NACE International Cathodic Protection Training & Certification News Summer 2021

The Current State of Lightning

Immunity in Pipelines
Using Remote Monitoring for Evaluation in a Flash
By Rebecca A. Bickham, MP Editor

C
an lightning cause corrosion?
It’s a question people don’t
often consider; however, when
it comes to pipelines, it’s a legitimate
concern. While lightning itself does not
cause corrosion, the damage it creates
to a pipe’s walls, coatings, and cathod-
ic protection (CP) system can leave a
pipeline vulnerable. “If we get a direct
strike to an exposed piece of pipe,
there’s a potential that it could cause
a burst in the covering of that pipeline
somewhere down further, which is
not visible,” says Tony da Costa, VP of
Engineering at Mobiltex Data (Calgary,
Alberta, Canada). “Then, that exposed
area would be susceptible to corrosion
after that event.”Computer modeling of
the alternating (AC) interference effects
on buried pipelines has been in use for
some time, and the input data creates
various results and outputs. With recent
improvements, it has become an engi-
neering best practice for the pipeline
industry, most notably with complex
pipeline and high-voltage AC (HVAC)
right-of-ways. However, variances in
input data and measurements can lead
to considerable variances and possible
integrity issues.
Because there are over 2,000,000 mi
(3,218,688 km) of oil and gas pipelines
in North America, the likelihood of a
lightning strike to a pipeline can be
high. According to a Mobiltex white
paper, this is especially true in areas

Continued on Page 3

The Current State of Lightning Immunity in Pipelines ...............................1
Corrosion and Cathodic Protection in Deep Water ....................................5
Webcast Highlights Tools and Techniques for Managing Corrosion
at Water and Wastewater Utilities ................................................................6
Evaluation of Florida Bridge Pilings ...................................................................7
AMPP CP Course Listing .................................................................................... 10
Cathodic Protection-Related Technical Committees.............................. 11
Cathodic Protection-Related Reports and Standards ............................ 12
Cathodic Protection-Related Books .............................................................. 14
 Summer 2021
with a vast concentration of oil and
gas pipelines, or areas more prone
to lightning storms. Of even greater
concern are areas in which both of
these circumstances are true, like
Texas, USA. “Lightning strikes are very
dependent upon the geographical
region,” notes da Costa.
Numerous pipelines, along with the
CP systems protecting them, are still
inspected physically, as opposed to
being remotely monitored. Technicians
must perform inspections at specific
intervals to determine the health
and performance of the systems.
Since a time lapse occurs between
such inspections, the pipelines and
equipment are left vulnerable to
damage and the longer this amount of
time is, the higher the risk. These time
periods can be anywhere from several
weeks to several months. Should a
rectifier suffer a failure during the time
between inspections due to lightning,
there is no way anyone would know.
Additionally, it’s nearly impossible to
ascertain when the failure occurred,
how much downtime has elapsed,
or estimate the extent of possible
corrosion
Describing the Damage
The CP current in different parts of
the pipeline is separated using flange
inserts. Furthermore, they divide
underground and aboveground pipes
(i.e., pipes utilized at pipe stations). If a
pipeline is directly hit by lightning, or
even if lightning simply strikes nearby,
the dielectric strength of the flange is
customarily surpassed by the electrical
energy. It is especially damaging to the
pipe wall and insulation when this high
voltage arcs across these pipe flanges
or when it escapes to the ground.
Fortunately, ways to prevent this from
happening exist in order to protect
both the equipment and the workers.
To guide the lightning’s energy away
from the pipeline toward the ground,
decouplers, cathodic isolators, and
isolating spark gaps are used. They also
aid in the protection of rectifiers in CP
systems in much the same way. These
protective devices can fail when a
lightning strike overwhelms the rectifier,
causing a great deal of damage.
Another issue occurs when lightning
strikes nearby powerlines. “Usually
when you get a lightning strike on
a high voltage power line…there is
an ionization of the air, essentially
Figure 1: An RMU damaged by lightning. Photo courtesy of Mobiltex.
turning it into almost like a plasma,
which becomes a low-resistance
path,” explains da Costa. “It’s possible
then that the high-voltage power line
continues to feed an arc to the ground
or another structure. So you can end up
with periods of time where a significant
amount of current is flowing beyond the
initial lightning strike and that current
can cause serious damage to the
pipeline or structure that this flashover
is occurring to.”
Because flashovers occur for a longer
length of time than a lightning strike,
they can cause significant damage
to equipment, including pipelines
and rectifiers. When the equipment
is physically inspected, rather than
remotely monitored, several weeks might
pass with the pipeline left unprotected.
The pipeline is then at risk for even
further damage, such as corrosion.
Evaluating the Impact
Remote CP monitoring systems
gather real-time data from CP rectifiers
and notify the operators of failures
or changes in performance almost
instantly. “To evaluate the impact there
would essentially be an analysis of
the data that’s being provided by the
remote monitoring unit [RMU],” explains
da Costa. “It’s looking for changes
in the operational parameters, so if
there is damage to a pipe, then the
CP sources could be providing more
current that is now exiting through that
break in a coating. You could also be
looking at the potential on a pipe—see
if that’s changed as well. Now, with that
break in the coating, the potential at a
nearby test could be indicating that it’s
no longer within the protection criteria.”
An RMU works by utilizing either
satellite or cellular networks to gather
performance data, which is transmitted
to a cloud-based platform. Technicians
have the ability to set normal operating
parameters and receive notification
when the equipment is not operating
within optimal range. “They can be set
up to send out automated alerts when
parameters do change in the operation
of the system,” says da Costa. “So
they’re definitely an early indicator that
something has happened. That can be
followed up with more assessment—
perhaps on site.”
Lightning-resistant remote CP
monitoring devices are able to
communicate potential problems
with corrosion specialists in a timely
manner. While some devices only send
data at specific times, those equipped
with two-way communication allow
data to be accessed as needed. The
information received, such as an
undetectable amount of CP current or
an amount of current that does not fall
into the set parameters, can quickly
alert operators to potential damage.
Additionally, these monitoring devices
can provide data about the coupons
Continued on Page 4
3

Figure 2: Another RMU damaged by lightning. Photo courtesy of Mobiltex.
located in the pipeline. If a change in
current density were to occur, that could
alert experts of an issue with the coating
causing the current to leak into the
adjacent ground. All of this knowledge,
provided in a timely manner, supports
well-informed decision making and a
quicker response to repair.
4
Figures 1 and 2 both show Mobiltex
Data’s RMU3 remote monitors installed
in rectifiers that were damaged by
lightning strikes and continued to
transmit data to the CorView platform.
Due to their two-piece design, the
RMUs are still able to function after
a lightning strike and the damage is
Summer 2021
simply cosmetic and, once refurbished,
can be used well into the future.
Protecting Equipment
The design helps to obtain a high
level of immunity against lightning, and
increase the chance that equipment not
only endures a strike, but also continues
to operate. Remote CP monitoring
devices are in danger of lightning
strikes when installed on the outside
or inside of a CP rectifier and powered
from the AC line power by a step-down
transformer. Ensuring the RMU is able
to absorb transient currents and is
not bonded to the earth, alleviates the
lightning’s effect.
“The CP systems would be in the
form of coupling units that would be
used to bleed energy off of the pipe
in a controlled manner to a grounding
system,” says da Costa. “Beyond that
there isn’t much protecting the CP
sources, so a rectifier and so forth could
get easily damaged by lightning. As far
as the monitoring units for CP, there are
different techniques to try to minimize
the impact of a lightning strike on the
unit operation. In our case, we focus on
using isolated ground systems and also
energy-absorbing devices on our front
ends to try to limit the damage.”
The bottom line, according to da
Costa, is although nothing can be done
to prevent the lightning from occurring,
there are steps that can be taken to
mitigate the risk of damage to this
valuable infrastructure.SC
This article is based on Mobiltex
white paper, “Defending Against the
Destructive Potential of Lightning Strikes
on Pipelines,” paper no. WP-11.2020,
November 2020.
 Summer 2021
Corrosion and Cathodic Protection
in Deep Water
By Sammy Miles, CORROSION Managing Editor-in-Chief
W
ith the continued offshore
exploration and recovery
of minerals and petroleum,
there is a need to protect assets used
at depths in different oceanic environ-
ments. Corrosion prevention mecha-
nisms such as cathodic protection (CP)
may be applied to extend asset lifespan
or prevent premature, costly failures.
However, there has been a lack of
data on how deep water affects CP
requirements, according to Erwan
Diler, Nicolas Larché, and Dominique
Thierry with the French Corrosion
Institute (Brest, France). Additionally,
the available laboratory results have
differed from observations and research
in deep water environments, even when
conditions are reproduced.
Diler, Larché, and Thierry have been
conducting a series of studies in Azores
in the Atlantic Ocean, including research
on the influence of biofilms on cathodic
activity and the crevice corrosion of
stainless steel (SS) and nickel-based
alloys. Their recent study, published
in CORROSION journal,1 investigates
the effects of depth and the related
environmental conditions on carbon
steel’s (CS) corrosion and CP criteria. To
investigate these effects, they exposed
CS (ASTM A572 grade 50), as well as
corrosion and environmental sensors, for
11 months at depths of 1,020 m (1,115.5
yd) and 2,020 m (2,209.1 yd).
Every 2 h during this time, the sensors
collected information about the seawater
flow velocity, temperature, dissolved
oxygen (DO), conductivity, and depth. At
the end of the study, the impact of these
conditions was studied alongside the
corrosion product formed and corrosion
rate.
Over the 11-month period, the
environmental parameters stayed
relatively consistent. There were small
changes in the current speeds at
both depths. The shallower depth had
higher temperature and slightly higher
flow velocity, but lower DO saturation.
Anchored line and exposure site location, Autonomous Region of Azores, Atlantic Ocean, at
latitude: 37°18’894 N and longitude 32°13’908 W.
The corrosion rate between the two
depths was similar, with the 1,020-m
depth having a slightly higher rate.
The amount of oxygen diffusion may
be the reason for this difference—the
authors postulate that the higher the
temperature, the higher the corrosion
rate at a given DO level.
The current densities decreased
across time and were slightly lower in
the deeper water. This is assumed to
be due to the formation of a protective
calcareous deposit and the level of
oxygen diffusion. The growth of the
calcareous deposit, which acted as
a physical barrier over the cathode
surfaces, was expected to limit oxygen
diffusion and current demand over time.
Diler, Larché, and Thierry analyzed
the makeup of the calcareous deposits
and found that in the 1,020-m depth, the
main compounds were (in decreasing
order) magnesium calcite, calcite, and
brucite. In the 2,020-m depth, the main
compounds were calcite, magnesium
calcite, monohydrocalcite, and brucite.
However, previous laboratory studies
with similar environmental conditions
instead resulted in argonite as the main
compound, highlighting some of the
difficulties when trying to reproduce
deep-water studies in the laboratory.
They also compared the results from
their study to results from other studies
that took place in the Arabian Sea
and the Indian Ocean. These previous
studies used mild steel at different
depths and exposure temperatures,
finding that corrosion rate was higher
in deeper waters. However, Diler,
Larché, and Thierry instead found a
slightly lower corrosion rate in deeper
water. Factors such as flow velocity,
calcareous deposit formation, and
different limiting parameters involved
in the electrochemical processes
were attributed as the reasons for this
difference.
The analysis of the environmental
conditions and their effect on corrosion
rate and current densities will help inform
the design of appropriate corrosion
protection methods used in the Atlantic
Ocean in the future. SC
References
1 E. Diler, N. Larché, D. Thierry, “Carbon Steel
Corrosion and Cathodic Protection Data in
Deep North Atlantic Ocean,” Corrosion 76,
11 (2020).
To learn more about this study, the
CORROSION article is available at:
https://corrosionjournal.org/doi/
abs/10.5006/3552.
5

Webcast Highlights Tools and
Techniques for Managing Corrosion
at Water and Wastewater Utilities
A
s part of its ongoing series of ed-
ucational webcasts, NACE Inter-
national (now the Association for
Materials Protection and Performance
[AMPP]) and its Water/Wastewater
Council held a webcast on November
3, 2020 titled, “Tools and Techniques
for Managing Corrosion at Water and
Wastewater Utilities.”
Presented by John W. Norton, Jr.,
director of Energy, Research, and
Innovation at the Great Lakes Water
Authority (GLWA) in Southeast Michigan,
USA, the hour-long webcast focused on
corrosion management at GLWA, the
largest organization of combined water/
wastewater utilities in the United States.
Norton began by describing the basics
of chemical, biological, and galvanic
sources of corrosion found within
water infrastructure, and the types of
corrosion commonly encountered there.
6
He discussed methods for assessing
corrosion, how to resolve corrosion
issues, and recommended ways for
utilities to improve their corrosion
management programs based on lessons
learned from the GLWA. The presentation
was followed by a question-and-answer
session initiated by the audience.
This free webcast, now available on
demand, was followed by a second
water/wastewater presentation on
February 18, 2021. Paul Acosta, quality
control manager at Tucson Water
(Tucson, Arizona, USA) discussed how
his team addresses corrosion issues
at these facilities. As is the case with
all NACE and AMPP webcasts, the
audience has the opportunity to post
questions throughout the presentation,
which are typically addressed at the
end. If time does not allow addressing all
questions, these are captured and later
Summer 2021
answered by the presenters by email.
To access both webcasts on demand,
go to http://materialsperformance.
com/webinars. In addition to the water/
wastewater topics, there are more
than 20 other webcasts on corrosion
prevention and control presented
by experts in a variety of industries.
In addition, CoatingsPro Magazine
features webcasts focused on
protective coatings, also free and on
demand, at http://coatingspromag.com/
webcasts. SC
 Summer 2021

Evaluation of Florida Bridge Pilings

By Rebecca A. Bickham, MP Editor

B
ridges located in coastal areas
are subjected to harsh condi-
tions and suffer the deleterious
effects of corrosion. Thousands of
bridges in Florida, USA, most of which
are constructed with steel-reinforced
concrete, are located in marine envi-
ronments and experience saltwater-in-
duced corrosion. Most of these bridges
are supported by precast pilings that
are either continuously or periodically
exposed to saltwater, requiring cathod-
ic protection (CP).
Researchers Douglas L. Leng
with Structural Technologies, LLC
(Columbia, Maryland, USA); Matthew
Duncan with the Florida Department
of Transportation, Corrosion Research
Laboratory (Gainesville, Florida,
USA); and Ivan R. Lasa with Lasa
and Associates Corrosion Services
(Gainesville, Florida, USA) studied two
decommissioned pilings from the Figure 1: The Veterans Memorial Bridge with galvanic zinc mesh jackets installed.
Veterans Memorial Bridge in Florida.
This bridge was constructed in 19541
and crosses the Halifax River—which is
considered a marine site—in Daytona
Beach, Florida. As part of the Florida
Intracoastal Waterway, the Halifax River
is high in chlorides.
Zinc mesh CP jackets were used
on the pilings to provide corrosion
protection from the aggressive marine
Figure 2: Galvanic zinc mesh jacket showing water marks and marine growth.
environment, which have been proven
effective in providing long-term galvanic jackets. The repairs began in the fall of and jacket, in addition to consulting
protection to steel-reinforced concrete 1994 and were completed in 1995. local environmental data (Figure 2). They
piles in similar environments in both Twenty-one years later, the bridge drilled 2-in (50.8-mm) diameter cores
laboratory and field trials (Figure 1). was taken out of service because it at 6-in (152.4-mm) intervals outside
In fact, research has shown that this did not meet the latest deck codes the jacket and at 2-ft (0.61-m) spacing
approach can mitigate corrosion and and guardrail safety requirements. The inside the jacket. Eight holes in total
lengthen service life by greater than 20 Veterans Memorial Bridge was closed were drilled and the chloride content
years. for decommissioning in July 2016. It of each was measured. High chloride
After being in service for many was noted that the bridge still appeared content was measured in three areas:
years with only minor repairs, the to be in relatively good shape with no the edge of the upper part of the fiber-
Veterans Memorial Bridge underwent further evidence of corrosion on the reinforced polymer jacket, close to the
an extensive condition assessment in piles. Two of the piles with the galvanic bottom of the jacket, and below the
1992. The bridge components, such zinc mesh CP jacket system still in jacket. The team noted that finding such
as the concrete piles, fender system, place were taken to the State Materials a high chloride content in the jacket
concrete pile caps, concrete beams, Laboratory. Even after they had been in filler material in the upper part of the
and concrete deck, were inspected and service for over 20 years, the galvanic jacket was unexpected. Although it did
rated to assess their condition. In 1994, zinc mesh jackets were still performing not impede the flow of the CP current,
another review was completed and the as designed. it could potentially introduce a non-
bridge obtained a sufficiency rating From the top of the pile, the high- uniform distribution of the current. The
of 49.7, at which time it was labeled tide zone was determined to be 8 ft core taken from the upper section of the
“functionally obsolete,” but to remain in (2.44 m) and the low-tide zone was 11 jacket had two parts: grout on top and
service with the concrete piles needing ft (3.35 m). The researchers reached the original pile concrete on the bottom.
repair. The decision was made to repair this conclusion by measuring the water
133 piles using galvanic zinc mesh CP marks and marine growth on the pile Continued on Page 8

7

Figure 3: A section of extracted zinc mesh.
In contrast to the substrate concrete,
the grout section was found to be
abnormally high. Potential explanations
for this are that the grout was highly
permeable, or that when filling the
annular space of the jacket, the new
grout placement was inadequately
dewatered or experienced seawater
displacement. If contaminated, it may
have cured with a high concentration
of chlorides during placement with the
seawater.
Portions of the zinc mesh were
removed and found to generally be in
good condition, with some displaying
very little deterioration (Figure 3). The
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8
researchers cite two potential reasons
for this. First, the stay-in-place jacket
may have limited oxygen in the area.
Second, the submerged bulk zinc anode
may be carrying most of the load during
low tide, thus providing ionic current
flow over the area and supplementing
the zinc mesh jacket. This would aid
in the preservation of the zinc mesh
anode.
Lastly, the rebar was removed and
inspected. The area between high tide
and low tide was determined to have the
greatest amount of corrosion and steel
loss. The effectiveness of the CP jacket
system was proven effective when a
Summer 2021
corner bar was found discontinuous and
severely corroded.
This study concluded that the CP
system adequately protected the piles.
Upon removing the CP jackets, no
cracking or spalling was observed on
the original pile concrete. Additionally,
the researchers determined that the
CP system could provide protection
beyond the original 25-year estimate.
They suggest an evaluation of the
bulk anode system be conducted to
establish a more accurate service
life estimate. The researchers
conclude that a CP system is the best
means of rehabilitating reinforced
concrete structures in or near marine
environments and recommend, during
the construction phase, a certified CP
specialist supervise and approve the
installation. SC
Reference
1 D.L. Leng, M. Duncan, I.R. Lasa, “Forensic
Evaluation of Long-Term Galvanic Cathodic
Protection of Bridge Pilings in a Marine
Environment,” CORROSION 2020, paper
no. 14485 (Houston, TX: NACE
International, 2020).
This article was originally published in
the October 2020 issue of Materials
Performance. Reprinted with permission.
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 Summer 2021

AMPP CP Course Listing (January to March 2021)

ARGENTINA PERU
CP1—Cathodic Protection Tester
Buenos Aires ...............................................................Sep 27—Oct 1, 2021 Pipeline Corrosion Integrity Management
Miraflores .....................................................................Sep 20–24, 2021
CP2—Cathodic Protection Technician
Buenos Aires ...............................................................Nov 8–13, 2021 SAUDI ARABIA
CP2—Cathodic Protection Technician
AUSTRALIA Dammam ......................................................................Jul 4–8, 2021
Dammam ......................................................................Sep 12–16, 2021
CP1—Cathodic Protection Tester Dammam ......................................................................Nov 14–19, 2021
Brisbane, QLD .............................................................Aug 16–20, 2021
Sydney, NSW ..............................................................Jul 5–9, 2021 SOUTH AFRICA
CP2—Cathodic Protection Technician CP1—Cathodic Protection Tester
Brisbane, QLD .............................................................Aug 23–27, 2021 Midrand .........................................................................Aug 30—Sep 3, 2021
CP3—Cathodic Protection TechnologIst—Virtual Offshore Corrosion Assessment Training (O-CAT)
Virtual—Australian Eastern Time ........................Jul 5–9, 2021 Cape Town ...................................................................Aug 23–27, 2021

CP4—Cathodic Protection Specialist—Virtual SPAIN

Virtual—Australian Eastern Time (AEST) ..........Jul 12–16, 2021
Basic Corrosion—Virtual
CHINA Madrid, Spain ..............................................................June 28—Jul 1, 2021
CP3—Cathodic Protection Technologist Blended—Virtual
CP2—Cathodic Protection Technician Virtual—Central Europe Time ...............................Jul 12–16, 2021
Beijing ............................................................................Jul 19–23, 2021 Virtual—Central Europe Time ...............................Sep 6–10, 2021
Beijing ............................................................................Aug 16–20, 2021 CP4—Cathodic Protection Specialist—Virtual
Beijing ............................................................................Oct 18–22, 2021 Virtual—Central Europe Time ...............................Sep 13–17, 2021
Beijing ............................................................................Nov 22–27, 2021
UNITED ARAB EMIRATE
CP3—Cathodic Protection TechnologIst—Virtual
Beijing ............................................................................Jul 12–16, 2021 Basic Corrosion—Virtual
Virtual—Dubai (UAE) Time Zone ..........................Oct 2–5, 2021
Beijing ............................................................................Dec 13–18, 2021
CP3—Cathodic Protection Technologist Blended—Virtual
COLOMBIA Virtual—Dubai (UAE) Time Zone ..........................Sep 4–8, 2021
CP4—Cathodic Protection Specialist—Virtual
Offshore Corrosion Assessment Training (O-CAT) Virtual—Dubai (UAE) Time Zone ..........................Sep 11–15, 2021
Bogota ...........................................................................Sep 6–10, 2021 In Line Inspection
Dubai, UAE ...................................................................Jul 10–14, 2021
EGYPT
Pipeline Corrosion Integrity Management
In Line Inspection Dubai, UAE ...................................................................Jul 3–7, 2021
Cairo ...............................................................................Sep 19–23, 2021
UNITED STATES
INDIA CP1—Cathodic Protection Tester
Downey, CA .................................................................Dec 6–11, 2021
CP4—Cathodic Protection Specialist Houston, TX .................................................................Jul 12–16, 2021
Mumbai .........................................................................Nov 23–28, 2021 Houston, TX .................................................................Jul 19–23, 2021
Houston, TX .................................................................Aug 2–6, 2021
ITALY Houston, TX .................................................................Aug 9–13, 2021
Houston, TX .................................................................Aug 23–27, 2021
CP3—Cathodic Protection Technologyst—Virtual Kilgore, TX ....................................................................Jul 26–30, 2021
Virtual—Central European Time ..........................Sep 20–24, 2021 Pittsburgh, PA .............................................................Aug 2–6, 2021
Pittsburgh, PA .............................................................Oct 4–8, 2021
Pittsburgh, PA .............................................................Dec 13–18, 2021
MALAYSIA Winters, CA ..................................................................Oct 25–29, 2021
CP1—Cathodic Protection Tester CP2—Cathodic Protection Technician
Kuala Lumpur ..............................................................Jul 19–23, 2021 Downey, CA .................................................................Dec 13–18, 2021
Houston, TX .................................................................Jul 12–16, 2021
CP2—Cathodic Protection Technician Houston, TX .................................................................Aug 16–20, 2021
Kuala Lumpur ..............................................................Jul 26–30, 2021 Pittsburgh, PA .............................................................June 28—Jul 2, 2021
Pittsburgh, PA .............................................................Aug 9–13, 2021
Pittsburgh, PA .............................................................Oct 11–15, 2021
MEXICO
CP3—Cathodic Protection Technologist
Internal Corrosion for Pipelines—Basic Downey, CA .................................................................Jul 12–16, 2021
Cuernavaca, MOR .....................................................Jul 12–16, 2021
CP4—Cathodic Protection Specialist
Pipeline Corrosion Integrity Management Downey, CA .................................................................Jul 19–24, 2021
Cuernavaca, MOR .....................................................Aug 9–13, 2021 Houston, TX .................................................................Jul 26–31, 2021
In Line Inspection
Houston, TX .................................................................Jul 12–16, 2021
Internal Corrosion for Pipelines—Basic
Houston, TX .................................................................Aug 23–27, 2021

10
 Summer 2021

Cathodic Protection-Related Technical Committees

NACE International has become AMPP, the Association
for Materials Protection and Performance, with the recent
NACE/SSPC merger. Additional changes are coming to
the now AMPP standards development program, with a full
NACE/SSPC merger expected in early 2022. The benefits
of participating in our new standards development program
include sharing your knowledge while networking with your
peers, establishing best practices that affect your company’s
products and services, improving safety, and gaining access
to emerging technology.
Under the new program, standards and technical reports are
assigned to one of 22 Standards Committees (SCs).
To determine which SC(s) you should join, download the
“Standards Committees List of Standards” from the “About
AMPP Standards” section of AMPP’s web site for a complete
list of the documents assigned to each SC. You may search
either by document designation number or the former task
group number. You may join as many SCs as you have exper-
tise in and wish to actively participate on by opting-in. Visit
the AMPP web site for updated information about AMPP’s
standards program.
Log in and Join a Standards Committee!

Committee Title
Technology Cathodic Protection and Corrosion Control Research Development
Exchange
Group (TEG)
016X
TEG 022X Corrosion Control Coordinating Committee
TEG 024X DC and AC Transit Stray Current Problems
TEG 043X Reinforced Concrete: Cathodic Protection
TEG 132X Corrosion Management of Aboveground Storage Tanks
TEG 166X Cathodic Protection in Seawater—Discussion of Current Topics
TEG 179X Cathodic Protection
TEG 185X Economics of Corrosion
TEG 197X Cathodic Protection: Pipe-Type Cable
TEG 208X Pipeline Crossings: Steel-Cased, Thrust-Bored, and HDD
TEG 262X Interference Problems
TEG 338X Cathodic Protection Monitoring: Use of Coupons
TEG 363X Close-Interval Surveys and CP Surveys
TEG 368X Electric Utility Transmission and Distribution Corrosion and Grounding: Discussion of Issues
TEG 423X Nonvisible, Nonwater-Soluble Contaminants Affecting Corrosion Protection
TEG 463X Cathodic Protection Shielding and Root Causes of External Corrosion of Cathodically Protected Pipelines
TEG 465X Nuclear Buried and Underground Piping
SC 01 Cathodic/Anodic Protection
SC 03 External Coating—Buried & Immersed
SC 10 Asset Integrity Management
SC 12 Concrete Infrastructure
SC 13 Corrosion Monitoring & Measurement
SC 14 Oil and Gas—Upstream
SC 15 Pipelines & Tanks
For more information on AMPP Standards Committees (SC), please visit the Standards/About AMPP
Standards link at www.ampp.org.

11
 Summer 2021

Cathodic Protection-Related Reports and Standards

Document Title

REPORTS
7L192 Cathodic Protection Design Considerations for Deep Water Projects

10A392 Effectiveness of Cathodic Protection on Thermally Insulated Underground Metallic Structures

35108 One Hundred Millivolt (mV) Cathodic Polarization Criterion

30105 Electrical Isolation/Continuity and Coating Issues for Offshore Pipeline Cathodic Protection Systems

1E100 Engineering Symbols Related to Cathodic Protection

7L198 Design of Galvanic Anode Cathodic Protection Systems for Offshore Structures

01210 Cathodic Protection for Masonry Buildings Incorporating Structural Steel Frames

05101 State-of-the-Art Survey on Corrosion of Steel Piling in Soils

35110 AC Corrosion State-of-the-Art: Corrosion Rate, Mechanism, and Mitigation Requirements

35110 AC Corrosion State-of-the-Art Corrosion Rate, Mechanism, and Mitigation Requirements

10A392 Effectiveness of Cathodic Protection on Thermally Insulated Underground Metallic Structures

10B189 Direct Current Operated Rail Transit Stray Current Mitigation

1E100 Engineering Symbols Related to Cathodic Protection

7L192 Cathodic Protection Design Considerations for Deep Water Projects

7L198 Design of Galvanic Anode Cathodic Protection Systems for Offshore Structures

STANDARDS

SP0216-2016 Sacrificial Cathodic Protection of Reinforcing Steel in Atmospherically Exposed Concrete Structures

SP0575-2007 Internal Cathodic Protection (CP) Systems in Oil-Treating Vessels

SP0290-2019 Impressed Current Cathodic Protection of Reinforcing Steel in Atmospherically Exposed Concrete Structures

SP0107-2017 Electrochemical Realkalization and Chloride Extraction for Reinforced Concrete

SP0177-2019 Mitigation of Alternating Current and Lightning Effects on Metallic Structures and Corrosion Control Systems

SP0572-2007 Design, Installation, Operation, and Maintenance of Impressed Current Deep Anode Beds

SP0286-2007 Electrical Isolation of Cathodically Protected Pipelines

SP0196-2020 Galvanic Anode Cathodic Protection of Internal Submerged Surfaces of Steel Water Storage Tanks

SP0193-2016 External Cathodic Protection of On-Grade Carbon Steel Storage Tank Bottoms

SP0186-2007 Application of Cathodic Protection for External Surfaces of Steel Well Casings

SP0104-2020 The Use of Coupons for Cathodic Protection Monitoring Applications

SP0100-2019 Cathodic Protection to Control External Corrosion of Concrete Pressure Pipelines and Mortar-Coated
Steel Pipelines for Water and Waste Water Service

SP0169-2013 Control of External Corrosion on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems

SP0176-2007 Corrosion Control of Steel Fixed Offshore Platforms Associated with Petroleum Production

12
Summer 2021

Cathodic Protection-Related Reports and Standards

SP0207-2007 Performing Close-Interval Potential Surveys and DC Surface Potential Gradient Surveys on Buried or
Submerged Metallic Pipelines

SP0492-2016 Metallurgical and Inspection Requirements for Offshore Pipeline Bracelet Anodes

SP21424-2018 AC Corrosion on Cathodically Protected Pipelines: Risk Assessment, Mitigation, and Monitoring

ANSI/NACE
Petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries—Cathodic protection of pipeline transportation
SP0115-2015/
systems—Part 2: Offshore pipelines
ISO 15589-2
(Mod)

SP0285-2011 External Corrosion Control of Underground Storage Tank Systems by Cathodic Protection

SP0387-2019 Metallurgical and Inspection Requirements for Cast Galvanic Anodes for Offshore Applications

SP0388-2018 Impressed Current Cathodic Protection of Internal Submerged Surfaces of Carbon Steel Water Storage
Tanks

SP0408-2019 Cathodic Protection of Reinforcing Steel in Buried or Submerged Concrete Structures

Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection of Underground Storage Tank
TM0101-2012
Systems

TM0102-2002 Measurement of Protective Coating Electrical Conductance on Underground Pipelines

Evaluation of Coatings Containing Conductive Carbon Additives for Use as an Anode on Atmospherically
TM0105-2018
Exposed Reinforced Concrete

TM0108-2012 Testing of Catalyzed Titanium Anodes for Use in Soils or Natural Waters

TM0109-2009 Aboveground Survey Techniques for the Evaluation of Underground Pipeline Coating Condition

TM0190-2017 Impressed Current Laboratory Testing of Aluminum and Zinc Alloy Anodes

TM0115-2015 Cathodic Disbondment Test for Coated Steel Structures Under Cathodic Protection

TM0211-2011 Durability Test for Copper/Copper Sulfate Permanent Reference Electrodes for Direct Burial Applications

Testing of Embeddable Impressed Current Anodes for Use in Cathodic Protection of Atmospherically
TM0294-2016
Exposed Steel-Reinforced Concrete

Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection on Underground or Submerged

TM0497-2018
Metallic Piping Systems

For more information on AMPP Standards and reports, please visit the Resources link at www.ampp.org.

13
 Summer 2021

Cathodic Protection-Related Books

Item No. Title

37619 An Introduction to Asset Corrosion Management in the Oil and Gas Industry, Second Edition

38595 Cathodic Protection of Steel in Concrete and Masonry, Second Edition

38577 Cathodic Protection: Industrial Solutions for Protecting Against Corrosion

37614 Cathodic Protection Survey Procedures, Third Edition

37623 CorrCompilation: CO2 and H2S Metal Loss Corrosion—10 Year Review

37624, 37627 CorrCompilation: Mechanism of CO2 Corrosion, Volumes 1 & 2

38605 Corrosion and Materials Selection: A Guide for Chemical and Petroleum Industries

37630 Corrosion Basics—An Introduction, Third Edition

38603 Corrosion Engineering

37612 Crude Unit Corrosion Guide—A Complete How-To Guide, Third Edition

37582 Field Guide for Investigating Internal Corrosion of Pipelines

37610 Field Guide to Internal Corrosion Mitigation and Monitoring for Pipelines

37558 Forms of Corrosion—Recognition and Prevention: NACE Handbook 1, Volume 2

37580 Fusion-Bonded Epoxy (FBE): A Foundation for Pipeline Corrosion Protection

Note: This is a partial list of AMPP books related to cathodic protection. For a complete list, go to store.ampp.org.

Changing Pipeline Conditions:

Are GRE Isolation Gaskets Keeping Up?
Presenter: James Pugliese, Product Line Technical Specialist, GPT Industries

In this webcast, we explore the changing conditions affecting pipeline isolations. In particular, the webcast
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