 78.34 244.81 81.60 310.62 103.54 22
22 198.21 66.07 245.44 81.81 255.20 85.07 322.91 107.64
22.5 220.73 73.58 258.94 86.31 269.09 89.70 339.40 113.13
23 232.97 77.66 275.20 91.73 286.11 95.37 360.12 120.04
23.5 243.72 81.24 294.28 98.09 306.30 102.10 384.64 128.21 24
24 255.28 85.09 315.83 105.28 329.31 109.77 412.55 137.52
Table 12 The calculation result of allowable pile foundation bearing capacity of DHS-GT04
Ukuran Tiang Pancang D20 20x20 D25 D30
Kedalaman QL P ijin QL P ijin QL P ijin QL P ijin Pijin vs Kedalaman Pijin D20
Jenis Tanah Pijin 20x20
(m) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t)
0 Peat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pijin D25
0.5 0.46 0.15 0.72 0.24 0.79 0.26 1.20 0.40 Pijin D30
1 0.78 0.26 1.12 0.37 1.29 0.43 1.79 0.60 Pijin (t)
1.5 Silty Clay 2.39 0.80 3.09 1.03 3.34 1.11 4.40 1.47 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00
0
2 3.27 1.09 4.09 1.36 4.23 1.41 5.47 1.82
2.5 4.15 1.38 5.07 1.69 5.24 1.75 6.51 2.17
3 5.03 1.68 6.04 2.01 6.24 2.08 7.71 2.57
3.5 4.19 1.40 5.16 1.72 5.41 1.80 6.71 2.24 2
4 4.70 1.57 5.99 2.00 6.27 2.09 7.74 2.58
4.5 5.22 1.74 6.64 2.21 6.91 2.30 8.77 2.92
5 5.73 1.91 7.30 2.43 7.56 2.52 9.54 3.18
5.5 6.25 2.08 7.96 2.65 8.20 2.73 10.31 3.44 4
6 6.77 2.26 8.62 2.87 8.85 2.95 12.12 4.04
6.5 7.29 2.43 9.99 3.33 10.37 3.46 14.96 4.99
7 7.81 2.60 12.07 4.02 12.77 4.26 18.82 6.27
6
7.5 9.33 3.11 14.87 4.96 16.04 5.35 23.71 7.90
8 11.86 3.95 18.37 6.12 20.18 6.73 27.48 9.16
8.5 16.19 5.40 22.11 7.37 24.35 8.12 32.53 10.84
9 22.32 7.44 26.93 8.98 29.61 9.87 38.88 12.96 8
9.5 28.16 9.39 32.84 10.95 35.95 11.98 46.53 15.51
10 33.89 11.30 39.85 13.28 43.39 14.46 55.65 18.55
10.5 Sand 55.20 18.40 65.77 21.92 74.30 24.77 96.71 32.24
10
11 58.52 19.51 73.34 24.45 82.67 27.56 109.22 36.41
11.5 60.42 20.14 79.96 26.65 89.84 29.95 120.32 40.11
Kedalaman (m)
Kedalaman (m)
12 28.71 9.57 36.49 12.16 37.09 12.36 46.22 15.41
12.5 30.79 10.26 39.15 13.05 39.86 13.29 49.49 16.50 12
13 32.98 10.99 41.96 13.99 42.77 14.26 53.00 17.67
13.5 35.29 11.76 44.79 14.93 45.67 15.22 56.63 18.88
14 37.72 12.57 47.74 15.91 48.68 16.23 60.09 20.03
14.5 40.10 13.37 50.66 16.89 51.61 17.20 63.72 21.24 14
15 42.56 14.19 53.73 17.91 54.69 18.23 67.52 22.51
15.5 Sand 60.74 20.25 75.67 25.22 80.96 26.99 103.74 34.58
16 63.61 21.20 79.14 26.38 84.54 28.18 108.40 36.13
16
16.5 70.80 23.60 84.24 28.08 89.78 29.93 115.28 38.43
17 74.46 24.82 89.55 29.85 95.21 31.74 122.38 40.79
17.5 79.81 26.60 95.08 31.69 100.83 33.61 129.72 43.24
18 86.74 28.91 101.60 33.87 107.60 35.87 137.31 45.77 18
18.5 100.26 33.42 110.73 36.91 117.42 39.14 149.39 49.80
19 112.01 37.34 123.04 41.01 130.82 43.61 165.93 55.31
19.5 124.39 41.46 138.61 46.20 147.88 49.29 186.88 62.29
20
20 135.91 45.30 157.52 52.51 168.69 56.23 212.32 70.77
20.5 152.10 50.70 176.60 58.87 189.58 63.19 237.86 79.29
21 160.64 53.55 193.61 64.54 207.92 69.31 263.11 87.70
21.5 Silty Sand 144.31 48.10 179.58 59.86 188.15 62.72 236.31 78.77 22
22 151.74 50.58 191.53 63.84 200.24 66.75 252.85 84.28
22.5 165.62 55.21 202.62 67.54 211.28 70.43 268.12 89.37
23 174.89 58.30 214.93 71.64 223.63 74.54 282.97 94.32
23.5 183.84 61.28 228.49 76.16 237.32 79.11 299.44 99.81 24
24 193.06 64.35 243.32 81.11 252.37 84.12 317.54 105.85
Table 14 The calculation result of allowable pile foundation bearing capacity of DHS-GT06
Ukuran Tiang Pancang D20 20x20 D25 D30
Kedalaman QL P ijin QL P ijin QL P ijin QL P ijin Pijin vs Kedalaman Pijin D20
Jenis Tanah Pijin 20x20
(m) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t) (t)
0 Peat 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pijin D25
0.5 0.78 0.26 0.72 0.24 0.79 0.26 1.20 0.40 Pijin D30
1 1.41 0.47 1.12 0.37 1.29 0.43 1.79 0.60 Pijin (t)
1.5 2.19 0.73 2.81 0.94 2.95 0.98 3.77 1.26 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00
0
2 2.97 0.99 3.73 1.24 3.80 1.27 4.79 1.60
2.5 Silty Sand 4.40 1.47 5.33 1.78 5.56 1.85 6.96 2.32
3 5.34 1.78 6.36 2.12 6.62 2.21 8.23 2.74
3.5 4.50 1.50 5.51 1.84 5.85 1.95 7.29 2.43 2
4 5.01 1.67 6.39 2.13 6.76 2.25 9.42 3.14
4.5 5.53 1.84 7.76 2.59 8.29 2.76 12.60 4.20
5 6.05 2.02 9.86 3.29 10.71 3.57 15.99 5.33
5.5 7.58 2.53 12.33 4.11 13.57 4.52 19.90 6.63 4
6 Silt 9.22 3.07 13.53 4.51 14.88 4.96 21.16 7.05
6.5 12.41 4.14 17.05 5.68 18.84 6.28 26.33 8.78
7 16.65 5.55 21.71 7.24 24.00 8.00 32.92 10.97
6
7.5 21.68 7.23 27.11 9.04 29.97 9.99 40.48 13.49
8 26.68 8.89 33.26 11.09 36.75 12.25 48.79 16.26
8.5 31.70 10.57 40.06 13.35 44.21 14.74 57.91 19.30
9 37.12 12.37 46.94 15.65 51.64 17.21 67.85 22.62 8
9.5 Clay 34.72 11.57 43.86 14.62 46.75 15.58 60.24 20.08
10 39.78 13.26 50.25 16.75 53.37 17.79 68.00 22.67
10.5 44.94 14.98 56.48 18.83 59.70 19.90 75.44 25.15
10
11 50.19 16.73 62.50 20.83 65.73 21.91 82.54 27.51
11.5 54.99 18.33 68.33 22.78 71.45 23.82 89.29 29.76
Kedalaman (m)
𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 = × 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
3𝛼𝛼
where:
qc = Average Cone Tip Resistance value
𝛼𝛼 = Bearing Capacity Coefficient (depends on the type of the soil and
the pile)
3 = Qp factors safety number
1
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 = 𝑃𝑃 × 𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽𝐽
2
where:
P = Pile cimcumference
2 = Qp factors safety number
The pile sizes used in the foundation bearing capacity analysis are pile with a diameter of
20cm, 25cm, 30cm, and square pile of 20cm x 20 cm , with the pile length assumed as the
penetration depth into of which according to the CPT value is the hard soil. This
recommendation analysis represents only as a general overview of pile foundation bearing
capacity. The detailed calculation and analysis would be performed by the building structure
planner. The summary of pile foundation calculation results is shown in Table 15 sampai
Table 20.
6.6
D25
6.8 4.98 1.66 6.35 2.12 6.39 2.13 7.51 2.50 6.8
D30
7 5.11 1.70 6.51 2.17 6.55 2.18 7.70 2.57 7
7.2 5.43 1.81 6.92 2.31 6.97 2.32 8.18 2.73 7.2
7.4 5.82 1.94 7.40 2.47 7.48 2.49 8.76 2.92 7.4
7.6 6.23 2.08 7.94 2.65 8.03 2.68 9.40 3.13 7.6
7.8 6.75 2.25 8.60 2.87 8.72 2.91 10.18 3.39 7.8
8 7.23 2.41 9.21 3.07 9.36 3.12 10.91 3.64 8
8.2 7.74 2.58 9.86 3.29 10.02 3.34 11.68 3.89 8.2
8.4 8.25 2.75 10.51 3.50 10.67 3.56 12.45 4.15 8.4
8.6 8.73 2.91 11.11 3.70 11.28 3.76 13.16 4.39 8.6
8.8 9.20 3.07 11.72 3.91 11.88 3.96 13.88 4.63 8.8
9 9.68 3.23 12.32 4.11 12.49 4.16 14.59 4.86 9
9.2 10.21 3.40 13.00 4.33 13.17 4.39 15.40 5.13 9.2
9.4 10.75 3.58 13.69 4.56 13.85 4.62 16.21 5.40 9.4
9.6 11.32 3.77 14.42 4.81 14.59 4.86 17.07 5.69 9.6
9.8 12.03 4.01 15.32 5.11 15.52 5.17 18.14 6.05 9.8
10 12.72 4.24 16.20 5.40 16.49 5.50 19.20 6.40 10
10.2 13.64 4.55 17.36 5.79 17.75 5.92 20.60 6.87 10.2
10.4 14.59 4.86 18.57 6.19 19.05 6.35 22.04 7.35 10.4
10.6 15.50 5.17 19.73 6.58 20.29 6.76 23.43 7.81 10.6
10.8 16.17 5.39 20.59 6.86 21.16 7.05 24.44 8.15 10.8
11 16.50 5.50 21.01 7.00 21.55 7.18 24.94 8.31 11
11.2 16.87 5.62 21.48 7.16 21.97 7.32 25.48 8.49 11.2
11.4 17.24 5.75 21.95 7.32 22.40 7.47 26.03 8.68 11.4
11.6 17.67 5.89 22.50 7.50 22.92 7.64 26.67 8.89 11.6
11.8 18.38 6.13 23.40 7.80 23.87 7.96 27.75 9.25 11.8
12 19.36 6.45 24.65 8.22 25.20 8.40 29.24 9.75 12
12.2 Sandy Silt 18.34 6.11 23.35 7.78 23.56 7.85 27.64 9.21 12.2
12.4 19.18 6.39 24.42 8.14 24.81 8.27 28.93 9.64 12.4
12.6 20.52 6.84 26.13 8.71 26.81 8.94 31.01 10.34 12.6
12.8 22.01 7.34 28.02 9.34 29.00 9.67 33.31 11.10 12.8
13 23.72 7.91 30.20 10.07 31.52 10.51 35.95 11.98 13
13.2 25.61 8.54 32.61 10.87 34.31 11.44 38.88 12.96 13.2
13.4 27.77 9.26 35.35 11.78 37.47 12.49 42.20 14.07 13.4
13.6 30.11 10.04 38.33 12.78 40.88 13.63 45.81 15.27 13.6
13.8 31.86 10.62 40.56 13.52 43.32 14.44 48.49 16.16 13.8
7.8 4.8 1.6 6.0 2.0 6.2 2.1 7.2 2.4 7.8 D25
8 5.0 1.7 6.4 2.1 6.5 2.2 7.6 2.5 8 D30
8.2 5.4 1.8 6.9 2.3 7.0 2.3 8.1 2.7 8.2
8.4 5.8 1.9 7.3 2.4 7.5 2.5 8.7 2.9 8.4
8.6 6.2 2.1 7.9 2.6 8.1 2.7 9.4 3.1 8.6
8.8 6.7 2.2 8.6 2.9 8.7 2.9 10.2 3.4 8.8
9 7.4 2.5 9.4 3.1 9.6 3.2 11.1 3.7 9
9.2 8.0 2.7 10.2 3.4 10.5 3.5 12.1 4.0 9.2
9.4 8.6 2.9 10.9 3.6 11.1 3.7 13.0 4.3 9.4
9.6 9.1 3.0 11.5 3.8 11.7 3.9 13.7 4.6 9.6
9.8 9.4 3.1 12.0 4.0 12.2 4.1 14.2 4.7 9.8
10 9.7 3.2 12.4 4.1 12.5 4.2 14.6 4.9 10
10.2 10.0 3.3 12.7 4.2 12.8 4.3 15.0 5.0 10.2
10.4 10.2 3.4 13.0 4.3 13.0 4.3 15.3 5.1 10.4
10.6 10.4 3.5 13.2 4.4 13.2 4.4 15.6 5.2 10.6
10.8 10.7 3.6 13.6 4.5 13.6 4.5 16.1 5.4 10.8
11 11.1 3.7 14.1 4.7 14.1 4.7 16.6 5.5 11
11.2 11.5 3.8 14.6 4.9 14.6 4.9 17.3 5.8 11.2
11.4 11.9 4.0 15.1 5.0 15.2 5.1 17.9 6.0 11.4
11.6 12.2 4.1 15.5 5.2 15.5 5.2 18.4 6.1 11.6
11.8 12.5 4.2 15.9 5.3 15.9 5.3 18.8 6.3 11.8
12 12.9 4.3 16.4 5.5 16.4 5.5 19.4 6.5 12
12.2 13.2 4.4 16.8 5.6 16.8 5.6 19.8 6.6 12.2
12.4 13.4 4.5 17.1 5.7 17.1 5.7 20.2 6.7 12.4
12.6 13.8 4.6 17.5 5.8 17.5 5.8 20.7 6.9 12.6
12.8 14.1 4.7 17.9 6.0 17.9 6.0 21.2 7.1 12.8
13 14.4 4.8 18.4 6.1 18.3 6.1 21.7 7.2 13
13.2 14.9 5.0 19.0 6.3 18.9 6.3 22.4 7.5 13.2
13.4 15.3 5.1 19.5 6.5 19.4 6.5 23.0 7.7 13.4
13.6 15.7 5.2 20.0 6.7 20.0 6.7 23.6 7.9 13.6
13.8 16.1 5.4 20.5 6.8 20.4 6.8 24.2 8.1 13.8
14 16.5 5.5 21.1 7.0 21.0 7.0 24.9 8.3 14
14.2 17.1 5.7 21.8 7.3 21.8 7.3 25.8 8.6 14.2
14.4 18.2 6.1 23.2 7.7 23.3 7.8 27.4 9.1 14.4
14.6 20.3 6.8 25.8 8.6 26.1 8.7 30.6 10.2 14.6
14.8 23.3 7.8 29.6 9.9 30.2 10.1 35.1 11.7 14.8
15 28.1 9.4 35.7 11.9 36.9 12.3 42.5 14.2 15
15.2 35.8 11.9 45.6 15.2 47.6 15.9 54.3 18.1 15.2
15.4 45.4 15.1 57.8 19.3 60.7 20.2 68.9 23.0 15.4
15.6 56.9 19.0 72.4 24.1 76.3 25.4 86.3 28.8 15.6
15.8 71.9 24.0 91.5 30.5 96.8 32.3 109.2 36.4 15.8
16 86.8 28.9 110.5 36.8 116.2 38.7 131.8 43.9 16
6.6
D25
6.8 4.41 1.47 5.62 1.87 5.71 1.90 6.66 2.22 6.8
D30
7 4.70 1.57 5.98 1.99 6.08 2.03 7.09 2.36 7
7.2 4.97 1.66 6.33 2.11 6.42 2.14 7.50 2.50 7.2
7.4 5.59 1.86 7.11 2.37 7.31 2.44 8.45 2.82 7.4
7.6 7.16 2.39 9.12 3.04 9.50 3.17 10.86 3.62 7.6
7.8 9.79 3.26 12.46 4.15 13.13 4.38 14.86 4.95 7.8
8 13.17 4.39 16.77 5.59 17.70 5.90 20.00 6.67 8
8.2 16.55 5.52 21.07 7.02 22.28 7.43 25.14 8.38 8.2
8.4 19.58 6.53 24.93 8.31 26.30 8.77 29.73 9.91 8.4
8.6 22.26 7.42 28.34 9.45 29.79 9.93 33.78 11.26 8.6
8.8 24.31 8.10 30.95 10.32 32.29 10.76 36.85 12.28 8.8
9 26.18 8.73 33.33 11.11 34.62 11.54 39.65 13.22 9
9.2 28.04 9.35 35.70 11.90 36.83 12.28 42.42 14.14 9.2
9.4 29.26 9.75 37.26 12.42 38.23 12.74 44.22 14.74 9.4
9.6 30.80 10.27 39.21 13.07 40.14 13.38 46.52 15.51 9.6
9.8 33.00 11.00 42.01 14.00 42.89 14.30 49.82 16.61 9.8
10 34.51 11.50 43.94 14.65 44.67 14.89 52.08 17.36 10
10.2 36.03 12.01 45.88 15.29 46.56 15.52 54.35 18.12 10.2
10.4 37.51 12.50 47.75 15.92 48.39 16.13 56.56 18.85 10.4
10.6 Silty Clay 38.73 12.91 49.32 16.44 49.84 16.61 58.38 19.46 10.6
10.8 40.43 13.48 51.48 17.16 51.96 17.32 60.93 20.31 10.8
11 42.84 14.28 54.54 18.18 55.13 18.38 64.58 21.53 11
11.2 47.66 15.89 60.68 20.23 61.87 20.62 71.94 23.98 11.2
11.4 55.96 18.65 71.26 23.75 73.09 24.36 84.57 28.19 11.4
11.6 65.49 21.83 83.39 27.80 86.01 28.67 99.07 33.02 11.6
11.8 77.22 25.74 98.32 32.77 101.98 33.99 116.92 38.97 11.8
12 90.66 30.22 115.43 38.48 120.04 40.01 137.33 45.78 12
12.2 102.67 34.22 130.72 43.57 135.75 45.25 155.49 51.83 12.2
12.4 114.85 38.28 146.23 48.74 151.75 50.58 173.91 57.97 12.4
12.6 127.28 42.43 162.06 54.02 167.82 55.94 192.66 64.22 12.6
12.8 137.96 45.99 175.66 58.55 181.18 60.39 208.68 69.56 12.8
13 147.73 49.24 188.10 62.70 193.50 64.50 223.37 74.46 13
13.2 158.97 52.99 202.41 67.47 207.83 69.28 240.28 80.09 13.2
13.4 170.63 56.88 217.26 72.42 222.51 74.17 257.79 85.93 13.4
13.6 182.99 61.00 232.99 77.66 238.28 79.43 276.39 92.13 13.6
13.8 196.65 65.55 250.38 83.46 255.69 85.23 296.95 98.98 13.8
Kedalaman (m)
4.8 4.36 1.45 5.55 1.85 5.66 1.89 6.59 2.20 4.8 D25
5 4.65 1.55 5.92 1.97 6.03 2.01 7.02 2.34 5 D30
5.2 4.87 1.62 6.19 2.06 6.29 2.10 7.34 2.45 5.2
5.4 4.98 1.66 6.35 2.12 6.42 2.14 7.51 2.50 5.4
5.6 5.04 1.68 6.42 2.14 6.46 2.15 7.59 2.53 5.6
5.8 5.10 1.70 6.49 2.16 6.51 2.17 7.67 2.56 5.8
6 5.15 1.72 6.56 2.19 6.56 2.19 7.75 2.58 6
6.2 5.24 1.75 6.67 2.22 6.66 2.22 7.88 2.63 6.2
6.4 5.37 1.79 6.83 2.28 6.82 2.27 8.07 2.69 6.4
6.6 5.49 1.83 6.99 2.33 6.98 2.33 8.26 2.75 6.6
6.8 5.62 1.87 7.15 2.38 7.13 2.38 8.45 2.82 6.8
7 5.74 1.91 7.31 2.44 7.29 2.43 8.64 2.88 7
7.2 5.91 1.97 7.52 2.51 7.50 2.50 8.88 2.96 7.2
7.4 6.16 2.05 7.85 2.62 7.85 2.62 9.27 3.09 7.4
7.6 6.48 2.16 8.26 2.75 8.27 2.76 9.76 3.25 7.6
7.8 6.79 2.26 8.64 2.88 8.67 2.89 10.22 3.41 7.8
8 7.29 2.43 9.28 3.09 9.38 3.13 10.98 3.66 8
8.2 8.54 2.85 10.88 3.63 11.14 3.71 12.91 4.30 8.2
8.4 10.84 3.61 13.80 4.60 14.32 4.77 16.42 5.47 8.4
8.6 14.46 4.82 18.41 6.14 19.34 6.45 21.94 7.31 8.6
8.8 20.62 6.87 26.25 8.75 27.99 9.33 31.37 10.46 8.8
9 29.41 9.80 37.45 12.48 39.96 13.32 44.76 14.92 9
9.2 37.76 12.59 48.07 16.02 51.04 17.01 57.40 19.13 9.2
9.4 45.16 15.05 57.50 19.17 61.03 20.34 68.65 22.88 9.4
9.6 54.93 18.31 69.94 23.31 74.34 24.78 83.53 27.84 9.6
9.8 68.20 22.73 86.83 28.94 92.12 30.71 103.67 34.56 9.8
10 81.90 27.30 104.27 34.76 109.60 36.53 124.29 41.43 10
9.6 28.67 9.56 36.51 12.17 36.06 12.02 43.05 14.35 9.6
D25
9.8 28.96 9.65 36.87 12.29 36.43 12.14 43.49 14.50 9.8
D30
10 29.31 9.77 37.32 12.44 36.88 12.29 44.01 14.67 10
10.2 29.66 9.89 37.76 12.59 37.32 12.44 44.54 14.85 10.2
10.4 30.01 10.00 38.21 12.74 37.77 12.59 45.06 15.02 10.4
10.6 30.36 10.12 38.65 12.88 38.22 12.74 45.59 15.20 10.6
10.8 30.67 10.22 39.05 13.02 38.61 12.87 46.06 15.35 10.8
11 30.98 10.33 39.45 13.15 39.00 13.00 46.53 15.51 11
11.2 Clay 31.30 10.43 39.85 13.28 39.40 13.13 47.00 15.67 11.2
11.4 31.61 10.54 40.25 13.42 39.79 13.26 47.47 15.82 11.4
11.6 31.93 10.64 40.65 13.55 40.18 13.39 47.95 15.98 11.6
11.8 32.24 10.75 41.05 13.68 40.57 13.52 48.42 16.14 11.8
12 32.59 10.86 41.50 13.83 41.02 13.67 48.94 16.31 12
12.2 33.00 11.00 42.02 14.01 41.55 13.85 49.56 16.52 12.2
12.4 33.41 11.14 42.54 14.18 42.07 14.02 50.18 16.73 12.4
12.6 33.86 11.29 43.11 14.37 42.65 14.22 50.86 16.95 12.6
12.8 34.41 11.47 43.81 14.60 43.37 14.46 51.68 17.23 12.8
13 34.98 11.66 44.54 14.85 44.10 14.70 52.54 17.51 13
13.2 35.55 11.85 45.26 15.09 44.84 14.95 53.41 17.80 13.2
13.4 36.12 12.04 45.99 15.33 45.58 15.19 54.27 18.09 13.4
13.6 36.66 12.22 46.68 15.56 46.26 15.42 55.08 18.36 13.6
13.8 37.16 12.39 47.32 15.77 46.89 15.63 55.83 18.61 13.8
14 37.67 12.56 47.96 15.99 47.52 15.84 56.59 18.86 14
14.2 38.20 12.73 48.64 16.21 48.20 16.07 57.39 19.13 14.2
14.4 38.80 12.93 49.41 16.47 48.96 16.32 58.30 19.43 14.4
14.6 39.40 13.13 50.17 16.72 49.72 16.57 59.20 19.73 14.6
14.8 40.00 13.33 50.94 16.98 50.49 16.83 60.10 20.03 14.8
15 40.61 13.54 51.70 17.23 51.25 17.08 61.01 20.34 15
15.2 Sand 41.17 13.72 52.42 17.47 51.95 17.32 61.85 20.62 15.2
15.4 41.74 13.91 53.14 17.71 52.66 17.55 62.70 20.90 15.4
15.6 42.30 14.10 53.86 17.95 53.37 17.79 63.55 21.18 15.6
15.8 42.87 14.29 54.58 18.19 54.07 18.02 64.40 21.47 15.8
16 43.45 14.48 55.32 18.44 54.81 18.27 65.27 21.76 16
16.2 44.06 14.69 56.10 18.70 55.58 18.53 66.20 22.07 16.2
16.4 44.68 14.89 56.89 18.96 56.36 18.79 67.12 22.37 16.4
16.6 45.29 15.10 57.67 19.22 57.13 19.04 68.04 22.68 16.6
16.8 45.92 15.31 58.47 19.49 57.93 19.31 68.99 23.00 16.8
17 46.57 15.52 59.30 19.77 58.74 19.58 69.96 23.32 17
17.2 47.22 15.74 60.12 20.04 59.55 19.85 70.93 23.64 17.2
17.4 47.86 15.95 60.94 20.31 60.37 20.12 71.90 23.97 17.4
17.6 48.51 16.17 61.76 20.59 61.18 20.39 72.87 24.29 17.6
17.8 49.14 16.38 62.56 20.85 61.97 20.66 73.81 24.60 17.8
18 50.08 16.69 63.76 21.25 63.24 21.08 75.25 25.08 18
18.2 51.76 17.25 65.90 21.97 65.50 21.83 77.80 25.93 18.2
18.4 53.83 17.94 68.54 22.85 68.26 22.75 80.94 26.98 18.4
18.6 56.05 18.68 71.37 23.79 71.22 23.74 84.31 28.10 18.6
18.8 58.80 19.60 74.86 24.95 74.98 24.99 88.49 29.50 18.8
19 62.39 20.80 79.44 26.48 79.81 26.60 93.96 31.32 19
19.2 67.25 22.42 85.62 28.54 86.41 28.80 101.34 33.78 19.2
19.4 75.46 25.15 96.08 32.03 97.82 32.61 113.89 37.96 19.4
19.6 88.10 29.37 112.17 37.39 115.01 38.34 133.13 44.38 19.6
19.8 100.00 33.33 127.33 42.44 130.57 43.52 151.12 50.37 19.8
6.6 6.18 2.06 7.77 2.59 7.89 2.63 9.20 3.07 6.6 D25
6.8 6.93 2.31 8.72 2.91 8.90 2.97 10.34 3.45 6.8 D30
7 7.93 2.64 10.00 3.33 10.25 3.42 11.87 3.96 7
7.2 9.11 3.04 11.50 3.83 11.85 3.95 13.66 4.55 7.2
7.4 10.44 3.48 13.20 4.40 13.64 4.55 15.68 5.23 7.4
7.6 11.76 3.92 14.88 4.96 15.39 5.13 17.68 5.89 7.6
7.8 13.15 4.38 16.64 5.55 17.21 5.74 19.78 6.59 7.8
8 14.65 4.88 18.55 6.18 19.16 6.39 22.04 7.35 8
8.2 16.13 5.38 20.44 6.81 21.09 7.03 24.28 8.09 8.2
8.4 17.62 5.87 22.34 7.45 23.01 7.67 26.53 8.84 8.4
8.6 19.08 6.36 24.20 8.07 24.88 8.29 28.73 9.58 8.6
8.8 20.44 6.81 25.92 8.64 26.58 8.86 30.77 10.26 8.8
9 21.93 7.31 27.82 9.27 28.51 9.50 33.02 11.01 9
9.2 Clay 22.86 7.62 29.00 9.67 29.71 9.90 34.41 11.47 9.2
9.4 24.13 8.04 30.62 10.21 31.45 10.48 36.36 12.12 9.4
9.6 25.72 8.57 32.65 10.88 33.59 11.20 38.77 12.92 9.6
9.8 27.38 9.13 34.76 11.59 35.84 11.95 41.29 13.76 9.8
10 28.96 9.65 36.77 12.26 37.94 12.65 43.69 14.56 10
10.2 30.54 10.18 38.78 12.93 40.05 13.35 46.09 15.36 10.2
10.4 31.81 10.60 40.40 13.47 41.67 13.89 47.99 16.00 10.4
10.6 33.11 11.04 42.05 14.02 43.32 14.44 49.95 16.65 10.6
10.8 34.40 11.47 43.70 14.57 44.98 14.99 51.90 17.30 10.8
11 35.84 11.95 45.53 15.18 46.82 15.61 54.06 18.02 11
11.2 37.43 12.48 47.56 15.85 48.91 16.30 56.48 18.83 11.2
11.4 39.27 13.09 49.90 16.63 51.33 17.11 59.25 19.75 11.4
11.6 41.43 13.81 52.65 17.55 54.22 18.07 62.53 20.84 11.6
11.8 43.86 14.62 55.74 18.58 57.47 19.16 66.22 22.07 11.8
12 46.82 15.61 59.52 19.84 61.52 20.51 70.74 23.58 12
12.2 50.16 16.72 63.77 21.26 66.02 22.01 75.81 25.27 12.2
12.4 53.50 17.83 68.02 22.67 70.49 23.50 80.87 26.96 12.4
12.6 57.17 19.06 72.69 24.23 75.47 25.16 86.46 28.82 12.6
12.8 61.39 20.46 78.07 26.02 81.18 27.06 92.88 30.96 12.8
13 66.18 22.06 84.16 28.05 87.67 29.22 100.16 33.39 13
13.2 72.04 24.01 91.62 30.54 95.66 31.89 109.08 36.36 13.2
13.4 78.79 26.26 100.22 33.41 104.89 34.96 119.37 39.79 13.4
13.6 84.77 28.26 107.84 35.95 112.75 37.58 128.42 42.81 13.6
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄
𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 =
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
Where:
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = Pile Tip Area
c = Soil Cohesion value
q = Effectie Vertical Stress of Soil
SF = Factor of Safety
Nc & Nq = Bearing Capacity Factors that include the necessary shape
and depth factors
The pile sizes used in the allowable foundation bearing capacity analysis are pile with a
diameter of 20cm, 25cm, 30cm, and square pile of 20cm x 20 cm. Table 21.
Table 21 The Result of Bearing Capacity Calculation using the Laboratoy Data
Qall Total P all
Bor Hole ID Dimensi
kPa ton
20 18 2
20 x 20 25 2
DHS-GT-01
25 26 3
30 34 3
20 11 1
20 x 20 16 2
DHS-GT-02
25 15 1
30 18 2
20 19 2
20 x 20 27 3
DHS-GT-03
25 24 2
30 30 3
20 6 1
20 x 20 8 1
DHS-GT-04
25 7 1
30 9 1
20 23 2
20 x 20 32 3
DHS-GT-05
25 29 3
30 35 3
20 36 4
20 x 20 50 5
DHS-GT-06
25 48 5
30 61 6
10 Limitation
Soil investigation usually performed under similar standards and competencies among the
geologists and geotechnical engineers.
The samples taken for testing and observation should be considered to represent only the
condition of from where the sample is taken. It should also be considered that soil/rock and
the geological state of core sample could be very different from the surface outcrop.
In many cases, the state of soil/rock at the time of intital investigation and interpretation is
different from the state during excavation and construction process. If such thing happened,
the changes should be evaluated by the geotechnical engineer and the construction design
should be adjusted or there should be an alternative design recommended.