Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DE Lecture 5
DE Lecture 5
A differential equation (of any order) which is of the first degree in the dependent variable and in
each of its derivatives is called a linear differential equation. Thus,
- (Equation 2)
Solution:
Suppose we let V(x) which is a function of x alone be an integrating factor to make equation 2 an
exact equation.
V = V(x)
P = P(x)
Q = Q(x)
M = VPy - VQ N = V
∫ ∫
∫ integrating factor
Therefore:
∫ ∫ ∫
( ∫ ) ∫
Hence, The General Solution is:
∫ ∫ ∫
NOTE: In integrating the exact equation, the integral of the left member is always the product of the
dependent variable and the integrating factor used.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS:
[Example 1]
dy = (x -3y) dx
[Example 3]
’ csc – ycotx
[Example 4]
(y –x + xycotx)dx + xdy = 0
[Example 6] Find the particular solution:
L + Ri = E ; when t = 0, i = 0.
i = dependent variable
t = independent variable
Assign: